[Both the species named are small aphids (BL 1.0-1.6 mm) of the
taxonomically difficult A. frangulae group
normally associated with species in other genera of Lamiaceae. It is possible
that the records from Micromeria are
of (an)other undescribed species.]
–
Cauda pale.Total rostrum length (from base of
protractor apodeme) 0.32-0.41 mm. ANT PT/BASE2.0-3.2. SIPH 0.9-1.9 × cauda
…..Aphis brunellae
–
Cauda
dark. Total rostrum length 0.24-0.33 mm. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.5. SIPH 0.5-1.3 × cauda
Body elongate oval, sclerotic dorsally, with a crenulate margin due to a continuous fringe of wax glands. SIPH as pores with raised rims. Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed
…..Aleurodaphis mikaniae
–
Body oval or
spindle-shaped, BL usually more than 1.5 mm, without a marginal fringe of wax
glands. SIPH tubular. Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped, anal plate entire
…..2
2
Head, ANT I, II and basal
part of III very pale, contrasting with dark rest of ANT. SIPH dark,
0.24-0.40 × BL, about twice as long as the much paler cauda
.….Aphis
coreopsidis
–
Head and antennae
differently pigmented. SIPH and cauda pale or dark
…..3
3
Head dark and densely
spiculose at least on ventral surface, with well-developed, steep-sided ANT
tubercles. SIPH dark, and femora mainly dark
SIPHslightly swollen on distal part. ANT, legs, SIPH and cauda all mainly or entirely dark. Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spicules arranged in polygons
…..Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae
–
SIPH not swollen distally
and/or other characters do not apply
…..2
2
Head nodulose with both median
frontal tubercle and ANT tubercles well developed, so that front of head is
W-shaped in dorsal view. Cauda with broad basal part and distinctly narrower
distal part
…..Myzodium mimulicola
–
Head smooth or spiculose.
ANT tubercles and median frontal tubercle not both well developed. Cauda not
as above
…..3
3
ANT tubercles weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal
tubercles (MTu)
…..4
–
ANT tubercles
well-developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
…..6
4
SIPH and caudadark
…..Aphis fabae
–
SIPH and cauda pale
…..5
5
R IV+V with 5-9 accessory hairs. SIPH 1.4-1.9 × cauda. ANT PT/BASE
1.8-2.3
…..Aphis costalis
–
R IV+V with 2 accessory hairs. SIPH 0.7-0.9 × cauda. ANT PT/BASE 1.3-1.7
…..Aphis mimuli
6
Spiracular apertures on
pro- and metathorax much larger than those on abdomen (which are partially
covered by cowl-like opercula). R IV+V 1.4-3.5 × HT II and bearing 8-30
accessory hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 1.1-1.5 × BD III. ANT III with 6-26
rhinaria on thickened basal part
…..7
–
Thoracic spiracular
apertures not much larger than abdominal ones. R IV+V usually shorter and
less hairy, and ANT III usually with shorter hairs and fewer or no rhinaria
ANT PT/BASE less than 1.8. Head with ANT tubercles undeveloped, ABD TERG 1 and 7 with large marginal tubercles (MTu). R IV+V with 4-7 accessory hairs.
…..Aphis neomonardae
–
ANT PT/BASE more than
1.7. If ANT tubercles are
undeveloped and ABD TERG 1 and 7 have MTu then R IV+V has only 2 accessory hairs
…..2
2
ANT tubercles well
developed with inner faces apically convergent, or bearing apically
convergent processes. R IV+V 1.3-1.7 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 3.0-6.0. ANT III
without rhinaria. (Al. with secondary rhinaria on ANT IV)
…..3
–
Without that combination of characters, i.e. if ANT tuberclesare
well developed and apically convergent then
R IV+V is less than 1.3 × HT II and other characters do not all apply
One polyphagous aphid species, Aphis gossypii, is recorded from three Mosla spp.; M. dianthera (= M. formosana), M. japonica and M. scabra (= M. punctulata).
Cauda very broadly
rounded, not evident. SIPH short and conical, 0.03-0.04 × BL. Abdomen with
dark cross-bands on ABD TERG (4-) 5-8
…..Brachycaudus rumexicolens
–
Cauda tongue- or
finger-shaped. SIPH longer, more than 0.1 × BL. Abdomen without or with
different dark markings
…..2
2
Head with medianfrontal
process well-developed, scabrous, rounded. Femora black except at bases. SIPH
and cauda both black, cauda bearing 8-11 hairs. R IV+V 0.8-1.0 × HT II
Ocular tubercle
(triommatidium) evident as a projection behind compound eye
…..2
2
Cauda pale/dusky, SIPH
pale or dark. Dorsal abdomen without dark sclerotisation anterior to SIPH
…..3
–
Cauda and SIPH both dark.
Dorsal abdomen usually with some dark sclerotisation anterior to SIPH
…..4
3
SIPH 0.6-0.82 × cauda,
dark and slightly swollen distally, with a constriction proximal to the
well-developed flange. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu).
Genital plate with 6-13 hairs on posterior part
…..Hyadaphis coriandri
–
SIPH 1.0-1.2 × cauda,
mainly pale, tapering, with no subapical constriction and a small flange. ABD
TERG 1 and 7 with large MTu. Genital plate often without any hairs on
posterior part
…..Aphis paravanoi
4
ABD TERG 1-4 (but not 7) with large dome-like MTu. SIPH at most 0.5 ×
cauda
…..Aphis vurilocensis
–
MTu always present on ABD
TERG 1 and 7, rarely with small papilliform tubercles on 2-4. SIPH 0.6-1.5 ×
cauda
…..5
5
Longest hairs on ANT III
5-13 μm, and on ABD TERG 3 4-20
μm long. Dorsal abdomen unsclerotised or with only small sclerotic
areas. Cauda triangular
…..Aphis martinez
–
Longest hairs on ANT III
10-35 μm, and on ABD TERG 3 13-40 μm long. Dorsal abdomen with
variably developed, often extensive sclerotisation. Cauda finger-like
…..6
6
Longest hairs on ANT III
10-20 μm, much shorter than BD III, on ABD TERG 3 13-28 μm, and on
ABD TERG 8 13-45 μm long. Cauda rather thin, with 4-10 hairs
…..Aphis
roberti
–
Longest hairs on ANT III
and ABD TERG 3 are 30-35 μm, as long as or longer than BD III, and
longest hair on ABD TERG 8 is 50-60 μm long. Cauda with 8-14 hairs
…..7
7
ANT PT/BASE 1.5-1.8. SIPH more than 4 × longer than their width at midlength, and 1.3-1.5 × cauda. Cauda 0.27-0.32 mm long, with 10-14 hairs
…..Aphis mulini
–
ANT
PT/BASE 0.9-1.2. SIPH and cauda both rather short and thick; SIPH less than 3
× longer than their width at midlength, and 0.8-1.1 × cauda. Cauda 0.17-0.20
mm long, with 8-10 hairs
Head with a pair of
forwardly-directed horns between ANT bases. Eyes 3-faceted. Marginal wax
glands evident. SIPH as pores
…..2
–
No frontal horns. Eyes
multifaceted. No evident wax glands. SIPH tubular
…..3
2
Body dorso-ventrally flattened, almost circular, wholly sclerotic with
a continuous crenulate margin of wax glands. Head fused with 3 thoracic
tergites, and ABD TERG 1-7 fused
…..Cerataphis brasiliensis
–
Body not dorso-ventrally flattened, pear-shaped, not sclerotic, with marginal wax glands divided into segmental groups. Head fused with prothorax, other tergites free
…..Astegopteryx styracophila
3
SIPH and femora covered with irregular,
transverse rows of spicules. ANT PT/BASE 5.8-8.1. (Alata with dark-bordered
wing veins, with radius and media fused for part of lengths to form a closed
cell behind the pterostigma)
…..Pentalonia nigronervosa
–
SIPH and femora smooth or
imbricated, not markedly spiculose. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-5.8. (Alata with normal
wing venation, veins not dark-bordered)
…..4
4
Cauda helmet-shaped, a
little shorter than its basal width
…..5
–
Cauda tongue-shaped,
longer than its basal width in dorsal view
…..6
5
SIPH pale, smooth, with a
marked subapical annular incision. Spiracular apertures large and rounded.
Spinal tubercles (STu) absent
…..Brachycaudus helichrysi
–
SIPH dark, imbricated, without
a subapical incision. Spiracular apertures reniform. Spinal tubercles (STu)
present on head and ABD TERG 8, or 7 and 8
…..Dysaphis tulipae
6
Dorsal cuticle with a
reticulate pattern of spicules. SIPH cylindrical on basal part, slightly
swollen on distal part, with a smooth constricted subapical region
…..7
–
Dorsal cuticle without
spicules, or with spiculosity localised, not forming a reticulate pattern.
SIPH tapering on basal part, and tapering, cylindrical or swollen on distal
part, without a smooth constricted subapical region
…..10
7
ANT PT/BASE less than 3.
Body rather elongate
…..Rhopalosiphum maidis
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 3.
Body oval
…..8
8
ANT usually 5-segmented, with long hairs. ANT PT usually distinctly
curved, and longer than ANT III (or III + IV together if ANT is 6-segmented)
…..Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale
–
ANT 5- or 6-segmented,
with short hairs. ANT PT usually straight and shorter than ANT III + IV (or
III alone if ANT 5-segmented)
…..9
9
ANT PT/BASE 3.0-3.9. SIPH less than 3 × longer than width at
midlength, 1.1-1.6 × cauda
…..Rhopalosiphum musae
–
ANT PT/BASE 4.3-5.0. SIPH more than 3 × longer than width at midlength, 1.8-2.4 × cauda
…..Rhopalosiphum enigmae
10
SIPH black with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, 2.0-2.2 × cauda. Dorsal abdomen with a dark irregular central sclerite. ANT III-VI entirely dark
…..Sitobion sp. on Ensete ventricosum (Ethiopia, BMNH collection, leg. T. Abate)
–
Without that combination
of characters
…..11
11
SIPH pale, tapering/cylindrical, without
swelling or subapical polygonal reticulation. ANT III with 1-3 rhinaria near
base. Head cuticle smooth with ANT tubercles divergent, and median frontal
tubercle evident
Dorsum with black
sclerotisation. SIPH pale or dark, imbricated, 1.7-3.6 × cauda
…..3
3
ANT III with 4-11 rhinaria.
R IV+V 0.135-0.175 mm. Dorsal shield with a distinct pattern of spinulose
imbrications
…..Brachycaudus jacobi
–
ANT IIIwithout rhinaria (except in
alatiform specimens). R IV+V (0.175-) 0.18-0.24 mm. Dorsal shield almost
smooth or with indistinct imbrications
…..4
4
SIPH pale or dusky.
Conspicuous flat marginal tubercles (MTu) usually present on all segments
from pronotum to ABD TERG 7, and spinal tubercles (STu) on pronotum and ABD
TERG 7 and 8
…..Brachycaudus bicolor
–
SIPH dark. MTu absent or present
on ABD TERG 2-4 only, if present then small and inconspicuous, and STu
usually absent
…..Brachycaudus cardui
5
SIPH with a subapical
zone of polygonal reticulation (at least 4-5 rows of closed cells). ANT
tubercles well-developed, with inner faces smooth and divergent
…..6
–
SIPH without subapical
polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles if well developed then with inner faces
steep-sided, and scabrous or spiculose
…..7
6
Longest hair on ABD TERG 8 is 38-63 μm, 0.6-1.4 × ANT BD III.
Anterior half of subgenital plate usually (77%) with only 2 hairs (18% with
3, 5% with 4-6 hairs)
…..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
–
Longest hair on ABD TERG
8 is 66-106 μm, 1.4-2.0 × ANT BD III. Anterior half of subgenital plate
with 2-11 hairs, usually (77%) with 4-8 hairs
…..Macrosiphum gei
7
SIPH pale or dark,
tapering or cylindrical, or if swollen on distal part then they are less than
0.82 × ANT III
…..8
–
SIPH slightly swollen on distal part and more than 0.83 × ANT III
…..9
8
ANT PT/BASE 1.1-1.8. SIPH 0.7-1.3 × cauda
…..Aphis triglochinis
–
Without that combination
of characters; if ANT PT/BASE less than 1.9 then SIPH more than 1.3 × cauda
Hairs on inner sides of
ANT tubercles mostly pointed, the longest 0.75-1.0 × ANT BD III. SIPH
0.84-1.09 × ANT III, and 0.17-0.20 × BL. (Al. with (0-) 2-5 sec. rhinaria on
ANT IV and 0-2 on V)
…..Myzus myosotidis
–
Hairs
on inner sides of ANT tubercles all short and blunt, the longest 0.3-0.6 × BD
III. SIPH 1.0-1.6 × ANT III, and 0.20-0.28 × BL. (Al. without sec. rhinaria
on ANT IV or V)
Aptera aleyrodiform; black, strongly sclerotized, with legs and antennae concealed beneath
…..Parathoracaphis cheni
–
Aptera of normal aphid form, with
well-developed legs and antennae
…..2
2
BL
more than 4.5 mm. SIPH as large pores on broad dark hairy cones. ANT PT/BASE less
than 1
…..Longistigma
caryae
–
BL less than 3.5 mm. SIPH tubular or conical. ANT
PT/BASE more than 1
…..3
3
SIPH tubular, with numerous long hairs
…..Greenidea myricae
–
SIPH tubular or conical, without hairs
…..4
4
SIPH
in form of short truncated cones. Cauda with a constriction, and anal plate
bilobed
…..5
–
SIPH tubular, tapering, cylindrical or swollen on
distal half. Cauda finger-like, without a constriction, and anal pale entire
…..6
5
(All viviparae are
alatae.) ANT shorter than body, with
ANT PT/BASE less than 2. Head and thorax with longitudinal black stripes, and
abdomen with paired dark segmental patches. Tibiae with similar pigmentation
to distal parts of femora
…..Myzocallis myricae
–
(Apterae or alatae.)ANT longer than body, with ANT PT/BASE more than 2.
Dorsum without a pattern of dark markings. Tibiae black, contrasting with
paler femora
…..Calaphis myricae
6
SIPH clearly swollen on distal half, with polygonal
reticulation distal to swelling
…..7
–
SIPH tapering or cylindrical on distal half,
sometimes flared at apex (or, if clearly swollen on distal half then without
subapical reticulation)
…..9
7
First tarsal segments with 5 hairs
…..Illinoia azaleae
–
First tarsal segments with 3 hairs (occasionally
with 4, but never 5)
…..8
8
SIPH
dark over most or whole of length, with a small flange. HT II only 0.07-0.10
mm long
…..Illinoia borealis
–
SIPH pale or dusky, or only dark at apices, with a
well-developed flange. HT II 0.10-0.14 mm long
…..Illinoia
canadensis
9
ANT III with 3-5 rhinaria
on basal part, and ANT PT/BASE less than 4.2. ANT tubercles are
well-developed, their inner faces smooth and divergent
…..Acyrthosiphon lobkovae (or A. myricae?)
–
Without that combination of characters; if ANT III
has rhinaria on basal part and ANT tubercles are well-developed with smooth
divergent inner faces then ANT PT/BASE is more than 4.5
BL 5.0-5.5 mm.HT II elongated, c. 0.4 × length of
hind tibia
…..Eotrama bazarovi
–
BL less than 3 mm. HT II
of normal length, less than 0.25 × hind tibia
…..2
2
ANT usually 5-segmented,
0.3-0.4 × BL, with ANT PT/BASE 0.9-1.6. SIPH as small, short cones, with an
annular subapical constriction and a large flange. Cauda rounded, about half
as long as its basal width
…..Neomariaella lambersi
–
Without the above
combination of characters
…..3
3
ANT PT/BASE less than 1. SIPH about as long as their basal widths,
0.2-0.6 × cauda
…..Brachyunguis harmalae
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 1. SIPH much longer than their basal widths,
longer than cauda
…..4
4
ABD TERG 2-5 as well as 1
and 7 regularly with marginal tubercles (MTu). SIPH thick basally and curved
outwards towards the much narrower apex
…..Aphis ishkovi*
–
MTu only constantly on ABD TERG 1 and 7, sporadically on 2-4. SIPH
rather straight and not much thicker at base than apex
Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spinules arranged in polygons, with 1-3 spicules in the centre of each polygon. Head smooth with ANT tubercles weakly developed, SIPH clavate
…..Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae
–
Dorsal cuticle without spinules arranged in polygons, and other
characters not in this combination
ABD TERG 8 with a
posteriorly projecting process above cauda. SIPH clavate
…..2
–
No supracaudal process.
SIPH tapering/cylindrical
…..4
2
ANT PT/BASE 0.6-1.3. R IV+V usually without accessory
hairs …..Cavariella aegopodii
–
ANT PT/BASE1.4-2.0. R IV+V with 2 accessory
hairs
…..3
3
Length of supracaudal process at least 1.6 ×
maximum width of swollen part of SIPH. SIPH 0.98-1.10 × longer than head
width across (and including) eyes, and 6.7-9 × their maximum width on swollen
part. (Al. with a complete black band on ABD TERG 6)
…..Cavariella archangelicae
–
Length of supracaudal process less than 1.5 ×
maximum width of swollen part of SIPH. SIPH 0.8-1.0 (-1.07) head width across
eyes, and 5-7 × their maximum width on swollen part. (Al. with a pair of
roundish dark marks on ABD TERG 6)
…..Cavariella
konoi
4
Cauda helmet-shaped, a little shorter than
its basal width, Spinal tubercles (STu) present on head and ABD TERG 8, or 7
and 8, and marginal tubercles (MTu) on ABD TERG 1-5
…..Dysaphis crataegi
–
Cauda longer than its basal width. STu usually
absent, and MTu only ever regularly present on ABD TERG 1 and 7
…..5
5
Head dark withANT tubercles weakly developed. SIPH and cauda black. ABD TERG 1
and 7 always with marginal tubercles (MTu)
…..Aphis fabae
–
Head pale withANT tubercles well developed. SIPH and cauda mainly pale. ABD
TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
…..go
to key to apterae on Chaerophyllum, starting atcouplet 13
ANT PT/BASE more than 3. Anal plate entire, cauda tongue-shaped.
Body of aptera without hair-bearing processes
….. Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
–
ANT PT/BASE less than 1. Anal plate bilobed, cauda
elongate or oval with an apical knob. Body of apterae with numerous
hair-bearing processes
…..2
2
Aptera with 5-segmented antennae. Body with long
conical dorsal processes. ANT III of alata with 12-18 secondary rhinaria
almost in a row
…..Lizerius acunai
–
Aptera
with 6-segmented antennae and body (where known) with short club-shaped
processes (e.g. fig. 63B). ANT III of alata with 8-32 secondary
rhinaria
…..3
3
ANT III of alata
with 18-32 secondary rhinaria scattered over segment
…..Lizerius pichurim
–
ANT III of alata with 8-17 secondary rhinaria in a row
Although only these species are recorded from Neolitsea,
it seems probable that it may be colonised by other aphids which occur on Machilus
and Litsea. Lists and keys for those plant genera should therefore be
consulted.
Head spiculose or
nodulose, at least on the ventral surface
…..2
–
Head without spicules or
nodules
…..9
2
SIPH very markedly inflated, with swollen
part3.7-4.8 × thicker than the
narrow cylindrical basal part, and a narrowly constricted subapical region
with polygonal reticulation
…..Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon
–
SIPH tapering/cylindrical or only weakly swollen
…..3
3
Dorsum
almost entirely dark sclerotic. SIPH entirely dark. longest hairs on ANT III
1.0-1.4 × BD III. ANT III with 4-14 rhinaria, usually extending onto distal
half
…..Aulacorthum nepetifolii
–
Dorsum with or without
dark markings, but not entirely dark sclerotic. SIPH pale, or only dark
towards apices. ANT III with 0-5 rhinaria, if present they are only on basal
part. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.2-0.8 × BD III
…..4
4
Dorsal abdomen with a
large distinctive roughly U-shaped black patch, and thoracic tergites with
black cross-bands or paired elongate patches
…..Neomyzus circumflexus
–
Dorsal abdominal markings
if present not in such a distinctive pattern
…..5
5
SIPH smooth, cylindrical
over most of length with distal c.0.2 narrower; dark subapically, with 1-3
rows of polygonal reticulation. Dorsum with variably developed dark sclerotic
markings on thorax and ABD TERG 3-4, and dark postsiphuncular sclerites. ANT
VI entirely dark
…..Aulacorthum sclerodorsi
–
SIPH imbricated, tapering, cylindrical or slightly clavate, without
any clearly defined subapical reticulation. Dorsum pale or with only
intersegmental dark markings. ANT VI pale
…..6
6
Dorsum witha pattern of dark intersegmental
markings. SIPH coarsely imbricated, with a slight “S” curve. ANT PT/BASE
1.7-2.8
…..Myzus ornatus
–
Dorsum without dark
markings. SIPH moderately imbricated. ANT PT/BASE 2.8-7.6 …..7
7
SIPH slightly clavate. R
IV+V 0.9-1.0 × HT II. ANT 0.7-1.0 × BL
…..Myzus persicae
–
SIPH
tapering/cylindrical, with no trace of swelling. R IV+V 1.1-1.6 × HT II. ANT
1.1-1.5 × BL
…..8
8
ANT tubercles bearing
rounded processes that converge apically. ANT PT/BASE 5.2-7.6. ANT III
without rhinaria
…..Ovatus crataegarius
–
ANT tubercles with inner
faces almost parallel, without rounded processes. ANT PT/BASE 4.0-5.5. ANT
III almost always with 1-2 rhinaria near base
…..Aulacorthum solani
9
Dorsum
with an extensive black sclerotic shield. Spiracular apertures large and
rounded
…..Brachycaudus cerasicola
–
Dorsum pale or with
scattered dark markings. Spiracular apertures reniform
….10
10
SIPH
markedly clavate. Secondary rhinaria usually present on ANT IV (-V) as well
as III
…..11
–
SIPH
tapering/cylindrical. Secondary rhinaria absent, or only on ANT III
…..12
11
Cauda not longer than its basal width.
Secondary rhinaria mainly on distal part of ANT III and on IV. Dorsal
abdominal hairs not arising from projections
…..Eucarazzia elegans
–
Cauda c.2 × its basal
width. Secondary rhinaria evenly distributed over ANT III, IV and V. Dorsal
abdominal hairs arising from projections
…..Rhinariaphis tuberculata
12
ANT tubercles well-developed, divergent. R
IV with 16-40 accessory hairs. Marginal tubercles (MTu) present on ABD TERG
2-5, but not on 1 and 7. ANT III with secondary rhinaria
…..13
–
ANT tubercles weakly
developed. R IV usually with 2 accessory hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu.
ANT III usually without rhinaria
…..14
13
Longest frontal hairs 0.7-1.0 × BD III. R
IV with 18-24 accessory hairs. ANT III with 3-12 secondary rhinaria
…..Klimaszewskia altaica*
–
Longest frontal hairs
1.7-2.0 × BD III. R IV with 30-40 accessory hairs. ANT III with 5-26 (usually
10-18) secondary rhinaria
…..Klimaszewskia lophanthi*
14
SIPH pale, or only dark towards apices
…..Aphis nasturtii
–
SIPH entirely dusky/dark,
or sometimes paler on basal part in small specimens
…..15
15
SIPH 0.24-0.40 × BL. ANT III (except base) and ANT IV-VI dark,
contrasting with very pale head, ANT I, II and base of III
…..Aphis coreopsidis
–
SIPH less than 0.24 × BL.
ANT III(-V) mainly pale, paler than ANT I-II
…..16
16
Cauda dark with 11-24 hairs. Dorsal abdomen usually with dark
cross-bands on ABD TERG 7 and 8 and some dark markings anterior to SIPH. Longest
hairs on ANT III 0.8-3.4 × BD III
…..Aphis fabae
–
Cauda pale or dark with
4-8 hairs. Dorsal abdomen usually without dark markings, sometimes with a
cross-band on ABD TERG 8 only. Longest hair on ANT III 0.4-1.0 × BD III …..17
17
SIPH
and cauda similarly dark. R IV+V 1.35-1.9 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 1.6-2.5
…..18
–
SIPH dark, usually
distinctly darker than the pale or dusky cauda. R IV+V 1.1-1.5 × HT II. ANT
PT/BASE 2.0-3.0
…..19
18
R IV+V 1.5-1.9 × HT II. Longest hairs on
ANT III 0.5-1.0 × BD III. (Al. with secondary rhinaria distributed III 9-18,
IV 2-6, V 0-2)
…..Aphis clinepetae*
–
R IV+V 1.35-1.55 × HT II.
Longest hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.5 × BD III. (Al. with secondary rhinaria
distributed III 4-7, IV 0-4, V 0-3)
…..Aphis narzikulovi*
19
(Al. with sec. rhinaria present on ANT IV
(-V); distributed III 11-30, IV 3-12, V 0-6) …..20
–
(Al. usually with sec.
rhinaria distributed III 3-13, IV 0(-3), V 0)
…..21
20
ANT PT 2.1-2.6 × R IV+V. (Al. with rhinaria distributed III 11-14, IV
3-7, V 0-4)
…..Aphis frangulae (part – see text)
–
ANT PT 1.4-1.7(-2.0) × R IV+V. (Al. with rhinaria distributed III 22-30, IV 6-12, V 2-6)
…..Aphis sp. (Lebanon, BMNH collection, leg. D. Hille Ris Lambers)
21
(Al with rhinaria distributed III 3-13, IV
0-5, V 0)
…..Aphis frangulae (part) or
gossypii
–
(Al. with rhinaria
distributed III 4-7, IV 0, V 0)
Thoracic spiracular
apertures much larger than abdominal ones. ANT PT/BASE 6.5-10. Dorsal abdomen
with paired, dark intersegmental markings, far apart between ABD TERG 1-4 but
nearer midline between ABD TERG 4-5 and 5-6
…..Nasonovia ribisnigri
–
Thoracic spiracular apertures similar in size to abdominal ones, ANT
PT/BASE less than 6.5 and dorsal abdomen without intersegmental markings
spaced in that way
Following Quednau & Remaudière (1994b) and Nieto
Nafría et al. (1998), the two aphid
genera associated with Nothofagus are now placed in different subfamilies: the South American
genus Neuquenaphis (at least 14 species) in Spicaphidinae, and the
Australasian genus Taiwanaphis (subgenus Sensoriaphis; 5 or
more species) in Taiwanaphidinae.
michelbacheri, palliceps, schlingeri, sensoriata, similis
N. pumilio
Neuquenaphis edwardsi, ramirezi, similis
N. solandri var. cliffortioides
Sensoriaphis
nothofagi
N. truncata = N. fusca var. colensoi
Key to aphids on Nothofagus:-
Couplets 7 onwards have been revised following the
work of Quednau & Remaudière (1994) and Nieto Nafría et al. (2019b). The apterae of Neuquenaphis michelbacheri and
N. staryi, and the alatae of N. bulbicauda, N. neobulbicauda and N.
similis, are unknown. The key will not necessarily work for
fundatrices.
1
ANT PT/BASE clearly less than 1. Apt. with 2-8
backwardly directed finger-like processes on ABD TERG 6-8; such processes
absent or much reduced on head, thorax and more anterior tergites, or in
single marginal pairs only on ABD TERG 1-4
…..2
–
ANT PT/BASE equal to or greater than 1. Apt. either
with long tapered finger-like processes on head and at least marginally on
all abdominal tergites, or with such processes on ABD TERG 7 and 8 only
…..5
2
Apt.
(fundatrix) with spinal processes on ABD TERG 8 fused at base to form a
forked structure (fig. 62A). Al. with ANT III bearing 35-57
secondary rhinaria
…..Sensoriaphis furcifera
–
Apt. with spinal processes on ABD TERG 8 separate.
Al. with ANT III bearing 9-20 secondary rhinaria
…..3
3
ANT PT/BASE more than 0.5. Apt. with only 1 pair of large
spinal processes on ABD TERG 8, marginal processes being undeveloped (fig. 62B)
…..Sensoriaphis niuginii
–
ANT
PT/BASE less than 0.5. Apt. with marginal processes at least on ABD TERG 6
and 7, as well as the spinal processes on ABD TERG 8
…..4
4
Apt.
with marginal as well as spinal processes on ABD TERG 8 (fig. 62C), and also with finger-like marginal
tubercles on ABD TERG 1-4. Body broadly oval. Dorsal abdomen (both apt. and
al.) with small dark markings but mainly unsclerotised
…..Sensoriaphis tasmaniae
–
Apt.
with marginal processes only well developed on ABD TERG 7 (fig. 62D), or 6
and 7. Body narrowly oval, apt. and al. both with transverse dark sclerotic
bars
…..Sensoriaphis nothofagi
5
Head
of apt. without any finger-like processes. ABD TERG 7 with 2 pairs of
finger-like processes, and ABD TERG 8 with 1 pair (fig. 62E). Al. without finger-like abdominal
processes, and with ANT PT/BASE less than 2
…..Neosensoriaphis parva
–
Head of apt. with 1-2 pairs of finger-like
processes, and ABD TERG 1-8 all with at least marginal processes. If
al. is entirely lacking finger-like abdominal spinal processes then ANT
PT/BASE is more than 4
…..6
6
Head of apt. with 1 pair of long, finger-like
processes (fig. 62G); abdomen with spinal processes much
reduced or absent, and marginal processes on each segment comprising 1 long
pair, plus 1 (submarginal) pair 0.3-0.5 as long. Al. with all abdominal
spinal processes much reduced (not longer than their basal widths), or absent
…..Neuquenaphis
schlingeri
–
Head of apt. with at least 2 pairs of long
processes; abdomen with spinal as well as marginal processes long and
finger-like. Al. with thin, finger-like ot rod-shaped spinal processes at
least on ABD TERG 1-3
…..7
7
Apt.
with 2 pairs of finger-like processes on front of head between antennal
bases, well separated at their bases, as well as 2 more posterior pairs
between eyes (e.g. fig. 62H). ABD TERG 7 with 6-8 processes (e.g.
fig. 62F). Al. with ANT PT/BASE less than 2. Cauda with the knob either
almost spherical, or rounded with a conical apex (heart-shaped)
…..8
–
Apt. with 1 pair of finger-like processes on front
of head between antennal bases (or if with a second pair then these are much
shorter and imperfectly separated at their bases from the first pair), as
well as 0-2 more posterior pairs between eyes. ABD TERG 7 with 4-6
processes. Al. with ANT PT/BASE greater than 2. Cauda with an ellipsoid
or tapering knob, clearly longer than its maximum width
…..9
8
Cauda
of apt. with knob a little broader than long, with a broadly rounded apex.
Dorsal processes of apt. arising from rounded dark sclerites (fig. 62I) that coalesce into transverse bars on
ABD TERG 6 and 7. Al. with forewing veins mostly unbordered
…..Neuquenaphis (Spicaphis) essigi
–
Cauda
of apt. rounded basally but with an abruptly conical apex, making it cordate
or heart- shaped in dorsal view and a little longer than its maximum width
(fig. 62F). Dorsal processes of apt. not arising from round sclerites. Al.
with all forewing veins strongly bordered with fuscous
…..Neuquenaphis
(Spicaphis) chilensis
9
Apterae (couplets 10-18 apply to apt. only)
…..10
–
Alatae (couplets 19-24 apply to al. only)
…..19
10
Posterior part of head between eyes with 4
finger-like processes in a tranverse row. Prothorax with a pair of anterior pleural
processes. ANT VI BASE with 1 hair. ANT PT/ BASE often less than 1.5
…..11
–
Posterior
part of head between eyes with 1 pair of finger-like processes (the external
pair absent), or sometimes without any. Prothorax without anterior pleural
processes, or with these much reduced. ANT VI BASE with 2-3 hairs. ANT
PT/BASE usually more than 1.5
…..12
11
Ventral side of head with many hairs. Spinal
processes on ABD TERG 1-5 about 76 μm long. ABD TERG 7 with 6 processes
…..Neuquenaphis
bulbicauda
–
Ventral
side of head with only 2 hairs (apart from the 2 frontal pairs). Spinal
processes on ABD TERG 1-5 about 150 μm long. ABD TERG 7 with 4 processes
…..Neuquenaphis neobulbicauda
12
ANT PT/BASE 1.5-1.9. Dorsal abdominal processes arising from pigmented irregular sclerotic bars and patches (fig. 62J). R IV+V with 7-12 accessory hairs
…..Neuquenaphis sensoriata
–
ANT PT/BASE 2.4-6.0. Dorsal abdomen pale or with varying pigmentation. R IV+V with 2-8 accessory hairs
…..13
13
R IV+V 0.08-0.09 mm long, shorter than or not more
than 1.1× its basal width. ANT PT/BASE 4.8-5.5 (but only 3.5-4.3 in
fundatrix)
…..Neuquenaphis palliceps
–
R
IV+V 0.09-0.12 mm long and 0.9-1.9 × its basal width. ANT PT/BASE 2.4-6.0,
usually less than 4.8
…..14
14
Antennae about 1.5× BL. Apical hairs on finger-like
processes have slightly fan-shaped apices. ANT III with about 20 hairs along
the inner side
…..Neuquenaphis
similis
–
Antennae 0.6-1.5× BL, but if more than 1.3 × BL then
apical hairs on finger-like processes are blunt or pointed. ANT III with 3-16
hairs along the inner side
…..15
15
Antennae 0.6-1.1 × BL
…..16
–
Antennae 0.9-1.5 × BL, but if less than 1.1 × BL (ramirezi)
then dorsal abdominal processes
arise from irregularly shaped pigmented sclerites
…..17
16
Abdomen with submarginal processes on ABD TERG 1-4
and 7. Knob of cauda often only 1.5 × longer than its maximum width, and
bearing 25-30 hairs. Embryo without marginal processes on mesothorax
…..Neuquenaphis
valdiviana
–
Abdominal submarginal processes developed
sporadically or absent. Knob of cauda often extended apically and 1.5-2.0 ×
its maximum width, with 30-40 hairs. Embryo with marginal processes on
mesothorax
…..Neuquenaphis edwardsi
17
Abdomen with dorsal abominal
processes arising from more-or-less pigmented sclerites. R IV+V 1.5–1.9 × its
basal width and 0.7–0.9 × HT II. Cauda with 17–33 hairs
…..Neuquenaphis
ramirezi
–
Abdomen
without dorsal sclerites, pale. R IV+V 0.9–1.4 × its basal width and less
than 0.7 × HT II. Cauda with 27-66 hairs
…..18
18
Apical
hairs on finger-shaped spinal processes of ABD TERG 1-4 blunt and 10-18 µm
long. Prothorax usually with a wart-shaped process on anterior part of the
posterio-lateral bulge, and with both pleural and submarginal wart-shaped
processes. R IV+V 0.9-1.25 × its basal width
…..Neuquenaphis
aurata
–
Apical
hairs on finger-shaped spinal processes of ABD TERG 1-4 pointed,
lancet-shaped and and 7-10 µm long. Prothorax usually without a wart-shaped
process on the anterior part of the posterio-lateral bulge, and sometimes
with one anterior submarginal wart-shaped process. R IV+V 1.1-1.45 × its
basal width
…..Neuquenaphis
blackmani
19
Fore femora not distinctly thicker than mid- and
hind femora, and without a subapical tooth on the ventral side. Meso- and
metanotum each often with a pair of processes that are 2-3 times longer than
wide, and ABD TERG 1-7 with distinct pleural processes, often longer than
their midlength widths. Siphunculi with only 4-6 rows of polygonal cells
…..Neuquenaphis valdiviana
–
Fore femora distinctly
thicker than mid- or hind femora, with a subapical tooth on ventral side.
Meso- and metanotum without processes, at most with hairs arising from
elevated or mammariform bases. ABD TERG 1-7 without pleural processes.
Siphunculi with 7-15 rows of polygonal cells
…..20
20
ANT
PT/BASE 2.0-3.2. ANT III with 7-30 rhinaria. R IV+V with 7-12 accessory hairs
…..Neuquenaphis sensoriata
–
ANT PT/BASE 3.2-5.8. ANT III with 2-16 rhinaria. R IV+V with 3-8 accessory hairs
…..21
21
R IV+V more than 1.2 × its
basal width. Pigmented ring around ocelli only slightly darker than
rest of head. ANT PT/BASE less than 5.0
…..22
–
R IV+V less than 1.2 × its
basal width. Pigmented ring around ocelli much darker
than rest of head. ANT PT/BASE 4.7–8.8, usually more than 5.0
…..24
22
Forewing veins mostly unbordered, except for Cu1b
, with only small spots at ends of veins. Antennae 1.2-1.5 × BL. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-3 pigmented,
arising from pigmented sclerites. ANT III with 3-9 rhinaria
…..Neuquenaphis
edwardsi
–
Forewing veins more-or-less fuscous-bordered with
conspicuous dark triangles at ends of most veins. Antennae 1.4-1.7 × BL.
Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1-3 pale and mostly arising from unpigmented or
only very weakly pigmented sclerites. ANT III with either 2-4 or 8-16 rhinaria
…..23
23
ANT III dark-pigmented in middle, with 8-16 rhinaria …..Neuquenaphis michelbacheri
–
ANT III entirely pale, with 2-4 rhinaria
…..
Neuquenaphis staryi
24
ANT PT/BASE 5.5-8.8. ABD
TERG 1-3 each with a pair of hair-bearing long finger-like processes, but
spinal hairs on ABD TERG 4-5, and marginal and submarginal hairs on ABD TERG
1-5, are at most only on slight elevations
….. Neuquenaphis palliceps
–
ANT PT/BASE 4.8-5.8. ABD TERG 1-3 each with a pair
of hair-bearing long finger-like processes, but spinal hairs on ABD TERG 4-5,
and many of marginal and submarginal hairs on ABD TERG 1-5, arise from
rod-like, conical or tubercular processes, at least some of which are longer
than their basal widths
SIPH clavate (with narrowest section on basal half). Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spinules arranged in polygons, with 1-3 spicules in the centre of each polygon
…..Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae
–
Without that combination
of characters.If SIPH are clavate
then dorsal cuticle does not have spinules arranged in polygons
…..2
2
SIPH with subapical
reticulation (at least 4-5 rows of closed polygonal cells). ANT tubercles
well-developed, smooth, with inner faces divergent
…..3
–
SIPH without subapical polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles not as
above