ANT PT peg-like, with ANT PT/BASEless than 0.25. SIPH absent
…..Smynthurodes betae
–
ANT PT/BASE more than
1.0. Tubular SIPH present
…..2
2
ANT tubercles undeveloped
or only weakly developed, not projecting forward beyond middle of head in
dorsal view
…..3
–
ANT tubercles well
developed, projecting forward far beyond middle of head, so there is a deep
frontal sinus
…..24
3
ABD TERG 8 with a
posteriorly projecting process above cauda
…..4
–
No supracaudal process
…..10
4
SIPH cylindrical /tapering, not clavate, or with only slight subapical
or basal swelling
…..5
–
SIPH clavate, or at least
somewhat swollen on distal part
…..7
5
ANT PT/BASEless than 2. Supracaudal
process usually shorter than ANT II (Fig.10h)
…..Cavariella japonica
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 2.
Supracaudal process usually longer than ANT II
…..6
6
ANT 6-segmented
….. Cavariella theobaldi
–
ANT 5-segmented
…..Cavariella angelicae
7
SIPH short and thick,
less than 5 × their maximum width (Fig.10a) …..Cavariella
salicicola
–
SIPH clavate (with narrow region on basal half), more than 5 × their
maximum width (e.g. Fig.10b)
…..8
8
ANT PT/BASE 0.6-1.3. R IV+V 0.7-0.9 (-1.1) × HT II, without accessory
hairs
…..Cavariella aegopodii
–
ANT PT/BASE 1.4-4.0. R
IV+V 1.0-1.2 × HT II, with 2 accessory hairs
…..9
9
ANT PT/BASE 2.6-4.0. SIPH smooth on basal
part. Cauda with 6-8 hairs
…..Cavariella pastinacae
–
ANT PT/BASE1.4-2.0. SIPH
imbricated throughout. Cauda with 4-6 hairs
…..Cavariella konoi
10
SIPH very small, thin and flangeless, about
0.5 × cauda, with aperture slanted towards midline
…..Semiaphis pastinacae
–
SIPH more than 0.75 ×
cauda, with a distinct flange
…..11
11
Cauda helmet-shaped, a little shorter than its
basal width in dorsal view. Head and ABD TERG 8 or 7-8 usually with spinal
tubercles (STu)
…..12
–
Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped, or triangular but
longer than or as long as its basal width. Head without, and ABD TERG 7-8
usually without, Stu
….16
12
SIPH
less than 2 × their basal diameters, with close-set rows of fine spinules. Cauda bearing 9-16 hairs. R
IV+V 0.24-0.37 mm, 1.3-1.8 × SIPH
…..Anuraphis
subterranea
–
SIPH more than 2 × longer
than their bsal diameters, with normal imbrication. Cauda bearing 4-8 hairs.
R IV+V 0.13-0.19 mm, 0.5-1.0 × SIPH
…..13
13
Longest hairs on ANT III fine-pointed,
30-63 μm, 1.2-1.7 × BD III
…..Dysaphis lauberti
–
Longest hairs on ANT III
6-23 μm, 0.4-1.0 × BD III
…..14
14
SIPH 4 or more × longer than their basal
diameters. Dorsal abdomen often with complete dark cross-bands on many or all
of ABD TERG 1-8
…..Dysaphis bonomii
–
SIPH less than 3.5 ×
longer than their basal diameters. Dorsal abdominal pigmentation never in
form of complete cross-bands on ABD TERG 1-5
…..15
15
Ventral hair on hind trochanter 0.24-0.56 × (rarely more than 0.5 ×)
width of trochantro-femoral suture (see Fig. 1). Longest
spinal hair on ABD TERG 8 is 11-38 μm long (rarely more than 30
μm). ABD TERG 7 frequently with marginal tubercles (MTu)
…..Dysaphis apiifolia
–
Ventral hair on hind
trochanter 0.42-1.00 × (rarely less than 0.5×) width of trochantro-femoral
suture. Longest spinal hair on ABD TERG 8 25-80 μm (rarely shorter than
30 μm). ABD TERG 7 rarely with MTu
…..Dysaphis crataegi (incl. ssp. kunzei)
16
SIPH clavate. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without
marginal tubercles (MTu)
…..17
–
SIPH
tapering/cylindrical. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with Mtu
…..18
17
Prothorax with ventral sclerite 1.3-2.6 × wider than long, with posterior
margin often convex. SIPH 1.05-1.4 × cauda. (Alata often with secondary
rhinaria on ANT V)
…..Hyadaphis foeniculi
–
Prothorax with ventral sclerite 2.2-3.6 × wider than long, with
straight posterior margin. SIPH 0.85-1.2 × cauda (Alata rarely with secondary
rhinaria on ANT V)
…..Hyadaphis passerinii
18
Cauda bluntly triangular, hardly longer
than its basal width. SIPH less than 0.1 × BL, shorter than or as short as R
IV+V. ANT III and IV often with secondary rhinaria. ANT PT/BASE less than 2
…..Protaphis middletonii
–
Cauda tongue- or
finger-shaped, clearly longer than its basal width. SIPH 0.1-0.25 × BL,
longer than R IV+V. No secondary rhinaria (except when alatiform). ANT
PT/BASE usually more than 2
…..19
19
Cauda pale or dusky, distinctly paler than
SIPH, and bearing 4-8 hairs
…..Aphis gossypii
–
Cauda dark, as dark or
nearly as dark as SIPH, and bearing 7-31 hairs
…..20
20
ANT III 0.9-1.23 × cauda.ABD TERG 8 with 2 hairs, and usually
no dark cross-band. Cauda usually with a distinct midlength constriction, and
bearing 7-15 (mostly 8-12) hairs
…..Aphis
spiraecola
–
ANT III 1.25-2.8 × cauda. ABD TERG 8 with
(2-)3-11 hairs, usually on or just posterior to a dark cross-band. Cauda
usually without a constriction, and bearing 10-31 hairs
…..21
21
R IV+V 1.1-1.4 × HT II. MTu on ABD TERG 1 and 7 only. Anterior half
of subgenital plate with 2(-3) hairs. (ANT III of al. with 35-67 rather
tuberculate rhinaria)
…..Aphis decepta
–
R IV+V 0.8-1.4 × HT II, but if more than
1.1 × HT II then there are at least some MTu on ABD TERG 2-4. Anterior half
of subgenital plate with 2-14 hairs. (ANT III of al. with 7-33 rhinaria)
…..22
22
HT I with 3 hairs (sense peg present). ANT I dark, but ANT II pale
or dusky, concolorous with basal half of III. Dorsal
abdomen usually without any dark markings anterior to SIPH (except for dark
intersegmental muscle sclerites). ANT III 1.05-1.95 × PT, (1.6-) 2.0-4.0
(-5.0) × R IV+V, and 1.5-2.9(-2.8) × cauda. SIPH 1.5-2.9 × cauda. (Al. with
14-40 rhinaria on ANT III)
….. Aphis asclepiadis
–
HT I with 2 hairs (no sense peg). ANT I and II
both dark, contrasting with III. Dorsal abdomen usually with some dark
markings anterior to SIPH (in addition to dark intersegmental muscle
sclerites). ANT III 0.65-1.3 × PT, 1.2-2.6 (-3.0) × R IV+V and 1.2-1.6 (-1.9)
× cauda. SIPH 0.7-1.6 × cauda. ABD TERG 8 with 2-5(-7) hairs. (Al. with 10-23
rhinaria on ANT III)
…..23
23
ABD TERG 2-6 bearing a total of 0-3 small MTu.
Caudawith 11-24 hairs. ABD TERG 8
with 2-5(-7) hairs
…..Aphis
fabae
–
ABD TERG 2-6 bearing a total of 5-9 often rather
large MTu. Cauda with 20-31 hairs. ABD TERG 8 with 5-12 hairs
…..Aphis brohmeri
24
SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation. Cuticle of head
smooth, with inner faces of ANT tubercles divergent. ANT III with 1-7
rhinaria on basal half
…..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
–
Head without subapical
reticulation. Head spiculose, with inner faces of ANT tubercles scabrous and
apically convergent. ANT III without rhinaria
…..25
25
SIPH slightly clavate. ANT PT/BASE (2.8-)3.1-4.5. Dorsal abdomen
without dark inter-segmental markings
…..Myzus persicae
–
SIPH tapering with a slight “S”-curve. ANT PT/BASE 1.75-2.8. Dorsal abdomen with a
pattern of dark intersegmental markings
Marginal tubercles (MTu)
only constantly present on prothorax and ABD TERG 1 and 7. R IV+V 0.6-1.24 × HT
II
…..2
–
Large dome-like MTu
present on ABD TERG 2-4 (-5), as well as on prothorax and ABD TERG 1 and 7. R
IV+V 1.38-1.68 × HT II
…..5
2
SIPH and cauda mainly
pale. R IV+V 0.6-0.7 × HT II. Cauda with 3-6 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III
0.3-0.6 × BD III
…..Aphis patvaliphaga*
–
SIPH and cauda dark. R
IV+V 0.7-1.24 × HT II. Cauda with 7-17 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III
0.5-1.7 × BD III
…..3
3
R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II.
Hind femora mainly dark. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed sclerotic
dark markings
…..Aphis spiraephaga
–
R IV+V 0.95-1.24 × HT II.
Hind femora mainly pale. Dorsal abdomen never with dark sclerotic markings
…..4
4
R IV+V 0.95-1.1 × HT II. SIPH usually shorter than (0.66-1.02 ×) cauda
…..Aphis patriniphila*
–
R IV+V 1.01-1.24 × HT II. SIPH usually longer than (0.86-1.71 ×) cauda
…..Aphis spiraecola
5
Longest hairs on ANT III
12-18 μm long, 0.7-1.0 × BD III. Femoral hairs long and fine, up to c.
50 μm long, 2.5-3 × BD III and longer than basal diameter of hind femur.
Cauda with 6-10 hairs
…..Aphis patriniae
–
Longest hairs on ANT III and on femora 6-8 μm long, 0.3-0.5 × BD
III and much shorter than basal diameter of hind femur. Cauda with 4-6 hairs
Head smooth with inner faces of ANT tubercles
divergent. ANT III with 1-2 (-4) rhinaria. ANT III-VI, tibiae and SIPH wholly
dark, contrasting with pale cauda. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.11-0.16 of length
Cauda short and broad;
bluntly triangular, helmet- or broadly tongue-shaped, shorter than or only a
little longer than its basal width in dorsal view
…..2
–
Cauda either tongue- or finger-shaped
and longer than its basal width or, if short and triangular, then tapering to
apex and often with a slight midlength constriction
…..8
2
Dorsal cuticle of head densely spiculose. SIPH pale with rows of
spicules
…..Nearctaphis yohoensis
–
Dorsal cuticle of head
without spicules. SIPH pale or dark, smooth or with normal imbrication
…..3
3
SIPH smooth, with a
subapical annular incision. Spiracular apertures large and rounded. Spinal
and marginal tubercles (STu and MTu) not usually present
…..4
–
SIPH imbricated, without
a subapical annular incision. Spiracular apertures small and reniform. Some
STu and/or MTu always present
…..5
4
Dorsum with an extensive black shield. Longest hairs on ANT III
1.0-1.33 × BD III
…..Brachycaudus cerasicola
–
Dorsum pale. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.5-0.7 × BD III
…..Brachycaudus helichrysi
5
Head
with a pair of large STu. Well-developed MTu present on ABD TERG 1-5, or 1-7
…..6
–
Head without STu. MTu
present on ABD TERG 1-4 and 7, or 1 and 7
…..7
6
STu present on head only.SIPH less than 1.3 × cauda, and less
than half width of cauda at base
…..Dysaphis microsiphon
–
STu on all or most
segments. SIPH more than 1.5 × cauda, and more than half as thick as cauda at
base
…..Dysaphis emicis
7
Longest hairs on ANT III 2.2-2.3 × BD III. ABD TERG 8 with 5-7 hairs,
Cauda with 7-11 hairs. MTu present on ABD TERG 2-4 (-5) as well as 1 and 7
…..Aphis pediculariphaga*
–
Longest hairs on ANT III
0.8-1.0 × BD III. ABD TERG 8 with 2-3 hairs, Cauda with 4-8 hairs. MTu
usually only present on ABD TERG 1 and 7
…..Aphis septentrionalis*
8
Head spiculose, with
scabrous, steep-sided, rounded or convergent ANT tubercles
…..9
–
Head smooth or with a few
spicules ventrally. ANT tubercles either weakly developed or smooth and
divergent
…..14
9
ANT longer than BL, with
ANT PT/BASE 3.0-5.5
…..10
–
ANT 0.6-0.95 × BL, with
ANT PT/BASE 1.8-3.2 (-3.5)
…..11
10
Head without spicules dorsally, or with
very few. ANT III without rhinaria. Tergum sclerotic and variably pigmented, sometimes
with a dark central dorsal abdominal area. Cauda with 4-6 hairs
…..Ericaphis wakibae
–
Head densely spiculose
dorsally as well as ventrally. ANT III with 0-4 rhinaria near base (usuallly
1 or 2). Tergum unpigmented. Cauda with 7 hairs
…..Aulacorthum
solani
11
SIPH pale, 8-14 × longer than their
diameter at midlength, 0.65-1.3 × ANT III, normally imbricated, and slightly
swollen on distal half. ANT 0.7-1.0 × BL, with PT/BASE 2.7-4.5. (Imm. with
smooth hind tibiae)
…..12
–
SIPH dusky or dark, 3-9 ×
longer than their midlength diameters, 1-2 × ANT III, coarsely imbricated,
and not at all swollen distally. ANT 0.6-0.8 × BL with PT/BASE 1.8-3.3. (Imm.
with outer apices of hind tibiae spinulose)
…..13
12
SIPH 0.65-0.85 × ANT III,
8-11 × longer than their diameter at midlength.Hairs on front of head 0.6-0.9 × ANT BD III
…..Myzus sp. on P. densiflora, California
–
SIPH 1.0-1.3 × ANT III,
11-14 × longer than their diameter at midlength.Hairs on front of head 0.3-0.6 × ANT BD III
…..Myzus persicae
13
Tergum pale. SIPH
slightly swollen on basal part, 2.2-2.7 × cauda, and less than 5 × longer
than their width at midlength
…..Myzus padellus
–
Tergum with an extensive
dark sclerotic patch.SIPH
cylindrical, 2.7-3.3 × cauda, more than 6 × longer than their width at
midlength
…..Myzus cerasi
14
ANT III without rhinaria. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles
(MTu)
…..15
–
ANT III usually with 1 or
more rhinaria. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
ANT tubercles weakly
developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with well developed marginal tubercles (MTu).
Cauda bluntly triangular, shorter than or hardly longer than its basal width
in dorsal view, with 4-6 hairs. Often with large dark postsiphuncular
sclerites and dark cross bands on ABD TERG 6, 7 and 8 (broadest on 6)
…..2
–
Without that combination of characters; i.e., if ANT tubercles are weakly developed and ABD TERG 1 and 7 have well-developed MTu then cauda is either tongue-shaped and clearly longer than its
basal width, or bears more than 10 hairs
Dorsal hairs spatulate or
club-shaped (widening from base to rounded apex). R IV+V with a pointed apex
and concave lateral margins. SIPH cylindrical for most of length, slightly
swollen subapically. ANT PT/BASE 1.5-2.0
…..Coloradoa rufomaculata
–
Dorsal
hairs with pointed, blunt or slightly expanded apices. R IV+V with straight
or convex lateral margins, and other characters not in that combination
ANT tubercles weakly
developed, ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu …..2
–
ANT tubercles moderately
to well developed, ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
…..4
2
SIPH pale or only dark at
apices
…..Aphis nasturtii
–
SIPH entirely dark
…..3
3
ANT 5-segmented
…..Aphis egomae*
–
ANT 6-segmented (except in
hot-weather dwarfs)
…..Aphis gossypii
4
SIPH with a subapical
zone of reticulation (at least 4-5 rows of closed polygonal cells). Head
smooth, or with minute spinules only on ventral surface. Abdomen with or
without dark markings, but these not forming an extensive dorsal sclerotic
shield
…..5
–
SIPH without a distinct subapical zone of polygonal reticulation. Head usually spiculose both dorsally and ventrally. Dorsal abdomen with an extensive dusky/dark sclerotic shield
…..7
5
Abdomen with continuous
broad dark marginal stripes, united by a dark band across ABD TERG 6
…..Macrosiphum perillae
–
Abdomen without extensive
dark markings
…..6
6
ANT III with 1-7 rhinaria on basal half , ANT IV with 0. ANT PT/BASE
5.5-6.4
…..Sitobion aulacorthoides
–
ANT III with 4-15 rhinaria
distributed over whole length, and ANT IV with 0-4. ANT PT/BASE 4.8-5.5
Use key
to polyphagous aphids, but note that there are Aphis spp. on Periploca,
recorded from Ukraine and China, that could not be included in a key on the
basis of available information (Aphis
periplocophila would probably key to Aphis
gossypii).
Cauda semicircular to
helmet-shaped, shorter than its basal width in dorsal view. Spiracular
apertures large and rounded. SIPH shorter than R IV+V. ABD TERG 1 and 7
without marginal tubercles (MTu). Dorsal abdomen with an extensive black
sclerotic shield
…..Brachycaudus cerasicola
–
Cauda not helmet-shaped, spiracular apertures reniform and other
characters not in that combination
[Macrosiphum petasitis Matusumura
(nomen dubium)];
Myzus persicae, [varians]
P. kablikianus
Aphis
torquens; Aulacorthum
solani;
Uroleucon tussilaginis
P. niveus = P.
paradoxus
P. officinalis = P.
hybridus
P. palmatus = P.
frigidus var. palmatus
P. paradoxus
Brachycaudus
helichrysi; Capitophorus
similis
P. spurius
Anuraphis
farfarae; Brachycaudus
helichrysi;
Capitophorus similis; Chomaphis mira
P. tatewakianus
Aphis fukii, torquens
P. tomentosus
Chomaphis mira
P. tricholobus
Aphis
fukii; Aulacorthum
cirsicola;
Capitophorus takahashii; Myzus persicae
P. vulgaris
Brachycaudus
helichrysi
Petasites spp.
Aulacorthum kerriae; Myzus ascalonicus
Key
to apterae on Petasites:-
1
Dorsal hairs long and
thick with knobbed apices
…..2
–
Dorsal hairs not thick,
if long then with fine apices
…..3
2
ANT III with 1-4 (-5)
thick capitate hairs, c. 0.7-1.1 × BD III
…..Capitophorus similis
–
ANT III with c. 6 thick
capitate hairs, longer than BD III
…..Capitophorus takahashii*
3
ANT tubercles undeveloped
or weakly developed
…..4
–
ANT tubercles well
developed, so that there is a deep frontal sinus
…..14
4
Cauda semicircular or
helmet-shaped, shorter than its basal width in dorsal view
…..5
–
Cauda tongue- or
finger-like, longer than its basal width in dorsal view
…..10
5
Prothorax with a pair of
very large marginal tubercles (MTu), up to twice the diameter of the compound
eye, and ABD TERG 1-5 also with very large MTu. SIPH long and flangeless,
more than 7 × cauda, and bearing some small pointed hairs
…..Chomaphis mira
–
Prothorax if with MTu
then these are smaller than compound eyes. ABD TERG 1-5 with or without MTu.
SIPH less than 5 × cauda, and without hairs
…..6
6
Cuticle of head densely
spinulose. ANT III with 12-30 secondary rhinaria distributed over most of
length, and ANT IV with 0-16
…..Cedoaphis maxsoni
–
Cuticle of head without
spinules. ANT III and IV without rhinaria, or if with rhinaria on ANT III
then they are restricted to basal half
…..7
7
Spinal tubercles (STu) present on head, prothorax and some of ABD TERG
1-8. Well-developed MTu
present on prothorax and ABD TERG 1-5
…..8
–
STu and MTu absent, or
rarely present on 1-2 segments
…..9
8
ANT IIIwith 6-19 rhinaria
clustered near base. ABD TERG 8 without STu. SIPH with very close-set rows of
fine spinules. SIPH 2.0-2.4 × cauda, which bears c.15 hairs
…..Anuraphis farfarae
–
ANT III without rhinaria.
ABD TERG 7 and 8 both usually with STu. SIPH with normal inbrication. SIPH
1.5-2.0 × cauda, which bears 5-7 hairs
…..Dysaphis lappae
9
Dorsal
abdomen with an extensive solid black shield. ANT III 0.31-0.47 mm, 2.4-3.4 ×
HT II. R IV+V 0.17-0.24 mm. SIPH dark, imbricated, 1.7-3.4 × cauda
……Brachycaudus
cardui
–
Dorsal abdomen without a
black shield. ANT III 0.07-0.25 mm, 0.9-2.2 × HT II. R IV+V 0.10-0.15 mm.
SIPH pale, smooth, 0.8-2.0 × cauda
……Brachycaudus helichrysi
10
SIPH much shorter than (0.4-0.6 ×) cauda
…..Aphis odinae
–
SIPH at least 0.8 ×
cauda, and usually much longer
…..11
11
Cauda pale or dusky. Longest
hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.8 × BD III
…..12
–
Cauda dark. Hairs on ANT
III long and fine, the longest 1.6-2.7 × BD III
…..13
12
SIPH
uniformly dark. Hairs on hind femur all shorter than diameter of femur at its
base
…..Aphis gossypii
–
SIPH usually rather pale,
darker at apex. Hairs on hind femur mainly longer, some of them about as long
as, or longer than, diameter of femur at its base
…..Aphis
nasturtii
13
SIPH 0.8-1.4 × cauda, which
bears 16-21 hairs. Well-developed conical or hemispherical MTu present on ABD
TERG 2-4 (-5) as well as 1 and 7. (Al. with 7-20 sec. rhinaria on ANT III, 0-4
on IV, 0 on V)
…..Aphis torquens
–
SIPH 1.7-2.1 × cauda,
which bears 10-16 hairs. MTu only consistently present on ABD TERG 1 and 7.
(Al. with 20-32 sec. rhinaria on ANT III, 5-11 on IV and 0-7 on V)
…..Aphis fukii
14
Cuticle of head smooth. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.08-0.60 of length
…..15
–
Cuticle of head
spiculose, at least ventrally. SIPH without polygonal reticulation
…..17
15
SIPH 1.5-1.8 × cauda, with reticulation on
distal 0.5-0.6 of length. R IV+V acutely pointed, 0.7-0.9 × HT II, and
bearing very long accessory hairs, much longer than the 3 subapical pairs
…..Macrosiphoniella grandicauda
–
SIPH 1.5-2.6 × cauda,
with reticulation on distal 0.08-0.15 of length. R IV+V 0.8-1.5 × HT II, with accessory hairs of normal length
…..16
16
SIPH
dark at both base and apex, paler in middle, 2.1-2.6 × cauda. R IV+V 1.3-1.5
× HT II. Abdomen with crescent-shaped presiphuncular and large
postsiphuncular dark sclerites
…..Uroleucon tussilaginis
–
SIPH pale, or pale at base and gradally darkening distally, 1.5-2.2 × cauda. R IV+V 0.8-1.2 × HT II. Pre- and postsiphuncular sclerites absent
…..Macrosiphum chukotense
(or possibly Macrosiphum euphorbiae? – see text)
17
Dorsum mainly dark and sclerotic, leaving
only a large pale central abdominal region and small pale areas anterior to
bases of SIPH. Cauda dark
…..Aulacorthum kerriae
–
Dorsum pale or with less
extensive dark markings. Cauda pale
…..18
18
ANT 1.6-1.7 × BL, which is 2.7-4.1 mm. Hind
tibiae very long, 0.9-1.5 × BL. ANT III with 3-12 rhinaria in a row on basal
half
…..Aulacorthum cirsicola
–
ANT
0.5-1.5 × BL, which is 1.0-3.0 mm. Hind tibia 0.4-0.8 × BL. ANT III without
rhinaria or with 1-3 rhinaria near base
(The sticky hairs of Petunia may
act as a trap for many aphids, resulting in spurious host records.)
Key
to apterae on Petunia:-
–
Thoracic spiracles
enlarged, much larger than abdominal spiracles. ANT PT/BASE 7.0-11.4, usually
more than 8.0. Hairs on ANT III 0.7-1.1 × BD III. Dorsum usually with paired
dark intersegmental markings
ANT PT/BASE c. 0.6, PT
being similar in length to SIPH
…..Brachyunguis peucedani*
–
ANT PT/BASE more than
1.5, and PT much longer than SIPH
…..3
3
Cauda broadly conical or triangular, not longer than its basal width
in dorsal view, with 4-6 hairs
…..4
–
Cauda tapering, tongue-
or finger-like, distinctly longer than its basal width, and often with more
than 6 hairs
…..5
4
Flat dome-shaped marginal tubercles (MTu) consistently present on ABD
TERG 1-5 and 7
…..Aphis umbelliferarum
–
MTu absent or inconspicuous, or not consistently present on any ABD
TERG
…..Aphis peucedanicarvifoliae*
5
SIPH more than 0.6 ×
cauda, with or without a flange
…..6
–
SIPH less than 0.6 ×
cauda, flangeless, and usually curved towards midline
…..7
6
SIPH tapering almost to a point, with a narrow, rounded, flangeless
apex (Fig.41a).
ANT III with 0-6 rhinaria on distal part, and IV with 1-7 (1-11 on III + IV
if fused)
…..Defractosiphon franzi
–
SIPH slightly swollen, with an apical flange (Fig.41b). ANT III and IV
without rhinaria
…..Hyadaphis coriandri
7
SIPH very short and
broad-based, 0.4-0.6 × as long as their basal widths (Fig.41c). R IV+V
only 0.5-0.6 × HT II
…..Semiaphis cervariae
–
SIPH more than 0.8 × as
long as their basal widths (e.g. Fig.41d). R IV+V 0.7-1.0 × HT II
…..8
8
ANT PT/BASE 1.6-2.5.
Well-developed flat marginal tubercles (MTu) usually present on prothorax and
ABD TERG 1-5, mostly much larger than spiracular apertures, and spinal
tubercles (STu) usually present on ABD TERG 5-7
…..Semiaphis
horvathi
–
ANT PT/BASE 2.5-3.5. MTu
and STu irregularly present, MTu rarely larger than the spiracular apertures,
except on ABD TERG 5
…..9
9
Longest hairs on ANT III
15-20μm, 0.6-0.8 × BD III.
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 30-50 μm, 1.0-1.7 × BD III
…..Semiaphis sphondylii
–
Longest hairs on ANT III
10-13 μm, 0.4-0.5 × BD III. Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 12-30 μm,
0.5-1.2 × BD III
…..Semiaphis anthrisci
10
ABD TERG 8 with a backwardly-projecting process, sometimes reduced but
always bearing a pair of hairs
…..Cavariella (6 species; use couplets
2-14 of key to apterae on Angelica)
–
No supracaudal process.
SIPH cylindrical or tapering
…..11
11
Cauda helmet-shaped, not longer than its
basal width in dorsal view, and usually bearing 5 hairs. Head and often also
ABD TERG 8, or 7 and 8, with spinal tubercles (STu)
…..12
–
Cauda tongue- or
finger-shaped, much longer than its basal width. STu absent from head and
rarely present on ABD TERG
…..16
12
Longest hair on ANT III 40-50 μm long,
2.3-2.7 × BD III. Pronotum with a pair of pleural hairs (lateral to the
spinal pair)
…..Dysaphis deltoidei
–
Longest hair on ANT III 4-15 μm long, 0.2-0.9 × BD III. Pronotum
without pleural hairs
…..13
13
SIPH 0.19-0.34 mm, 1.9-3.2 × cauda
…..14
–
SIPH 0.15-0.19 mm,
1.6-2.1 × cauda
…..15
14
SIPH 2.7-3.2 × cauda
…..Dysaphis peucedani*
–
SIPH 1.9-2.5 × cauda
…..Dysaphis apiifolia
15
All apterae to some extent alatiform with
ANT III-IV (-V) bearing secondary rhinaria. Arms of mesothoracic furca
separate
…..Dysaphis uralensis
–
Apterae without secondary rhinaria. Arms of mesothoracic furca united
at bases
…..Dysaphis oreoselini
16
Head, ANT, tibiae, SIPH and cauda all entirely black. (Large,
spindle-shaped aphid)
…..Acyrthosiphon nigripes ssp. peucedani
–
At least ANT and tibiae
have pale sections
……17
17
ANT tubercles weakly developed, head
without spicules. SIPH dark
…..18
–
ANT tubercles well developed, head with or without spicules. SIPH pale
or dusky
ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu). SIPH clavate,
0.9-1.4 × cauda
…..19
–
ABD TERG 1 and 7 always
with MTu. SIPH cylindrical/tapering, 1-3 × cauda
…..20
19
Prosternal
sclerite 1.36-2.6 × wider than long, often convex posteriorly. SIPH 1.05-1.4
× cauda. (Al. often with sec. rhinaria on ANT V)
…..Hyadaphis foeniculi
–
Prosternal sclerite 2.2-3.6 × wider than long,
with posterior margin often straight. SIPH 0.85-1.2 × cauda. (Al. rarely with
sec. rhinaria on ANT V)
…..Hyadaphis
passerinii
20
Cauda with 11-19 hairs
…..21
–
Cauda with 4-8 hairs
…..22
21
ABD TERG 2-4, as well as 1 and 7, with
well-developed MTu. Longest hair on ANT III 0.3-0.6 × BD III. Cauda with
12-15 hairs
…..Aphis grosmannae
–
ABD TERG 2-4 only
irregularly with small MTu. Longest hair on ANT III 0.80-2.2 × BD III. Cauda
with 11-19 hairs
…..Aphis fabae
22
Cauda paler than SIPH, with 4-8 hairs.
Longest hair on ANT III 0.4-0.8 × BD III. MTu on ABD TERG 1 and 7 small, less
than half diameter of SIPH at midlength …..Aphis gossypii
–
Cauda as dark as SIPH.
Longest hair on ANT III 0.2-0.5 × BD III. MTu on ABD TERG 1 and 7 large, more than 0.5 × diameter of SIPH at midlength
…..23
23
ABD TERG 2-4 as well as 1 and 7 regularly with MTu. SIPH 1.7-3.0 ×
cauda
…..Aphis peucedani
–
ABD TERG 2-4 without or only irregularly with MTu. SIPH 1.0-1.7 ×
cauda
Dorsal body (including front of head and ANT I
–II) bearing numerous hairs with fan-shaped or capitate apices, and arising
from tuberculate bases. R IV+V extremely long, thin and tapering, 1.75-2.0 ×
HT II
……Pleotrichophorus amsinckii
–
Dorsal body hairs not fan-shaped or capitate, R IV+V not very
long and thin
…..2
2
Spindle-shaped aphid with ANT much longer than BL, and ANT PT/BASE
more than 7. SIPH pale, c.2.5 × cauda, cylindrical or slightly swollen on
distal part, with some indistinct subapical reticulation. R IV+V 1.6-1.8 × HT
II and bearing 23-32 accessory hairs
…..Illinoia phacelia
–
Without that combination
of characters
…..3
3
ANT tubercles weakly developed, and ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal
tubercles (MTu). R IV+V 1.5-1.6 × HT II, longer than cauda and bearing 4-5
hairs
…..Aphis phaceliae
–
Without that combination of characters; i.e. if ANT tubercles are weakly developed and ABD TERG 1 and 7 have MTu then R IV+V is relatively shorter and bears only 2 accessory hairs
(See Blackman & Eastop 2000, for an illustrated key to common
aphids on cultivated Phaseolus.)
1
ANT PT/BASE less than
0.5. SIPH absent. Body and appendages densely clothed in fine hairs
…..Smynthurodes betae
–
ANT PT/BASE more than
0.7. SIPH present. Body and appendages not so hairy
…..2
2
SIPH with a subapical ring of hairs with expanded apices. ABD TERG 8
with hair-bearing backwardly directed processes. Cauda broad with a median
stylus
…..Anomalosiphum indigoferae
–
SIPH without hairs. ABD
TERG 8 without processes. Cauda helmet-shaped, tongue- or finger-like
…..3
3
Cauda with a constriction and a knob-like apex.
Anal plate bilobed. Dorsal hairs arising from pigmented bases (if apterae
then these hairs are mostly long and capitate). Fore coxae greatly enlarged.
ANT PT/BASE about 1
…..Therioaphis trifolii
–
Cauda tongue-shaped, rounded or triangular in
dorsal view. Anal plate entire. Body hairs are blunt or pointed, with or
without pigmented bases. Fore coxae normal. ANT PT/BASE much more than 1
…..4
4
ANT tubercles weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu)
…..5
–
ANT tubercles well
developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
…..9
5
Dorsal abdomen with an
extensive solid black shield. Cauda with 4-9 hairs
…..6
–
Dorsal abdomen without an
extensive solid black shield, and if with any dark markings then cauda has 10
or more hairs
…..7
6
ABD TERG 2-4 usually
without MTu
…..Aphis craccivora
–
Well-developed
MTu consistently present on ABD TERG 2-4 as well as 1 and 7
…..Aphis lhasaensis
7
Hind femur with all hairs
shorter than basal diameter of femur. SIPH uniformly dark or slightly paler
near bases, and darker than cauda which bears 4-10 hairs
…..8
–
Hind femur with at least some long fine hairs longer than its basal
diameter. SIPH pale or dark, but if dark then cauda is similarly dark and may
have more than 10 hairs
Cauda 0.08-0.135 × BL
(only more than 0.12 × BL in very small specimens with BL less than 1 mm),
and 0.8-1.25 × ANT V; pale to dusky, without a constriction, less than 3 ×
longer than its width at midlength, and bearing 4-7 (usually 5-6) hairs
…..Aphis
gossypii
–
Cauda 0.12-0.175 × BL,
and 1.05-1.7 × ANT V; very pale, usually with a slight mid-way constriction,
more than 3 × longer than its narrowest width at midlength, and bearing 5-10
(usually 7-9) hairs
..…Aphis glycines
9
ANT I and II black,
contrasting with base of III. SIPH with pale basal part and dark distal part
(and often slightly clavate). (Al. with forewing veins, especially the anal
vein Cu1b, conspicuously black-bordered)
…..10
–
ANT I and II pale. SIPH
entirely pale or darker only at apices; tapering, cylindrical or clavate.
(Al. with forewing veins not conspicuously dark-bordered)
…..12
10
SIPH 1.1-1.5 × cauda
…..Microparsus brasiliensis
–
SIPH 1.7-2.0 × cauda
…..11
11
SIPH pale on basal 0.33-0.67 of length. HT
I with medial hair (sense peg) 0.4-0.6 × length of the 2 lateral hairs. BL
1.9-2.4 mm
…..Microparsus vignaphilus
–
SIPH pale on basal
0.2-0.4 of length. HT I with medial hair 0.6-1.0 × length of the 2 lateral
hairs. BL 1.1-1.9 mm
…..Microparsus puertoricensis
12
Head densely spiculose, at least ventrally,
with scabrous, steep-sided ANT tubercles. ANT III with 0-2(-3) rhinaria
[Prociphilus americanus (as Pemphigus venafuscus)]
Key to apterae on Philadelphus:-
(Couplets 1-2 can be
applied to alatae as well as apterae)
1
SIPH very markedly inflated, with diameter of swollen part 2.0-4.5 × minimum diameter of basal part. (Aptera is fundatrix, all progeny being alatae)
…..Rhopalosiphoninus deutzifoliae
–
SIPH tapering or
cylindrical, or clavate but with diameter of swollen part less than 2 ×
minimum diameter of basal part
…..2
2
Cauda broad-based with a drawn-out conical papilliform tip, bearing
1-2 hairs on the tip and 6 hairs on the swollen basal part. SIPH clavate.
(Al. with numerous sec. rhinaria scattered over entire surfaces of ANT III-V;
47-61 on III, 17-28 on IV and 3-11 on V)
…..Glendenningia philadelphi
–
Cauda helmet-, tongue- or finger-shaped, tapering from base to apex,
or with rounded apex. SIPH cylindrical, tapering or slightly clavate. (Al.
with sec. rhinaria much less numerous)
…..3
3
ANT, SIPH and legs (even
basal parts of femora) entirely dark. Head spiculose, SIPH slightly swollen
on distal part, cauda triangular
…..Myzus philadelphi
–
SIPH pale or dark, ANT
and legs with at least some parts pale. Other characters not in that
combination
…..4
4
Well-developed marginal tubercles (MTu) present on ABD TERG 1-5 (-6)
and 7. SIPH 0.67-0.87 × cauda, much shorter that R IV+V which is 1.54-1.65 ×
HT II
…..Aphis philadelphicola*
–
MTu only ever regularly on ABD TERG 1 and 7, and other characters not in that combination
BL more than 3.0 mm. Dorsum membranous. SIPH as inconspicuous
pores or absent. (Apterae are all fundatrices producing all-alate progeny on
twigs, with copious wax.)
…..Prociphilus oleae
–
BL
less than 2.5 mm. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed dark markings. SIPH
present, pale
SIPH with pale basal and dark distal
sections. Femora with basal 0.6 or more of length pale, contrasting with
black distal section. SIPH and femora covered with irregular, transverse rows
of spicules. ANT PT/BASE 5.8-8.1. (Alata with dark-bordered wing veins, with
radius and costa fused for part of lengths to form a closed cell behind the
pterostigma)
Dorsal hairs long with
thick bases and knobbed apices
…..2
–
Dorsal hairs long or
short without knobbed apices
…..5
2
R IV+V extremely long and narrow, as long as or longer than SIPH
…..Cryptomyzus behboudii
–
R IV+V less than half as
long as SIPH
…..3
3
R IV+V 1.8-2.0 × HT II
….. Cryptomyzus sairamugamicus*
–
R IV+V 1.3-1.5 × HT II
…..4
4
SIPH more-or-less
cylindrical, with little trace of swelling; thinner than hind tibia for most
of length. SIPH 2.2-3.1 × cauda
…..Cryptomyzus ribis
–
SIPH with distinctly
swollen section on distal part, with maximum diameter 1.2-1.6 × minimum
diameter on proximal half, the swollen part being distinctly thicker than
hind tibia. SIPH 3.6-5.0 × cauda
…..Cryptomyzus taoi
5
Hairs on ANT and dorsal side of tibiae long, stiff, erect, maximally
100-110 μm, more than 2 × BD III. ANT PT/BASE more than 7. SIPH clavate,
c.2 × cauda
…..Cryptomyzus tadzhikistanica*
–
Hairs shorter or not
stiff and erect, ANT PT/BASE less than 7. SIPH various
…..6
6
Cauda semicircular to
helmet-shaped, shorter than its basal width in dorsal view. Dorsum often with
an extensive black sclerotic shield
…..7
–
Cauda finger-like, much
longer than its basal width. Dorsum without an extensive black sclerotic
shield
…..8
7
SIPH shorter than R IV+V, lightly imbricated, without spicules. Dorsal
cuticle not spiculose
….. Brachycaudus cerasicola
–
SIPH longer than R IV+V, with transverse rows of spicules. Dorsal
cuticle spiculose
…..Roepkea marchali
8
ALL the following apply: ANT
tubercles weakly developed. SIPH wholly dusky/dark, but Cauda paler. ABD TERG
1 and 7 with well-developed marginal tubercles (MTu), those on 7 having basal
diameter more than 0.5 × thickness of SIPH at midlength. ABD TERG 8 (or 7 and 8) with thin dusky or dark
crossbands, and abdomen usually with dark intersegmental muscle plates. ANT
PT/BASE 1.8-2.6
Aptera of normal aphid form, with well-developed
legs and 6-segmented antennae. Alata
with circular secondary rhinaria
…..2
–
Aptera aleyrodiform with reduced legs, very short 3-
or 4-segmented antennae and variably fused head, thorax and anterior abdominal
tergites. Antenna of alata with annular secondary rhinaria
…..8
2
ANT PT/BASE more than 3. SIPH tubular, black, cauda
tongue- or finger-shaped
…..3
–
ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. SIPH as slightly raised
pores or hairy cones. Cauda broadly rounded
…..5
3
Antennal tubercles weakly developed. SIPH
imbricated, tapering without any trace of swelling. Stridulatory apparatus
present
….. Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
–
Antennal tubercles well developed, with inner faces
divergent. SIPH almost smooth, slightly swollen. No stridulatory apparatus
…..4
4
SIPH 1.0-1.3 × cauda which is pale, with
thin pointed apex, and bears 10-18 hairs. Head spiculose over entire ventral
surface
…..Sinomegoura photiniae
–
SIPH
0.8-1.0 × cauda which is dark with blunt apex and bears 17-24 hairs. Head
spiculose only on ventral side of ANT tubercles
…..Sinomegoura citricola
5
BL more than 6 mm. Forewing of alata
with pterostigma extending almost to wing-tip
…..Longistigma xizangensis
–
BL 2-3 mm. Forewing of alata with a normal
pterostigma
…..6
6
Body hairs inconspicuous, apterae with compound
eyes. SIPH as pores ringed with a few hairs
…..Machilaphis
machili
–
Long-haired aphid, apterae with eyes of only 3
facets. SIPH as hairy cones
…..7
7
R IV+V 0.52-0.70 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 0.30-0.45
…..Aiceona
retipennis
–
R IV+V longer than HT II. ANT PT/BASE 0.5 or more
…..Aiceona actinodaphnis
8
Dorsal cuticle
of aptera smooth, densely covered with short, thorn-like, broad-based, hair-like processes
…..Sinonipponaphis
formosana*
–
Dorsal cuticle of aptera either smooth or with
pustulate ornamentation; hairs fine and of variable length, no thorn-like
processes
Body
dorsoventrally flattened, with a crenulate margin due to a continuous row
of wax glands. Head with a pair of forwardly directed frontal horns.
Siphunculi poriform
…..
Cerataphis brasiliensis
–
Body
of typical aphid form, without wax glands or frontal horns. Siphunculi
tubular
Key to species on Photinia (including Heteromeles,
Stranvaesia):-
1
ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. Cauda bluntly
rounded
…..2
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 1. Cauda tongue- or
finger-like
…..4
2
Body and appendages with numerous long, fine hairs.
SIPH pores large, on hairy cones. No evident wax glands
…..Nippolachnus bengalensis
–
Body and appendages with sparse, short hairs. SIPH
pores indistinct or absent. Wax glands evident
…..3
3
Spring
migrant alatae with secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 20-31, IV 4-9, V
0-6, VI 0
…..Prociphilus caryae arbutifoliae
–
Spring migrant alatae with secondary rhinaria
distributed ANT III 10-14, IV 4-7, V 1-4, VI 0-1
…..Prociphilus ushikoroshi
–
Spring migrant alatae with secondary rhinaria
distributed ANT III 35-36, IV 9-10, V 10-11, VI 0-2
…..Prociphilus sp. “A”
(A.K. Ghosh et al., 1970b)
4
Antennal tubercles weakly developed. SIPH dark,
conical truncate or tapering without a trace of swelling
…..5
–
Antennal tubercles well developed, their inner faces
divergent or convergent in dorsal view. SIPH pale or dark, often slightly
swollen, especially on inner sides
…..10
5
SIPH short and conical; in aptera less than twice as
long as their basal widths
…..6
–
SIPH more than twice as long as their basal widths
…..7
6
Cauda rounded, about as long as its basal width. R
IV+V long, more than twice as long as width at base
…..Brachycaudus helichrysi
–
Cauda clearly longer than its width at base. R IV+V
short; in alata (emigrant) shorter that its basal width
…..Melanaphis bambusae
7
Hind tibiae entirely dark
…..Aphis stranvaesiae
–
Hind tibiae with at least the middle section paler
…..8
8
Dorsal abdomen without any dark markings. SIPH and cauda both black, cauda usually having a midlength constriction and bearing 7-19 hairs. Stridulatory apparatus absent
Marginal tubercles (MTu) present on ABD TERG
2-4. Cauda with 10-19 hairs (rarely less than 13). R IV+V more than 0.13 mm
…..Aphis pomi
–
MTu absent from ABD TERG 2-4. Cauda with
7-15 hairs (rarely more than 12). R
IV+V less than 0.125 mm
…..Aphis spiraecola
10
SIPH dark, almost smooth, less than 1.5 × cauda,
which bears 10-24 hairs
…..11
–
SIPH pale, or dusky only at apices, imbricated, more
than 1.5 × cauda, which bears 4-12 hairs
…..12
11
SIPH 1.0-1.3 × cauda which is pale, with thin pointed
apex, and bears 10-18 hairs. Head spiculose over entire ventral surface
…..Sinomegoura photiniae
–
SIPH
0.8-1.0 × cauda which is dark with blunt apex and bears 17-24 hairs. Head
spiculose only on ventral side of ANT tubercles
…..Sinomegoura citricola
12
Head densely spiculose with scabrous,
convergent ANT tubercles. SIPH clavate, 2.5-2.7 × cauda. R IV+V 1.5-1.8 × HT
II. (Alata with very numerous rhinaria on ANT III, IV and V)
…..Hyalomyzus eriobotryae
–
Without
that combination of characters (if head is scabrous with convergent ANT
tubercles then SIPH and/or R IV+V are relatively shorter)
…..13
13
SIPH
with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation. Alata without a black dorsal abdominal
patch
…..14
–
SIPH
without any polygonal reticulation (sometimes with a few transverse
interconnected striae near apex). Alata with a black dorsal abdominal patch
…..15
14
SIPH
swollen on distal half to a maximum of 1.2-1.4 × minimum width basad. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.3-0.4 × BD III
…..Illinoia
spiraeae
–
SIPH
tapering/cylindrical (sometimes with distal reticulated zone constricted).
Longest hairs on ANT III 0.6-1.0 × BD III
….. Macrosiphum euphorbiae
15
ANT
III of aptera with one or more small rhinaria near base. ANT PT/BASE ratio is
5 or more
…..Ericaphis
gentneri
–
ANT III of aptera without rhinaria. ANT PT/BASE less
than 4.5
…..16
16
Dorsal abdomen of aptera with an intersegmental
pattern of dark ornamentation (fig. 121J). ANT PT/BASE less than 2.5. SIPH
tapering, with a shallow S-curve, and coarsely imbricated
…..Myzus ornatus
–
Dorsal abdomenof aptera without dark ornamentation.
ANT PT/BASE more than 2.5. SIPH are slightly swollen on distal half, and
moderately imbricated
At least ABD TERG 7 with a pair of large, backwardly-pointed processes. Antenna are 5-segmented. Aptera with reduced eyes
…..2
–
ABD TERG 7 without large processes. Antenna
6-segmented. Aptera with well-developed, multifacetted eyes
…..4
2
Head,
thorax and ABD TERG 1-7 all with paired spinal processes, and large marginal
processes also present on at least ABD TERG 5 and 7. ANT PT/BASE more than 1
…..Eonaphis
phyllanthi
–
Large processes on ABD TERG 7 only. ANT PT/BASE less
than 1
…..3
3
R IV+V shorter than PT. ANT PT/BASE more than 0.5
…..Schoutedenia ralumensis
–
R IV+V longer than PT. ANT PT/BASE usually less than
0.5
…..Schoutedenia emblica
4
SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation
(if this is very short, then SIPH are constricted at apex and have a very
small flange)
Phyllostachys
seems to have a much smaller aphid fauna than other genera of bamboos, but it
may nevertheless be worthwhile to consult the keys to Arundinaria and Bambusa
for specimens that do not fit the species keyed here:-
Antenna of aptera much less than 0.5× BL,
and alata with very narrow annular rhinaria extending more than half way
around segment
…..2
–
Antenna of aptera more than 0.5× BL or, if only
alatae are present, these have antennae bearing circular or oval secondary
rhinaria
…..6
2
Aptera without frontal horns
…..3
–
Aptera with frontal horns
…..4
3
Aptera
(on roots) with antennae very short, hardly longer than the elongate R IV+V. Tarsi 1-segmented. Body hairs fine
…..Paracolopha morrisoni
–
Aptera (on leaves) with antennae short, but much longer than short R IV+V. Tarsi 2-segmented. Body hairs thick and spine-like
…..Glyphinaphis bambusae
4
Cauda and anal plate rounded. Frontal horns of
aptera longer than ANT I + II
…..Ceratoglyphina
bambusae
–
Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed. Frontal horns not
longer than ANT I + II
…..5
5
SIPH
pores placed on shallow cones encircled by long fine hairs. Aptera with
wax pore plates if present usually arranged in longitudinal marginal rows,
and those on head with only a few facets
SIPH pores on very small
pigmented cones without a ring of fine hairs. Wax pore plates of aptera
not arranged in longitudinal marginal rows, and those on head with numerous
facets
…..Ceratovacuna multiglandula*
6
Cauda tongue-like, without a constriction, anal
plate entire. ANT PT/BASE more than 4. Antenna of alata with round secondary
rhinaria
…..7
–
Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed. ANT PT/BASE about
1. Antenna of alata with transversely oval secondary rhinaria
…..8
7
SIPH short, similar in
length to cauda
…..Melanaphis bambusae
–
SIPH more than 2.5 ×
longer than cauda–
…..Kaochiaoja sikkimensis
8
Eyes
without ocular tubercles. SIPH cones very flat, mammiform
…..Phyllaphoides bambusicola
–
Eyes
with ocular tubercles. SIPH cones truncate
…..Takecallis spp. (for separation see couplets 6-11 of key to aphids on Arundinaria)
ANT tubercles well
developed. SIPH mainly pale, slightly clavate. Cauda pale
…..2
–
ANT tubercles weakly
developed. SIPH and cauda uniformly dark
…..3
2
SIPH with subapical
polygonal reticulation, distal to swollen part. ANT tubercles with smooth,
divergent inner faces. R IV+V 1.3-1.5 × HT II, and bearing c.14-16 accessory
hairs. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs
…..Illinoia corylina
–
SIPH without polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles steep-sided,
somewhat scabrous. R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II, with 2-3 accessory hairs. First
tarsal segments with 3 hairs
…..Utamphorophora humboldti
3
ANT hairs long and fine, the longest on ANT III 2.3-3.5 × BD III. ABD
TERG 8 with a dark cross-band bearing 6-8 hairs. Cauda short, tapering from a
broad base to a rounded apex