[Both the species named are small aphids (BL 1.0-1.6 mm) of the
taxonomically difficult A. frangulae group
normally associated with species in other genera of Lamiaceae. It is possible
that the records from Micromeria are
of (an)other undescribed species.]
–
Cauda pale.Total rostrum length (from base of
protractor apodeme) 0.32-0.41 mm. ANT PT/BASE2.0-3.2. SIPH 0.9-1.9 × cauda
Body elongate oval, sclerotic dorsally, with a crenulate margin due to a continuous fringe of wax glands. SIPH as pores with raised rims. Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed
Body oval or spindle-shaped, BL usually more than 1.5 mm, without a marginal fringe of wax glands. SIPH tubular. Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped, anal plate entire
…..2
2
Head, ANT I, II and basal part of III very pale, contrasting with dark rest of ANT. SIPH dark, 0.24-0.40 × BL, about twice as long as the much paler cauda
SIPHslightly swollen on distal part. ANT, legs, SIPH and cauda all mainly or entirely dark. Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spicules arranged in polygons
SIPH not swollen distally and/or other characters do not apply
…..2
2
Head nodulose with both median frontal tubercle and ANT tubercles well developed, so that front of head is W-shaped in dorsal view. Cauda with broad basal part and distinctly narrower distal part
Spiracular apertures on pro- and metathorax much larger than those on abdomen (which are partially covered by cowl-like opercula). R IV+V 1.4-3.5 × HT II and bearing 8-30 accessory hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 1.1-1.5 × BD III. ANT III with 6-26 rhinaria on thickened basal part
…..7
–
Thoracic spiracular apertures not much larger than abdominal ones. R IV+V usually shorter and less hairy, and ANT III usually with shorter hairs and fewer or no rhinaria
ANT PT/BASE more than 1.7. If ANT tubercles are undeveloped and ABD TERG 1 and 7 have MTu then R IV+V has only 2 accessory hairs
…..2
2
ANT tubercles well developed with inner faces apically convergent, or bearing apically convergent processes. R IV+V 1.3-1.7 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 3.0-6.0. ANT III without rhinaria. (Al. with secondary rhinaria on ANT IV)
…..3
–
Without that combination of characters, i.e. if ANT tuberclesare well developed and apically convergent then R IV+V is less than 1.3 × HT II and other characters do not all apply
One polyphagous aphid species, Aphis gossypii, is recorded from three Mosla spp.; M. dianthera (= M. formosana), M. japonica and M. scabra (= M. punctulata).
Cauda tongue- or
finger-shaped. SIPH longer, more than 0.1 × BL. Abdomen without or with
different dark markings
…..2
2
Head with medianfrontal
process well-developed, scabrous, rounded. Femora black except at bases. SIPH
and cauda both black, cauda bearing 8-11 hairs. R IV+V 0.8-1.0 × HT II
Ocular tubercle (triommatidium) evident as a projection behind compound eye
…..2
2
Cauda pale/dusky, SIPH pale or dark. Dorsal abdomen without dark sclerotisation anterior to SIPH
…..3
–
Cauda and SIPH both dark. Dorsal abdomen usually with some dark sclerotisation anterior to SIPH
…..4
3
SIPH 0.6-0.82 × cauda, dark and slightly swollen distally, with a constriction proximal to the well-developed flange. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu). Genital plate with 6-13 hairs on posterior part
SIPH 1.0-1.2 × cauda, mainly pale, tapering, with no subapical constriction and a small flange. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with large MTu. Genital plate often without any hairs on posterior part
Longest hairs on ANT III 10-35 μm, and on ABD TERG 3 13-40 μm long. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed, often extensive sclerotisation. Cauda finger-like
…..6
6
Longest hairs on ANT III 10-20 μm, much shorter than BD III, on ABD TERG 3 13-28 μm, and on ABD TERG 8 13-45 μm long. Cauda rather thin, with 4-10 hairs
Longest hairs on ANT III and ABD TERG 3 are 30-35 μm, as long as or longer than BD III, and longest hair on ABD TERG 8 is 50-60 μm long. Cauda with 8-14 hairs
…..7
7
ANT PT/BASE 1.5-1.8. SIPH more than 4 × longer than their width at midlength, and 1.3-1.5 × cauda. Cauda 0.27-0.32 mm long, with 10-14 hairs
ANT PT/BASE 0.9-1.2. SIPH and cauda both rather short and thick; SIPH less than 3 × longer than their width at midlength, and 0.8-1.1 × cauda. Cauda 0.17-0.20 mm long, with 8-10 hairs
Head with a pair of forwardly-directed horns between ANT bases. Eyes 3-faceted. Marginal wax glands evident. SIPH as pores
…..2
–
No frontal horns. Eyes multifaceted. No evident wax glands. SIPH tubular
…..3
2
Body dorso-ventrally flattened, almost circular, wholly sclerotic with a continuous crenulate margin of wax glands. Head fused with 3 thoracic tergites, and ABD TERG 1-7 fused
Body not dorso-ventrally flattened, pear-shaped, not sclerotic, with marginal wax glands divided into segmental groups. Head fused with prothorax, other tergites free
SIPH and femora covered with irregular, transverse rows of spicules. ANT PT/BASE 5.8-8.1. (Alata with dark-bordered wing veins, with radius and media fused for part of lengths to form a closed cell behind the pterostigma)
Dorsal cuticle with a reticulate pattern of spicules. SIPH cylindrical on basal part, slightly swollen on distal part, with a smooth constricted subapical region
…..7
–
Dorsal cuticle without spicules, or with spiculosity localised, not forming a reticulate pattern. SIPH tapering on basal part, and tapering, cylindrical or swollen on distal part, without a smooth constricted subapical region
SIPH black with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, 2.0-2.2 × cauda. Dorsal abdomen with a dark irregular central sclerite. ANT III-VI entirely dark
…..Sitobion sp. on Ensete ventricosum (Ethiopia, BMNH collection, leg. T. Abate)
–
Without that combination of characters
…..11
11
SIPH pale, tapering/cylindrical, without swelling or subapical polygonal reticulation. ANT III with 1-3 rhinaria near base. Head cuticle smooth with ANT tubercles divergent, and median frontal tubercle evident
ANT IIIwithout rhinaria (except in alatiform specimens). R IV+V (0.175-) 0.18-0.24 mm. Dorsal shield almost smooth or with indistinct imbrications
…..4
4
SIPH pale or dusky. Conspicuous flat marginal tubercles (MTu) usually present on all segments from pronotum to ABD TERG 7, and spinal tubercles (STu) on pronotum and ABD TERG 7 and 8
SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation (at least 4-5 rows of closed cells). ANT tubercles well-developed, with inner faces smooth and divergent
…..6
–
SIPH without subapical polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles if well developed then with inner faces steep-sided, and scabrous or spiculose
…..7
6
Longest hair on ABD TERG 8 is 38-63 μm, 0.6-1.4 × ANT BD III. Anterior half of subgenital plate usually (77%) with only 2 hairs (18% with 3, 5% with 4-6 hairs)
Hairs on inner sides of ANT tubercles mostly pointed, the longest 0.75-1.0 × ANT BD III. SIPH 0.84-1.09 × ANT III, and 0.17-0.20 × BL. (Al. with (0-) 2-5 sec. rhinaria on ANT IV and 0-2 on V)
Hairs on inner sides of ANT tubercles all short and blunt, the longest 0.3-0.6 × BD III. SIPH 1.0-1.6 × ANT III, and 0.20-0.28 × BL. (Al. without sec. rhinaria on ANT IV or V)
SIPH in form of short truncated cones. Cauda with a constriction, and anal plate bilobed
…..5
–
SIPH tubular, tapering, cylindrical or swollen on distal half. Cauda finger-like, without a constriction, and anal pale entire
…..6
5
(All viviparae are alatae.) ANT shorter than body, with ANT PT/BASE less than 2. Head and thorax with longitudinal black stripes, and abdomen with paired dark segmental patches. Tibiae with similar pigmentation to distal parts of femora
(Apterae or alatae.)ANT longer than body, with ANT PT/BASE more than 2. Dorsum without a pattern of dark markings. Tibiae black, contrasting with paler femora
Without that combination of characters; if ANT III has rhinaria on basal part and ANT tubercles are well-developed with smooth divergent inner faces then ANT PT/BASE is more than 4.5
BL less than 3 mm. HT II of normal length, less than 0.25 × hind tibia
…..2
2
ANT usually 5-segmented, 0.3-0.4 × BL, with ANT PT/BASE 0.9-1.6. SIPH as small, short cones, with an annular subapical constriction and a large flange. Cauda rounded, about half as long as its basal width
Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spinules arranged in polygons, with 1-3 spicules in the centre of each polygon. Head smooth with ANT tubercles weakly developed, SIPH clavate
Length of supracaudal process at least 1.6 × maximum width of swollen part of SIPH. SIPH 0.98-1.10 × longer than head width across (and including) eyes, and 6.7-9 × their maximum width on swollen part. (Al. with a complete black band on ABD TERG 6)
Length of supracaudal process less than 1.5 × maximum width of swollen part of SIPH. SIPH 0.8-1.0 (-1.07) head width across eyes, and 5-7 × their maximum width on swollen part. (Al. with a pair of roundish dark marks on ABD TERG 6)
Cauda helmet-shaped, a little shorter than its basal width, Spinal tubercles (STu) present on head and ABD TERG 8, or 7 and 8, and marginal tubercles (MTu) on ABD TERG 1-5
Aptera with 6-segmented antennae and body (where known) with short club-shaped processes (e.g. fig. 63B). ANT III of alata with 8-32 secondary rhinaria
…..3
3
ANT III of alata with 18-32 secondary rhinaria scattered over segment
Although only these species are recorded from Neolitsea,
it seems probable that it may be colonised by other aphids which occur on Machilus
and Litsea. Lists and keys for those plant genera should therefore be
consulted.
Head spiculose or nodulose, at least on the ventral surface
…..2
–
Head without spicules or nodules
…..9
2
SIPH very markedly inflated, with swollen part3.7-4.8 × thicker than the narrow cylindrical basal part, and a narrowly constricted subapical region with polygonal reticulation
Dorsum almost entirely dark sclerotic. SIPH entirely dark. longest hairs on ANT III 1.0-1.4 × BD III. ANT III with 4-14 rhinaria, usually extending onto distal half
Dorsum with or without dark markings, but not entirely dark sclerotic. SIPH pale, or only dark towards apices. ANT III with 0-5 rhinaria, if present they are only on basal part. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.2-0.8 × BD III
…..4
4
Dorsal abdomen with a large distinctive roughly U-shaped black patch, and thoracic tergites with black cross-bands or paired elongate patches
Dorsal abdominal markings if present not in such a distinctive pattern
…..5
5
SIPH smooth, cylindrical over most of length with distal c.0.2 narrower; dark subapically, with 1-3 rows of polygonal reticulation. Dorsum with variably developed dark sclerotic markings on thorax and ABD TERG 3-4, and dark postsiphuncular sclerites. ANT VI entirely dark
SIPH imbricated, tapering, cylindrical or slightly clavate, without any clearly defined subapical reticulation. Dorsum pale or with only intersegmental dark markings. ANT VI pale
…..6
6
Dorsum witha pattern of dark intersegmental markings. SIPH coarsely imbricated, with a slight “S” curve. ANT PT/BASE 1.7-2.8
Dorsum pale or with scattered dark markings. Spiracular apertures reniform
….10
10
SIPH markedly clavate. Secondary rhinaria usually present on ANT IV (-V) as well as III
…..11
–
SIPH tapering/cylindrical. Secondary rhinaria absent, or only on ANT III
…..12
11
Cauda not longer than its basal width. Secondary rhinaria mainly on distal part of ANT III and on IV. Dorsal abdominal hairs not arising from projections
ANT tubercles well-developed, divergent. R IV with 16-40 accessory hairs. Marginal tubercles (MTu) present on ABD TERG 2-5, but not on 1 and 7. ANT III with secondary rhinaria
…..13
–
ANT tubercles weakly developed. R IV usually with 2 accessory hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu. ANT III usually without rhinaria
…..14
13
Longest frontal hairs 0.7-1.0 × BD III. R IV with 18-24 accessory hairs. ANT III with 3-12 secondary rhinaria
SIPH less than 0.24 × BL. ANT III(-V) mainly pale, paler than ANT I-II
…..16
16
Cauda dark with 11-24 hairs. Dorsal abdomen usually with dark cross-bands on ABD TERG 7 and 8 and some dark markings anterior to SIPH. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.8-3.4 × BD III
Cauda pale or dark with 4-8 hairs. Dorsal abdomen usually without dark markings, sometimes with a cross-band on ABD TERG 8 only. Longest hair on ANT III 0.4-1.0 × BD III
…..17
17
SIPH and cauda similarly dark. R IV+V 1.35-1.9 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 1.6-2.5
…..18
–
SIPH dark, usually distinctly darker than the pale or dusky cauda. R IV+V 1.1-1.5 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 2.0-3.0
…..19
18
R IV+V 1.5-1.9 × HT II. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.5-1.0 × BD III. (Al. with secondary rhinaria distributed III 9-18, IV 2-6, V 0-2)
Thoracic spiracular
apertures much larger than abdominal ones. ANT PT/BASE 6.5-10. Dorsal abdomen
with paired, dark intersegmental markings, far apart between ABD TERG 1-4 but
nearer midline between ABD TERG 4-5 and 5-6
Thoracic spiracular apertures similar in size to abdominal ones, ANT
PT/BASE less than 6.5 and dorsal abdomen without intersegmental markings
spaced in that way
Following Quednau & Remaudière (1994b) and Nieto
Nafría et al. (1998), the two aphid
genera associated with Nothofagus are now placed in different subfamilies: the South American
genus Neuquenaphis (at least 14 species) in Spicaphidinae, and the
Australasian genus Taiwanaphis (subgenus Sensoriaphis; 5 or
more species) in Taiwanaphidinae.
Couplets 7 onwards have been revised following the work of Quednau & Remaudière (1994) and Nieto Nafría et al. (2019b). The apterae of Neuquenaphis michelbacheri and N. staryi, and the alatae of N. bulbicauda, N. neobulbicauda and N. similis, are unknown. The key will not necessarily work for fundatrices.
1
ANT PT/BASE clearly less than 1. Apt. with 2-8 backwardly directed finger-like processes on ABD TERG 6-8; such processes absent or much reduced on head, thorax and more anterior tergites, or in single marginal pairs only on ABD TERG 1-4
…..2
–
ANT PT/BASE equal to or greater than 1. Apt. either with long tapered finger-like processes on head and at least marginally on all abdominal tergites, or with such processes on ABD TERG 7 and 8 only
…..5
2
Apt. (fundatrix) with spinal processes on ABD TERG 8 fused at base to form a forked structure (fig. 62A). Al. with ANT III bearing 35-57 secondary rhinaria
ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. Apt. with marginal processes at least on ABD TERG 6 and 7, as well as the spinal processes on ABD TERG 8
…..4
4
Apt. with marginal as well as spinal processes on ABD TERG 8 (fig. 62C), and also with finger-like marginal tubercles on ABD TERG 1-4. Body broadly oval. Dorsal abdomen (both apt. and al.) with small dark markings but mainly unsclerotised
Apt. with marginal processes only well developed on ABD TERG 7 (fig. 62D), or 6 and 7. Body narrowly oval, apt. and al. both with transverse dark sclerotic bars
Head of apt. without any finger-like processes. ABD TERG 7 with 2 pairs of finger-like processes, and ABD TERG 8 with 1 pair (fig. 62E). Al. without finger-like abdominal processes, and with ANT PT/BASE less than 2
Head of apt. with 1-2 pairs of finger-like processes, and ABD TERG 1-8 all with at least marginal processes. If al. is entirely lacking finger-like abdominal spinal processes then ANT PT/BASE is more than 4
…..6
6
Head of apt. with 1 pair of long, finger-like processes (fig. 62G); abdomen with spinal processes much reduced or absent, and marginal processes on each segment comprising 1 long pair, plus 1 (submarginal) pair 0.3-0.5 as long. Al. with all abdominal spinal processes much reduced (not longer than their basal widths), or absent
Head of apt. with at least 2 pairs of long processes; abdomen with spinal as well as marginal processes long and finger-like. Al. with thin, finger-like ot rod-shaped spinal processes at least on ABD TERG 1-3
…..7
7
Apt. with 2 pairs of finger-like processes on front of head between antennal bases, well separated at their bases, as well as 2 more posterior pairs between eyes (e.g. fig. 62H). ABD TERG 7 with 6-8 processes (e.g. fig. 62F). Al. with ANT PT/BASE less than 2. Cauda with the knob either almost spherical, or rounded with a conical apex (heart-shaped)
…..8
–
Apt. with 1 pair of finger-like processes on front of head between antennal bases (or if with a second pair then these are much shorter and imperfectly separated at their bases from the first pair), as well as 0-2 more posterior pairs between eyes. ABD TERG 7 with 4-6 processes. Al. with ANT PT/BASE greater than 2. Cauda with an ellipsoid or tapering knob, clearly longer than its maximum width
…..9
8
Cauda of apt. with knob a little broader than long, with a broadly rounded apex. Dorsal processes of apt. arising from rounded dark sclerites (fig. 62I) that coalesce into transverse bars on ABD TERG 6 and 7. Al. with forewing veins mostly unbordered
Cauda of apt. rounded basally but with an abruptly conical apex, making it cordate or heart- shaped in dorsal view and a little longer than its maximum width (fig. 62F). Dorsal processes of apt. not arising from round sclerites. Al. with all forewing veins strongly bordered with fuscous
Posterior part of head between eyes with 4 finger-like processes in a tranverse row. Prothorax with a pair of anterior pleural processes. ANT VI BASE with 1 hair. ANT PT/ BASE often less than 1.5
…..11
–
Posterior part of head between eyes with 1 pair of finger-like processes (the external pair absent), or sometimes without any. Prothorax without anterior pleural processes, or with these much reduced. ANT VI BASE with 2-3 hairs. ANT PT/BASE usually more than 1.5
…..12
11
Ventral side of head with many hairs. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-5 about 76 μm long. ABD TERG 7 with 6 processes
Ventral side of head with only 2 hairs (apart from the 2 frontal pairs). Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-5 about 150 μm long. ABD TERG 7 with 4 processes
ANT PT/BASE 1.5-1.9. Dorsal abdominal processes arising from pigmented irregular sclerotic bars and patches (fig. 62J). R IV+V with 7-12 accessory hairs
Antennae 0.6-1.5× BL, but if more than 1.3 × BL then apical hairs on finger-like processes are blunt or pointed. ANT III with 3-16 hairs along the inner side
…..15
15
Antennae 0.6-1.1 × BL
…..16
–
Antennae 0.9-1.5 × BL, but if less than 1.1 × BL (ramirezi) then dorsal abdominal processes arise from irregularly shaped pigmented sclerites
…..17
16
Abdomen with submarginal processes on ABD TERG 1-4 and 7. Knob of cauda often only 1.5 × longer than its maximum width, and bearing 25-30 hairs. Embryo without marginal processes on mesothorax
Abdominal submarginal processes developed sporadically or absent. Knob of cauda often extended apically and 1.5-2.0 × its maximum width, with 30-40 hairs. Embryo with marginal processes on mesothorax
Abdomen with dorsal abominal processes arising from more-or-less pigmented sclerites. R IV+V 1.5–1.9 × its basal width and 0.7–0.9 × HT II. Cauda with 17–33 hairs
Abdomen without dorsal sclerites, pale. R IV+V 0.9–1.4 × its basal width and less than 0.7 × HT II. Cauda with 27-66 hairs
…..18
18
Apical hairs on finger-shaped spinal processes of ABD TERG 1-4 blunt and 10-18 µm long. Prothorax usually with a wart-shaped process on anterior part of the posterio-lateral bulge, and with both pleural and submarginal wart-shaped processes. R IV+V 0.9-1.25 × its basal width
Apical hairs on finger-shaped spinal processes of ABD TERG 1-4 pointed, lancet-shaped and and 7-10 µm long. Prothorax usually without a wart-shaped process on the anterior part of the posterio-lateral bulge, and sometimes with one anterior submarginal wart-shaped process. R IV+V 1.1-1.45 × its basal width
Fore femora not distinctly thicker than mid- and hind femora, and without a subapical tooth on the ventral side. Meso- and metanotum each often with a pair of processes that are 2-3 times longer than wide, and ABD TERG 1-7 with distinct pleural processes, often longer than their midlength widths. Siphunculi with only 4-6 rows of polygonal cells
Fore femora distinctly thicker than mid- or hind femora, with a subapical tooth on ventral side. Meso- and metanotum without processes, at most with hairs arising from elevated or mammariform bases. ABD TERG 1-7 without pleural processes. Siphunculi with 7-15 rows of polygonal cells
…..20
20
ANT PT/BASE 2.0-3.2. ANT III with 7-30 rhinaria. R IV+V with 7-12 accessory hairs
ANT PT/BASE 3.2-5.8. ANT III with 2-16 rhinaria. R IV+V with 3-8 accessory hairs
…..21
21
R IV+V more than 1.2 × its basal width. Pigmented ring around ocelli only slightly darker than rest of head. ANT PT/BASE less than 5.0
…..22
–
R IV+V less than 1.2 × its basal width. Pigmented ring around ocelli much darker than rest of head. ANT PT/BASE 4.7–8.8, usually more than 5.0
…..24
22
Forewing veins mostly unbordered, except for Cu1b, with only small spots at ends of veins. Antennae 1.2-1.5 × BL. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-3 pigmented, arising from pigmented sclerites. ANT III with 3-9 rhinaria
Forewing veins more-or-less fuscous-bordered with conspicuous dark triangles at ends of most veins. Antennae 1.4-1.7 × BL. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-3 pale and mostly arising from unpigmented or only very weakly pigmented sclerites. ANT III with either 2-4 or 8-16 rhinaria
…..23
23
ANT III dark-pigmented in middle, with 8-16 rhinaria
ANT PT/BASE 5.5-8.8. ABD TERG 1-3 each with a pair of hair-bearing long finger-like processes, but spinal hairs on ABD TERG 4-5, and marginal and submarginal hairs on ABD TERG 1-5, are at most only on slight elevations
ANT PT/BASE 4.8-5.8. ABD TERG 1-3 each with a pair of hair-bearing long finger-like processes, but spinal hairs on ABD TERG 4-5, and many of marginal and submarginal hairs on ABD TERG 1-5, arise from rod-like, conical or tubercular processes, at least some of which are longer than their basal widths
SIPH clavate (with narrowest section on basal half). Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spinules arranged in polygons, with 1-3 spicules in the centre of each polygon