Dorsal and ANT hairs with blunt or pointed apices. Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.5 × BD III
…..5
5
SIPH with distal part strongly curved outwards, swollen on the curve and then narrowing abruptly, the narrow section being completely smooth, the rest coarsely imbricated
SIPH with distal part slightly curved outwards but tapering gradually over most of length, there being no abrupt transition to a smooth narrow apical section
…..6
6
Finger-like projection on ANT tubercle reaching apex of ANT I or beyond, its length greater than that of ANT II. R IV+V 1.1-1.35 × HT II
Cuticle of head spiculose or nodulose, with inner faces of ANT tubercles scabrous and steep-sided, parallel or apically convergent. SIPH without polygonal reticulation
Longest dorsal abdominal processes more than 0.1 mm long
…..3
3
BL 1.1-2.2 mm. Spinal abdominal processes 0.12-0.21 mm long (fundatrix, Fig.32a) or 0.05-0.13 mm long (2nd generation), with thick apices. Eyes without evident ocular tubercles
BL c. 3.1-3.2 mm. Spinal abdominal processes 0.33-0.54 mm long (fundatrix), with narrow apices (Fig.32b). Ocular tubercles evident at posterior edge of eye
Cauda swollen on basal half, narrowing abruptly to a cylindrical apical section, the swollen part bearing 4 hairs. Dorsal body hairs long and finely pointed; the longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 80-85 μm, 3.5-4.0 × ANT BD III
Cauda tapering, triangular, tongue or finger-shaped, sometimes constricted in the middle but without a much narrower cylindrical apical section, and often with more than 4 hairs. Dorsal body hairs blunt or acutely pointed, less than 60 μm, less than 3.5 × ANT BD III
…..5
5
SIPH 2.55-4.3 × cauda, and slightly to markedly clavate. (Al. with rhinaria distributed ANT III 13-64, IV 0-22, V 0-6)
…..6
–
SIPH less than 2.5 × cauda, tapering, cylindrical or clavate. (Al. generally with less rhinaria)
…..11
6
SIPH very markedly inflated, with diameter of balloon-like swollen part 2.0-4.5 × minimum diameter of basal part
SIPH (Fig.32c) thick and markedly clavate, 2.55-3.2 × cauda; maximum width of swollen part 1.3-1.9 × minimum width of basal part, and about equal to or greater than R IV+V. ANT PT/BASE 3.8-4.9. ANT III usually with 1-3 rhinaria near base
SIPH less clavate, 3.1-4.3 × cauda; max. width of swollen part 1.2-1.3 × minimum width of basal part, and 0.4-0.6 × R IV+V. ANT PT/BASE 2.0-2.7. ANT III without rhinaria. (Possibly fundatrices of species migrating in second generation to secondary host)
…..10
10
ANT hairs very short and inconspicuous, less than 0.3 × BD III. ANT PT/BASE 2.0-2.1. SIPH 3.1-3.3 × cauda
…..Rhopalosiphoninus sp., Japan (Miyazaki 2388, 2419)
–
ANT hairs evident, 0.6-0.7 × BD III. ANT PT/BASE c.2.6. SIPH 4.2-4.3 × cauda
…..?Myzus sp., Japan (Miyazaki 2417, 2434)
11
Head densely spiculose or nodulose, with ANT tubercles weakly developed and divergent. Dorsal hairs acutely pointed, with slightly tuberculate bases; 0.8-3 × ANT BD III
…..12
–
Either head is without spicules or nodules or, if head is spiculose or nodulose then ANT tubercles are well developed and steep-sided, with inner faces parallel or apically convergent, and dorsal hairs are very short and blunt (less than 0.5 × ANT BD III)
SIPH pale, with slight
distal swelling, almost flangeless. R IV+V c.0.75 × HT II. ABD TERG 1 and 7
without marginal tubercles (MTu), which may however be present on ABD TERG 6.
ABD TERG 8 with a median process
Dorsal cuticle of head spiculose or strongly wrinkled, and ANT tubercles well developed with inner faces scabrous and steep-sided or apically convergent, or with rounded, convergent processes
…..2
–
Dorsal cuticle of head smooth or slightly wrinkled, and ANT tubercles absent, weakly developed or, if well developed, then with inner faces smooth and divergent
…..4
2
SIPH clavate; swollen on distal 0.7-0.8, constricted subapically, and with narrower basal section. ANT PT/BASE 0.8-2.1. (Al. with secondary rhinaria on ANT IV and V)
…..3
–
SIPH tapering, cylindrical or clavate, but if clavate then without a subapical constriction, and with ANT PT/BASE 2.8-4.5. (Al. without secondary rhinaria on ANT IV and V)
Dorsal abdomen with dark cross-bands on ABD TERG 7 and 8 and irregular dark sclerotisation of more anterior tergites. R IV without any accessory hairs. ANT 5-segmented
SIPH pale, sometimes darker towards apices, at least 0.10 mm long and twice as long as their basal widths. Cauda at least 0.20 mm long, with 6-11 hairs
Cauda usually paler than SIPH, and bearing 4-8 hairs. Dorsum without dark markings. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.3-0.5 × BD III
…..14
–
SIPH and cauda both black; cauda with 4-25 hairs, but if 8 or less then either dorsal abdomen has a solid black shield or longest hairs on ANT III are more than 0.5 × BD III
Cauda helmet-shaped or triangular, not longer than its basal width
…..4
–
Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped, much longer than its basal width
…..6
4
Cauda helmet-shaped, with 4-6 hairs. SIPH smooth, pale, with a subapical annular incision. ANT PT/BASE 2.4-3.2. ANT III without rhinaria. Dorsum without dark markings. Spiracular apertures rounded. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu)
Cauda triangular, with 7-19 hairs. SIPH imbricated, dark, without a subapical annular incision. ANT PT/BASE 0.8-1.9. ANT III often with rhinaria. Dorsum usually with dark sclerotisation. Spiracular apertures reniform. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu
Cuticle of head densely spiculose or nodulose, at least on ventral surface. ANT tubercles with inner faces scabrous or spiculose and parallel or apically convergent
Cuticle of head smooth or with only sparse spinules. ANT tubercles with inner faces smooth and divergent or almost parallel
…..10
10
SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation (at least 4-5 rows of closed cells)
…..11
–
SIPH without a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation
…..16
11
SIPH mainly pale, with reticulation consisting of few, large cells and extending over distal 0.13-0.20 of length. ANT III with 1-10 rhinaria. Dorsal abdomen without scleroites at base of hairs. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs
SIPH dark, with reticulation consisting of numerous small cells and extending over distal 0.16-0.43 of length. ANT III with 2-97 rhinaria. Dorsal abdomen with dark scleroites at base of hairs. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs
Head densely spiculose with scabrous, convergent ANT tubercles. SIPH clavate, 2.5-2.7 × cauda. R IV+V 1.5-1.8 × HT II. (Al. with very numerous rhinaria on ANT III, IV and V)
SIPH dark except at bases, with zone of polygonal reticulation on subapical 0.16-0.25. ANT tubercles well developed, with smooth, divergent inner faces. ANT dark, much longer than body, with ANT PT/BASE 5.4-6.9
SIPH pale or dark, without polygonal reticulation. ANT III with 0-12 rhinaria
…..2
2
ANT tubercles weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles. SIPH dark, tapering, 0.10-0.16 × BL and 1.25-1.9 × cauda. ANT PT/BASE less than 2.5
ANT tubercles well developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles. SIPH pale, tapering or swollen distally, 0.18-0.36 × BL and 1.8-8.6 × cauda. ANT PT/BASE 3.0-5.5
…..3
3
SIPH strongly swollen on distal half, 5.5-8.6 × the triangular cauda, which bears 5 hairs. Alatiform apt. common with rhinaria distally on ANT III (-IV)
First tarsal segments with 3-5 hairs. ANT III (of aptera) with 7-35 secondary rhinaria
…..2
2
ANT III (of aptera) with 15-35 secondary rhinaria distributed over almost the whole length of the segment. Scleroites at bases of dorsal hairs pale, inconspicuous
Cauda pale, shorter than its basal width, less than 0.3 of length of black SIPH. Antennal hairs long and fine, mostly 3-4 × basal diameter of ANT III. ANT III of aptera with secondary rhinaria on distal 0.5-0.7
Cauda pale or dark, longer than its basal width, more than 0.3 of length of SIPH. Antennal hairs less than 3 × basal diameter of ANT III, which in aptera has rhinaria either absent or only on basal 0.3
…..2
2
Body broadly spindle-shaped. SIPH with an apical zone of polygonal reticulation
…..3
–
Body oval or pear-shaped. SIPH without polygonal reticulation
…..5
3
SIPH clearly swollen on distal half, proximad to the reticulated part. Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.5 × basal diameter of segment
Antennal tubercles with inner faces convergent in dorsal view (e.g., fig. 42I). ANT III of aptera never with a secondary rhinarium
…..9
9
Dorsal abdomen with an intersegmental pattern of dark ornamentation. ANT PT/BASE less than 2.5. SIPH tapering, with a shallow S-curve, and coarsely imbricated
Stridulatory ridges present on abdominal sternites 5 and 6, and evenly spaced stridulatory peg-like hairs on hind tibiae (fig. 122). ANT PT/BASE 3.5-5.0 Dorsal abdominal markings if present confined to ABD TERG 7 and 8. Alata with media of forewing once-branched
Stridulatory apparatus absent. ANT PT/BASE 2.1-3.2 Dark, broken sclerites or bands usually present on ABD TERG 1-8. Alata with media of forewing twice-branched
…..12
12
Longest hair on ANT III usually more than 2 × basal diameter of segment. ABD TERG 2-5 as well as 1 and 7 often with marginal tubercles
Longest hair on ANT III rarely more than 2 × basal diameter of segment. ABD TERG 2-5 less frequently with small marginal tubercles
…..13
13
Dorsum with variable dark markings, usually consisting of at least dark sclerotic bands on pronotum, mesonotum and ABD TERG 7 and 8, and small dark marginal sclerites (fig. 121R); often also with small dark sclerites scattered over other abdominal tergites. Cauda without any constriction and bearing 11-24 hairs
Pronotum, mesonotum and ABD TERG 7 and 8 without dark sclerotic bands and marginal sclerites not deeply pigmented. Cauda usually with a constriction about one third from base, and bearing 6-12 hairs (fig 121T)
Dorsal body hairs multiplied (ABD TERG 1-4 each with at least 8 spino-pleural hairs and 1 marginal pair). SIPH dusky, or dark on distal half only. Cauda with 6-11 hairs. No stridulatory apparatus
…..2
–
Dorsal body hairs not multiplied (ABD TERG 1-4 each with only 1 spinal and 1 marginal pair). SIPH black. Cauda with 10-26 hairs. Stridulatory apparatus present
Dorsal body hairs shorter and less numerous, those on ABD TERG 3 not more than 2.5 × ANT BD III. ABD TERG 8 with 4-5 hairs. SIPH dark basally and pale distally
Body of more normal aphid form, and other characters do not apply
…..2
2
ANT 5-segmented, less than 0.25 × BL, with ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. Eyes 3-faceted, SIPH absent. Dorsal abdomen with paired spinal and pleural wax gland plates
…..Epipemphigus sp(p).
–
ANT usually 6-segmented, more than 0.45 × BL, with ANT PT/BASE more than 1. Eyes multi-faceted, SIPH present. No dorsal wax gland plates
…..3
3
Dorsum with extensive dark sclerotisation
…..4
–
Dorsum membranous, or with only localised sclerotisation
…..8
4
Head spiculose. Cauda short and dark, much less than 2 × its basal width in dorsal view. SIPH tapering or slightly swollen on distal half, with a large flange
…..5
–
Head not spiculose. Cauda pale, finger-like, at least 2 × its basal width. SIPH tapering or cylindrical on distal half, usually with some subapical reticulation, and with a small flange
…..6
5
SIPH more than 3 × cauda, and slightly swollen on distal half. ANT PT/BASE 4.7-5.5
Apices of tibiae pale, and apices of femora pale or dusky. ANT III with 8-17 secondary rhinaria, IV with 1-7 and V with 0-7. R IV+V 0.65-0.77 × HT II. SIPH 0.64-0.77 × head width across (and including) eyes. Height of ANT tubercles much less than 0.5 × length of ANT I along inner side
Apices of tibiae dark or black, distal parts of femora black. ANT III with 1-11 secondary rhinaria, IV and IV with 0. R IV+V 0.84-1.0 × HT II. SIPH at least 0.8 × head width across eyes. Height of ANT tubercles about 0.5 × length of ANT I along inner side
…..7
7
Basal part of SIPH with nodulose imbrication, and post-siphuncular sclerite spiculose (Fig.33a). SIPH 0.8-0.9 × head width across eyes. Spiracular sclerites of abdominal segments 1 and 2 very close, often contiguous (Fig.33c)
Basal part of SIPH and post-siphuncular sclerite quite smooth (Fig.33b). SIPH 0.9-1.2 × head width across eyes. Spiracular sclerites on abdominal segments 1 and 2 distinctly separated (Fig.33d)
Dorsal hairs much longer than ANT BD III, rather spine-like, with acute apices, and placed on lightly or heavily pigmented scleroites (e.g. Fig.33f). SIPH with close-set nodulose imbrication
…..12
12
Dorsal hairs maximally 1.5-2.2 × ANT BD III, arising from small lightly pigmented, flat scleroites. SIPH 0.8-1.0 × cauda, which is longer than its basal width
Dorsal hairs maximally 2.2-3.3 × ANT BD III, arising from large, often heavily pigmented, somewhat domed scleroites (Fig.33f). SIPH 1.6-2.3 × cauda, which is not or hardly longer than its basal width in dorsal view
ANT longer than BL. ANT tubercles well developed, divergent. SIPH with subapical polygonal reticulation (if rather indistinct, then SIPH are thin with pale basal half and dark distal half). ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu). ANT III with secondary rhinaria
…..14
–
ANT shorter than BL. ANT tubercles weakly developed. SIPH without subapical polygonal reticulation. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu. ANT III (or fused III+IV) without rhinaria
…..18
14
SIPH rather thin, about equal in length to cauda, with pale basal half and dark distal half , and with 1-4 rather indistinct rows of polygonal cells near apex (Fig.33g)
SIPH tapering or cylindrical, longer than cauda, with a least 4-5 subapical rows of well-defined polygonal cells; entirely pale, entirely dark, or mainly dark with pale base
…..15
15
SIPH dark, 1.2-1.4 × cauda, with reticulation extending over distal 0.3-0.4 of length. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs
ABD TERG 2-4, as well as 1 and 7, with low, conical or hemispherical MTu
…..19
–
ABD TERG 2-4 without or only very sporadically with MTu
…..20
19
Longest hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.7 × BD III. Posterior hair on hind trochanter 0.2-0.5 × length of trochantro-femoral suture. SIPH 1.2-1.7 × cauda and 1.1-1.5 × ANT III
Longest hairs on ANT III 1.2-1.7 × BD III. Posterior hair on hind trochanter 1.1-1.4 × length of trochantro-femoral suture. SIPH 1.0-1.1 × cauda and 0.9-1.0 × ANT III
Head without spicules. SIPH wholly dark, or paler only at base
…..5
5
ANT longer than BL. ANT tubercles well-developed, with divergent inner faces. ANT III with 1 or more rhinaria near base. SIPH slightly swollen in middle. Cauda long, pale and finger-like
…..6
–
ANT shorter than BL. ANT tubercles small or undeveloped. ANT III without rhinaria. SIPH cylindrical, tapering or swollen on distal part. Cauda pale or dark, tongue-shaped
…..7
6
Longest hairs on ANT III more than 0.5 × BD III. ANT mainly black, and legs with large sections of femora and tibiae black. SIPH wholly dark
SIPH tapering or cylindrical and attenuated distally, thinner than hind tibiae at their respective midlengths. Head with well-developed, divergent ANT tubercles. ANT III with 1-5 rhinaria near base
SIPH tapering or somewhat swollen on distal part, thicker than hind tibiae at midlength. Head either without ANT tubercles or these have steep-sided, scabrous inner faces. ANT III without rhinaria
…..12
12
SIPH flangeless. Head without ANT tubercles. Dorsal hairs pointed. Cauda triangular, with a curved, horn-like apex
SIPH with a flange. Head spiculose with steep-sided, apically convergent ANT tubercles. Dorsal hairs short and blunt. Cauda tongue-shaped
…..13
13
Dorsum with extensive dark markings, including a roughly horseshoe-shaped dorsal abdominal patch and paired large dark patches on thorax. SIPH not clavate. R IV+V 1.2-1.7 × HT II
SIPH
with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation. Hind tibiae and SIPH
entirely or mainly dark. R IV+V 1.25-1.55× HT II. Dorsal abdomen usually with
a central black patch
SIPH cylindrical on distal part, or very weakly clavate. BL 1.3-3.4 mm
…..13
13
BL 2.8-3.4 mm. SIPH 0.25-0.3 × BL, 1.8-2.0 × cauda, which bears about 24-26 hairs. R IV+V with 16-18 accessory hairs. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs
BL 1.3-2.2 mm. SIPH very long and thin, 0.31-0.4 × BL and 4-6 × cauda, which bears 5-7 hairs. RIV+V with 2 accessory hairs. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs
…..14
14
ANT III with 2-5 long capitate hairs, as long as or longer than BD III. ABD TERG 1-4 each with 16-28 capitate hairs, arranged in spinopleural and marginal groups on large tubercles, the longest hairs being 3-4 × ANT BD III (Fig.34b). R IV+V 2.2-2.5 × HT II
ANT III with very short hairs, 0.2-0.3 × BD III. ABD TERG 1-4 each with 12-14 capitate hairs, the longest 2-3 × ANT BD III (Fig.34c). R IV+V 1.5-1.8 × HT II
SIPH and cauda dark. Dorsum with a solid dark shield or with variably developed dusky markings, and dark intersegmental muscle plates
…..18
18
Dorsal abdomen with an extensive solid black shield. SIPH 2.1-3.4 × cauda. R IV+V 1.5-2.0 × HT II. Mesosternum with a pair of dark mammariform processes
Dorsal abdomen with variably developed dusky segmental markings, and dark intersegmental muscle plates. SIPH 1.0-1.4 × cauda. R IV+V 1.2-1.4 × HT II. Mesosternum without mammariform processes
R IV+V 2.3-3.0 × HT II, and bearing 17-26 accessory hairs (Fig.34d). Head smooth, except for a well-developed rather scabrous median frontal tubercle, and divergent ANT tubercles, each bearing a rounded, scabrous process (Fig.34e)
R IV+V less than 1.6 × HT II, and bearing less than 10 accessory hairs. Head smooth or spiculose, with ANT tubercles undeveloped or variably developed, without a scabrous median frontal tubercle
RIV + V with about 25 accessory hairs, 2.5-2.7 × HT II, which is very short (less than 0.07 mm). First tarsal segments with 4 hairs. ANT III with 10-41 rhinaria, mostly clustered on rather swollen basal half. Thoracic spiracular apertures much larger than abdominal ones. SIPH 1.2-1.7 × cauda, without subapical polygonal reticulation
R IV+V with 7-10 accessory hairs, 0.8-1.0 × HT II, which is over 0.1 mm long. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs. ANT III with 1-10 small rhinaria. Thoracic and abdominal spiracular apertures of similar size. SIPH 1.7-2.2 × cauda, with subapical polygonal reticulation (or try key to polyphagous aphids)
ANT tuberclesweakly developed, not projecting forward beyond middle part of head in dorsal view. ANT III without rhinaria. SIPH less than 0.5 × as long as the distance between their bases, and distinctly dark-tipped
ANT tubercles with divergent inner faces, projecting forward well beyond middle part of head (median frontal tubercle). ANT III with 1-3 rhinaria near base. SIPH more than 0.5 × longer than the distance between their bases
…..10
10
R IV+V 0.55-0.75 × HT II. SIPH 8-12.5 × longer than their width at midlength
SIPH as very broad, dark, volcano-shapedcones, shorter than their basal widths. ANT III with 3-11 rhinaria on distal part, and 0-1 on IV. Dorsal abdominal hairs 3-5 × ANT BD III. Cauda helmet-shaped or triangular with rounded apex, much shorter than its basal width
SIPH tubular, pale or dark. ANT III-IV without rhinaria, or with rhinaria only near base of III. Dorsal abdominal hairs less than 1.5 × ANT BD III. Cauda triangular or tongue-shaped, as long as or longer than its basal width
…..2
2
ANT tubercles well developed with smooth broadly divergent inner faces. ANT III with 1-3 rhinaria near base. ANT III 0.8-1.0 × SIPH which are long, pale, thin and tapering/ cylindrical on distal part, without polygonal reticulation
SIPH dark, 0.7-0.9 × cauda, with polygonal
reticulation extending over distal 0.6-0.8 of length. ANT III with 8-28
secondary rhinaria, usually distributed over almost its entire length
SIPH strongly swollen, with maximum diameter of swollen part more than 2 × minimum diameter of stem, smooth except for a little subapical polygonal reticulation (Fig.48a). SIPH 5.4-8.2 × cauda
SIPH partly or wholly dark, with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation
…..7
–
SIPH pale or dark, without subapical reticulation
…..13
7
Dorsal abdomen with extensive black sclerotisation
…..8
–
Dorsal abdomen mainly pale
…..11
8
Dorsum with continuous broad black marginal stripes, united by a black band across ABD TERG 6, the central area of thorax and ABD TERG 1-5 being unpigmented
…..9
–
Dorsum with extensive dark shield including central area
…..10
9
Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.5 × BD III, and longest hairs on front of head and ABD TERG 8 are about equal to BD III. R IV+V c.1.1 × HT II
ANT PT/BASEless than 0.5. SIPH absent. Dorsal abdomen with wax glands
…..Pemphigus sp.
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 1. SIPH present, tubular or conical. Dorsal abdomen without evident wax glands
…..2
2
SIPH dark with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, cauda contrastingly pale. ANT III with 8-31 rhinaria. ANT tubercles well developed, with divergent inner faces
…..3
–
SIPH and cauda pale or dark. ANT III without rhinaria (except in alatiform specimens). ANT tubercles absent or weakly developed
…..4
3
Hind tibiae as pale as cauda for more than 0.7 of length. ABD TERG 2-4 sometimes with small marginal tubercles (MTu). (Hind tibiae of al. with pale or dusky basal section)
Hind tibiae usually with a pale or dusky basal section, but this is not as pale as cauda for more 0.5 of length. ABD TERG 2-4 without MTu. (Hind tibia of al. entirely dark)
SIPHpale, conical, smooth, with an annular incision proximal to the flange. Cauda helmet-shaped, shorter than its basal width in dorsal view. Spiracular apertures rounded. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu)
SIPH dark, tapering or cylindrical, imbricated, without a subapical annular incision. Cauda tongue-shaped, much longer than its basal width. Spiracular apertures reniform. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu
Dorsal abdomen without any extensive dark markings
…..6
6
ANT III 0.15-0.32 mm long, 1.3-2.6 × R IV+V. HT I with 2 hairs (no sense peg). ABD TERG 8 with 2 hairs. SIPH 0.9-1.6 × ANT III. (Al. with 3-13 rhinaria on ANT III)
ANT III 0.25-0.63 mm long, 2.5-4.0 × R IV+V. HT I with 3 hairs. ABD TERG 8 with 2-11 hairs. SIPH 0.6-1.1 × ANT III. (Al. with 14-40 rhinaria on ANT III)
SIPH mainly pale and slightly clavate. R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II. ANT III without any rhinaria. (Al. with a solid black dorsal patch, and with sec. rhin. on ANT IV-(V) as well as III)
SIPH dark and tapering/cylindrical. R IV+V (0.83-) 0.9-1.1. ANT III with 0-4 rhinaria near base. (Al. with separate dorsal cross-bands, and with sec. rhin. usually on III only)
SIPH pale, smooth, without a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, and swollen on distal 0.7, maximum width of swollen part being 1.3-2.0 × minimum width of basal part
…..5
–
SIPH dark, imbricated, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, and tapering or cylindrical on distal part
…..6
5
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 8-19 μm long, and on ANT tubercles 6-11 μm. Sec. rhinaria distributed ANT III 11-29, IV (0)-1-16, V 0 (-9). ANT PT/BASE 4.3-5.6. ANT PT 1.6-2.3 × cauda
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 30-50 μm long, and on ANT tubercles 18-30 μm. Sec. rhinaria distributed ANT III 4-20, IV 0 (-1), V 0. ANT PT/BASE 4.8-7.4. ANT PT 2.0-3.0 × cauda
Coxae pale like basal parts of femora. Dorsal hairs arising from dark scleroites, and crescent-shaped ante-siphuncular sclerites present. R IV+V 1.45-1.85 × HT II
ANT III black with 11-47 rhinaria. SIPH black, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, 0.85-1.25 × the long black, pointed cauda. Dorsal hairs arising from dark scleroites
…..Uroleucon sp. nr. campanulae
–
ANT III without rhinaria, and other characters not in the same combination
…..2
2
SIPH dark. Marginal tubercles (MTu) always present on ABD TERG 1 and 7
…..3
–
SIPH pale or only dark at apices. MTu absent from ABD TERG 1 and 7
…..4
3
Maximum diameter of MTu on ABD TERG 1 is 0.5-1.4 × length of adjacent marginal hair. Posterior hair on hind trochanter 0.8-1.5 × diameter of trochantro-femoral suture
Maximum diameter of MTu on ABD TERG 1 is 2-3 × length of adjacent marginal hair. Posterior hair on hind trochanter 0.2-0.3 × diameter of trochantro-femoral suture
SIPH smooth, short and conical, 0.8-2.0 × cauda, which is helmet-shaped. Head smooth, with ANT tubercles undeveloped. Spiracular apertures rounded. ABD TERG 8 bearing 6-12 hairs 0.5-1.3 × SIPH
SIPH imbricated, usually somewhat swollen on distal part, 2.3-3.3 × cauda which is triangular or tongue-shaped. Head spiculose, at least ventrally, with ANT tubercles somewhat developed. Spiracular apertures reniform. ABD TERG 8 bearing 4-7 hairs, 0.02-0.20 × SIPH
…..5
5
Head densely spiculose with well-developed, steep-sided ANT tubercles. SIPH with narrowest part of basal half similar in thickness to hind tibia at midlength. R IV+V with 7-15 accessory hairs. Cauda with 4-7 (usually 6) hairs
Head more sparsely spiculose, with weakly developed, broadly divergent ANT tubercles. SIPH with narrowest part of basal half much thicker than hind tibia at midlength. R IV+V with 2 accessory hairs. Cauda with 4-6, usually 5, hairs
…..6
6
R IV+V 1.23-1.38 × HT II. Longest hairs on ABD TERG 8 15-22 μm. (Al. with 45-76 rhinaria on ANT III)
SIPH as short, broad,
pale truncate cones, not longer than their basal widths, scabrous on distal
part, with indistinct flange. Head spiculose ventrally, with low somewhat
scabrous ANT tubercles. R IV+V without any accessory hairs
SIPH much longer than their basal widths. Head either densely
spiculose with well-developed ANT tubercles, or not spiculose with ANT
tubercles weakly developed. R IV+V with at least 2 accessory hairs
Knob of cauda elongate, c. 1.5 × its greatest width (fig. 52A). ABD TERG 1 and 2 with solid transverse dark bands. Forewings not or only weakly bordered
Tibiae dark. Antennae mainly dark, except at bases of segments. Forewings with both Cu1a and Cu1b bordered with fuscous, much darker than other veins
…..15
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Tibiae mainly pale. Antennae with only apical parts of segments and rhinariated section of ANT III dark. Forewings with only Cu1b lightly bordered with fuscous, Cu1a as other veins
…..16
15
Costal vein at leading edge of forewing black. Pronotum with 2 posterior spinal hairs. R IV+V 0.9-1.0 × HT II
ABD TERG 1-6 each with only one pair of spinal hairs, sometimes arising from processes
…..17
–
ABD TERG 1-6 each with at least 4 spinopleural hairs, either as separate spinal and pleural pairs, or with spinal hairs duplicated, on raised sclerites or flat processes
…..19
17
Pronotum, metanotum and ABD TERG 1-3 with pairs of well-developed processes, much better developed than the flattened, pigmented processes on ABD TERG 4-6 (fig. 33D). Embryos (seen through adult cuticle) with spinal hairs on ABD TERG 2-4 long enough to overlap when directed towards one another (fig. 34A)
Pronotum and metanotum without processes, and ABD TERG 1-3 with flattened hair-bearing processes like those on ABD TERG 4-6 (fig. 33E). Embryos with spinal hairs on ABD TERG 2-4 too short to overlap when directed towards one another (fig. 34B)
…..18
18
ANT PT/BASE 1.0-1.3. Late spring/summer alatae with a black transverse streak on hind subcoxa and dark spinal and marginal hair-bearing processes on most abdominal segments
ANT PT/BASE 0.7-0.8. Late spring/summer alatae without a black streak on hind subcoxa and with only the marginal processes on ABD TERG 4 and 5 pigmented so that there are 4 black spots
Hind femur with a black spot on ventral side near apex (fig. 33G). ABD TERG 2-5 with spinal and pleural hairs on raised sclerites forming transverse rows of dark spots. Embryos with spinal hairs on ABD TERG 2-4 long enough to overlap when directed towards one another (fig. 34A)
Hind femur without a black spot near apex. ABD TERG 2-5 with duplicated spinal hairs on pale raised sclerites. Embryos with spinal hairs on ABD TERG 2-4 too short to overlap when directed towards one another (as in fig. 34B)
Cauda rounded. Dorsum with numerous long fine hairs, never with long processes. SIPH on broad cones ringed with long hairs (fig. 52G). Antennae of both alata and aptera are 5-segmented
Cauda knobbed. Dorsum of aptera with or without numerous long processes, each tipped with a single bristle (e.g. fig. 52F), never with long fine hairs. Antennae very short and apparently 3-segmented. SIPH as small, inconspicuous rings
…..21
21
Body of aptera domed, with numerous sausage-shaped dorsal processes, the longest of them of similar length to antennae
Body of aptera dorso-ventrally flattened, cimiciform. Dorsal processes often undeveloped., if present then finger-like and at most 0.6-0.7 × length of antennae