HOST LISTS AND KEYS FOR EACH PLANT GENUS

(in alphabetical order)

Che-Cod

Cheilanthes

Cheilocostus

Cheiranthus

Cheirolophus

Chelidonium

Chelone

Chenopodium

Chiladenus

Chilopsis

Chiliotrichum

Chimonanthus

Chimonobambusa

Chiococca

Chionachne

Chionochloa

Chionodoxa

Chloraea

Chloris

Chlorocodon

Chlorophytum

Choisya

Chondrilla

Chorisia

Chorispora

Chosenia

Christella

Chromolaena

Chrysalidocarpus

Chrysanthellum

Chrysanthemoides

Chrysanthemum

Chrysobactron

Chrysobalanus

Chrysobotrya

Chrysophyllum

Chrysopogon

Chrysopsis

Chrysosplenium

Chrysothamnus

Chusquea

Cicca

Cicer

Cicerbita

Cichorium

Ciclospermum

Cicuta

Cienfuegosia

Cimicifuga

Cinchona

Cineraria

Cinna

Cinnamomum

Circaea

Cirriphyllum

Cirsium

Cissampelos

Cissus

Cistus

Citrullus

Citrus

Cladanthus

Cladrastis

Claopodium

Clarkia

Clausena

Claytonia

Clematis

Cleome

Cleoserrata

Clerodendrum

Clethra

Cleyera

Clianthus

Clibadium

Clidemia

Cliffortia

Climacium

Climacoptera

Clinopodium

Clintonia

Clitoria

Clusia

Clutia

Clypeola

Cnicus

Cnidium

Cobaea

Coccinia

Coccocypselum

Coccoloba

Cocculus

Cochlearia

Cocos

Codariocalyx

Codonopsis

CheilanthesAdiantaceae
Cheilanthes albomarginata Micromyzodium filicium
Ch. argenteaMicromyzus judenkoi
Ch. compositor (?) Micromyzus judenkoi
Ch. farinosaMacromyzella polypodicola; Micromyzus niger
Ch. varies (?)Macromyzus manoji, woodwardiae; [Macrosiphum rosae]
Cheilanthes spp. Amphorophora ampullata ssp. bengalensis;
Micromyzodium dasi, filicium

Use key to fern-feeding aphids under Polypodium.

Cheilocostus see CostusCostaceae
Cheiranthus see ErysimumBrassicaceae
CheirolophusAsteraceae
Cheirolophus sempervirens Brachycaudus helichrysi; Uroleucon jaceae

(Use key to apterae on Centaurea.)

ChelidoniumPapaveraceae
Chelidonium asiaticum Acyrthosiphon chelidonii; Aulacorthum solani
Ch. majusAcyrthosiphon chelidonii; Aphis fabae; Aulacorthum solani;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon
Ch. sinenseAcyrthosiphon chelidonii

Key to apterae on Chelidonium:-

Head smooth, pale, with rather low, divergent ANT tubercles. ANT III never with rhinaria. SIPH pale with darker apices, without polygonal reticulation, 1.7-2.3 × cauda which bears 7-14 hairs. R IV+V 0.8-0.9 × HT II, and ANT PT/BASE 2.7-3.3 …..Acyrthosiphon chelidonii
Without this combination of characters…..go to key to polyphagous aphids
ChelonePlantaginaceae
Chelone glabraPseudosiphonaphis corni
ChenopodiumAmaranthaceae
Chenopodium acuminatum Aphis craccivora
Ch. albumAbstrusomyzus phloxae; Acyrthosiphon malvae;
(incl. var. centrorubrum) Aphis asclepiadis, craccivora, fabae, gossypii,
nasturtii, sambuci, solanella, spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; [Cryptosiphum atriplicivorum];
[Dysaphis microsiphon];
Hayhurstia atriplicis, atriplicis ssp. chenopodii;
Landisaphis davisi;
Macrosiphum [cholodkovskyi], euphorbiae;
Myzus antirrhinii, ascalonicus, ornatus, persicae;
Pemphigus betae, fuscicornis, populivenae;
Protaphis middletonii; [Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale];
Smynthurodes betae
Ch. amaranticolor Myzus persicae
Ch. ambrosioides Aphis citricidus, craccivora, fabae, gossypii, spiraecola;
(incl. anthelminticum) Hayhurstia atriplicis; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus persicae; Pemphigus fuscicornis
Ch. aristatum = Dysphania aristata
Ch. bonus-henricus Aphis fabae, gossypii; Hayhurstia atriplicis;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae
Ch. botrysAphis fabae; Myzus persicae
Ch. capitatum = Blitum capitatum
Ch. ficifoliumHayhurstia atriplicis
Ch. foliosumAphis fabae, gossypii; Myzus persicae
Ch. fremontiiPemphigus betae
Ch. gigantumMyzus persicae
Ch. glaucumAphis fabae, solanella; Hayhurstia atriplicis
Ch. hybridumAphis craccivora, fabae;
Hayhurstia atriplicis, atriplicis ssp. chenopodii;
Myzus persicae
Ch. muraleAphis craccivora, fabae; [Brevicoryne brassicae];
Aulacorthum solani; Hayhurstia atriplicis;
Macrosiphum [creelii], euphorbiae; Myzus persicae
Ch. opulifoliumAphis fabae, gossypii; Hayhurstia atriplicis;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
Smynthurodes betae
Ch. polyspermum Aphis fabae, nasturtii, sambuci; Hayhurstia atriplicis;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Ch. pumilioAphis fabae
Ch. quinoaAphis craccivora, fabae, nasturtii; Aulacorthum solani;
Hayhurstia atriplicis; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Smynthurodes betae
Ch. rafaelenseAphis craccivora, fabae
Ch. rubrumAphis fabae; Hayhurstia atriplicis; Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Ch. sooanumBrachyunguis bahamondesi
Ch. suecicumHayhurstia atriplicis; Brachyunguis bahamondesi
Ch. urbicumAphis fabae; Hayhurstia atriplicis
Ch. virgatumAphis fabae
Ch. virideHayhurstia atriplicis; Myzus persicae
Ch. vulvariaHayhurstia atriplicis; Pemphigus fuscicornis
Chenopodium spp. Aphis sp. (Eritrea, BMNH collection);
Brachycaudus helichrysi; Brachyunguis tetrapteralis;
[Hyalomyzus raoi]; Neomyzus circumflexus;
Rhopalosiphoninus staphyleae ssp. tulipaellus;
[Semiaphis dauci]; [Thecabius affinis]
† Records of Lipaphis and Hyalopterus, and of Hyadaphis coriandri, on Ch. album in India and Africa respectively, are assumed to be all referable to Hayhurstia atriplicis.)

Key to apterae on Chenopodium:-

1SIPH as short as or shorter than (0.55-1.04 ×) cauda, which bears 5-8 hairs …..2
SIPH (if present) either longer than cauda or, if shorter, then cauda bears more than 10 hairs…..5
2ANT PT/BASE 0.50-0.73. SIPH pale…..Brachyunguis tetrapteralis
ANT PT/BASE 0.97-2.50. SIPH pale or dark…..3
3ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.5. SIPH slightly swollen on distal half, and 0.6-0.8 × cauda (plate 14b). Clypeus not abnormally swollen…..Hayhurstia atriplicis
ANT PT/BASE 0.97-1.36. SIPH tapering or cylindrical, 0.7-1.04 × cauda. Clypeus swollen …..4
4R IV+V 0.8-0.9 × HT II. Cauda finger-shaped, with a slight midway constriction. Clypeus greatly swollen, filling space between antennal bases …..Brachyunguis blanchardi
R IV+V 1.1-1.25 × HT II. Cauda triangular, tapering without a constriction. Clypeus not so swollen, occupying about 0.75-0.8 of space between antennal bases …..Brachyunguis bahamondesi
5Dorsal abdominal hairs spatulate and/or flabellate (expanded and flattened from bases). SIPH pale or dusky and distinctly clavate…..Landisaphis davisi
Dorsal abdominal hairs pointed, blunt or slightly expanded at apices. SIPH clavate, cylindrical, tapering or absent…..6
6SIPH thick, black, tapering, only 2.6-3.1 × their diameter at midlength and c.1.5 × the black cauda which bears 6-7 hairs. ANT PT/BASE 1.95-2.35. R IV+V 1.05-1.25 × HT II ….. Aphis sp. (Eritrea, BMNH collection)
Without that combination of characters…..7
7 SIPH black, tapering/cylindrical and 2.1-3.5 × cauda which bears 10-20 hairs. ABD TERG 2-4 consistently with well-developed flat marginal tubercles (MTu) …..Aphis sambuci
Without that combination of characters….go to key to polyphagous aphids
ChiliadenusAsteraceae
Chiliadenus bocconei Capitophorus sp. near similis
ChilopsisBignoniaceae
Chilopsis linearisAphis chilopsidi
Ch. saligna = Ch. linearis
ChiliotrichumAsteraceae
Chiliotrichum diffusum Brachycaudus helichrysi; Uroleucon chiliotrichi
ChimonanthusCalycanthaceae
Chimonanthus fragrans = Ch. praecox
Ch. praecoxMacrosiphum euphorbiae
ChimonobambusaPoaceae
Chimonobambusa jaunsarensis = Yushania anceps
Ch. quadrangularis Cerataphis bambusifoliae; Takecallis taiwanus

Or use key to bamboo-feeding aphids under Bambusa.

ChiococcaRubiaceae
Chiococca albaAphis aurantii, spiraecola

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ChionachnePoaceae
Chionachne semiteres Tetraneura akinire

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

ChionochloaPoaceae
Chionochloa conspicua Sitobion miscanthi

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

ChionodoxaAsparagaceae
Chionodoxa sp.Dysaphis tulipae
ChloraeaOrchidaceae
Chloraea crispaSitobion indicum
Ch. grandifloraAphis ?solanella (Chile, BMNH collection)
Ch. gravilu Sitobion indicum

Use key to aphids on orchids under Cymbidium.

ChlorisPoaceae
Chloris barbataCeratovacuna perglandulosa; Hysteroneura setariae;
Sitobion graminis, lambersi, miscanthi
Ch. gayanaHysteroneura setariae; Rhopalosiphum maidis;
Schizaphis hypersiphonata; Sitobion graminis;
Tetraneura akinire
Ch. inflata = C. barbata
Ch. petraea =Eustachys petraea
Ch. pilosaAphis gossypii; Hysteroneura setariae
Ch. pycnothrixSitobion lambersi
Ch. radiataHysteroneura setariae
Ch. truncataRhopalosiphum maidis
Ch. verticillataSchizaphis graminum
Ch. virgataCeratovacuna nekoashi; Hysteroneura setariae;
Paracletus cimiciformis; Rhopalosiphum maidis
Chloris spp.Geoica lucifuga; Sipha flava;
Tetraneura nigriabdominalis

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Chlorocodon see MondiaApocynaceae
ChlorophytumAsparagaceae
Chlorophytum blepharophyllum Aphis craccivora
Ch. comosumAphis craccivora, fabae; Myzus ascalonicus, persicae;
Neomyzus circumflexus
Chlorophytum spp. Aulacorthum solani

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ChoisyaRutaceae
Choisya ternata Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
Choisya sp.Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus
ChondrillaAsteraceae
Chondrila acantholepis Chondrillobium blattnyi
Ch. brevirostrisBrachyunguis [tausaghyz], transaralensis
Ch. canescensChondrillobium blattnyi; Uroleucon chondrillae
Ch. chondrilloides Uroleucon chondrillae
Ch. japonica = Youngia japonica
Ch. junceaAphis craccivora, fabae, gossypii;
Chondrillobium blattnyi;
Hyperomyzus lactucae; Myzus persicae;
Rectinasus buxtoni; Uroleucon chondrillae, sonchi
Ch. laticoronataUroleucon chondrillae
Ch. latifoliaUroleucon chondrillae
Ch. paucifloraUroleucon chondrillae
Chondrilla spp.Aulacorthum solani
Chomaphis chondrillae Mordvilko 1932 – nomen nudum];
Protaphis chondrillae; Titanosiphon chondrillae

Key to apterae on Chondrilla:-

1ANT 5-segmented, with ANT V BASE very long and PT very short, peg-like. R IV+V extremely long, similar in length to hind femur, and bearing numerous hairs. Body and appendages densely clothed in fine hairs. SIPH absent …..Rectinasus buxtoni
ANT 6-segmented, with PT not peg-like. R IV+V much shorter and less hairy. Body and appendages not densely hairy. SIPH evident, tubular…..2
2ANT PT/BASE 0.55-0.80. SIPH very short and thick, less than 0.7 × cauda …..3
ANT PT/BASE more than 1. SIPH if very short then thin, otherwise more than 0.7 × cauda…..4
3SIPH dark. Cauda with 17-20 hairs…..Protaphis chondrillae*
SIPH pale. Cauda with 6-10 hairs…..Brachyunguis transaralensis*
4SIPH pale, thin and very short, only 0.4-0.5 × cauda. R IV+V only about as long as basal width…..Chondrillobium blattnyi
SIPH pale or dark, more than 0.7 × cauda. R IV+V clearly longer than its basal width …..5
5SIPH dark, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.16-0.28 of length. Cauda long, pale, finger-like…..6
SIPH pale or dark, if dark then without polygonal reticulation, and cauda also dark …..7
6ANT III with 40-74 rhinaria. Crescent-shaped antesiphuncular sclerites usually present. Cauda with 11-21 hairs…..Uroleucon chondrillae
ANT III with 9-35 rhinaria. Antesiphuncular sclerites vestigeal or absent. Cauda with 23-30 hairs…..Uroleucon sonchi
7SIPH very long, 3.1-3.5 × cauda and 0.4-0.5 × BL …..Titanosiphon chondrillae
SIPH much shorter…..8
8SIPH markedly swollen (clavate). ANT tubercles smooth and rounded. ANT III with 5-29 secondary rhinaria…..Hyperomyzus lactucae
SIPH tapering/cylindrical or slightly clavate. ANT tubercles if well-developed then scabrous or spiculose, with inner faces apically convergent or almost parallel. ANT III with 0-3 rhinaria…..go to key to polyphagous aphids
Chorisia see Ceiba
ChorisporaBrassicaceae
Chorispora sibirica Lipaphis erysimi
C. tenellaBrevicoryne brassicae

Use key to apterae on Brassica.

Chosenia see SalixSalicaceae
Christella Thelypteridaceae
Christella dentataIdiopterus nephrelepidis; Macromyzella polypodicola;
Macromyzus maculatus, woodwardiae

Use key to fern-feeding aphids under Polypodium.

ChromolaenaAsteraceae
Chromolaena heteroclinia Aphis gossypii
Ch. laevigataAphis fabae
Ch. odorataAphis aurantii, [citricidus], craccivora, eugeniae, fabae,
gossypii, nasturtii, spiraecola;
Brachycaudus helichrysi; [Macrosiphoniella kikungshana];
Micromyzodium levipes;
Myzus ornatus, persicae, siegesbeckicola;
Neomyzus circumflexus; [Pentalonia nigronervosa];
Uroleucon ambrosiae

Use key to apterae on Eupatorium.

Chrysalidocarpus see DypsisArecaceae
Ch. lutescens = Dypsis lutescens
Ch. madagascariensis = Dypsis madagascariensis
ChrysanthellumAsteraceae
Chrysantellum americanum Aphis gossypii
(incl. procumbens)
ChrysanthemoidesAsteraceae
Chrysanthemoides monilifera Aphis gossypii; Aulacorthum solani; Myzus persicae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ChrysanthemumAsteraceae

[Note: many species formerly placed in Chrysanthemum are now assigned to other genera, e.g. Argyranthemum, Coleostephus, Dendranthema, Leucanthemopsis, Tanacetum. “Florist’s chrysanthemum” was however restored to the genus Chrysanthemum in 1999.]

Chrysanthemum anethifolium Wlld. (L. Buch) = Argyranthemum foeniculum
Ch. annuum = Tanacetum annuum
Ch. arcticum = Arctanthemum arcticum
Ch. argenteum = Tanacetum argenteum
Ch. balsamita = Tanacetum balsamita
Ch. boreale Makino Aphis fabae;
Macrosiphoniella abrotani ssp. chosoni, antennata,
atra ssp. latysiphon, [borealis], [tanacetaria ssp. divia],
[yomenae];
Uroleucon [cephalonopli], simile
Ch.× burbankii Pseudomegoura magnoliae
Ch. carinatum = Ismelia carinata
Ch. caucasicum = Matricaria breviradiata
Ch. cinerariifolium = Tanacetum cinerariifolium
Ch. coccineum = Tanacetum coccineum
Ch. coronarium (incl. Aphis fabae, gossypii, spiraecola; Aulacorthum solani;
concolor, spatiosum) Brachycaudus cardui, helichrysi, lateralis;
Coloradoa rufomaculata; [Lipaphis pseudobrassicae];
Macrosiphoniella pseudoartemisiae, sanborni, taspukae,
yomogifoliae;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
Uroleucon gobonis, [nigrotuberculatum]
Ch. corymbosum = Tanacetum corymbosum
Ch. flaveolum = Leucanthemopsis flaveola
Ch. frutescens = Argyranthemum frutescens
Ch. fruticulosum = Brachanthemum fruticulosum
Ch. hortorum = Ch. morifolium
Ch. indicum (incl. morifolium)Acyrthosiphon malvae:
Aphis craccivora, fabae, gossypii, nastutii, parvus,
“Florists’ chrysanthemum” spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani;
Brachycaudus cardui, helichrysi, lateralis;
Capitophorus formosartemisiae;
[Chaitophorus chrysanthemi];
Coloradoa rufomaculata, tanacetina;
Macrosiphoniella oblonga, sanborni, [subterranea],
tanacetaria, [yomenae], yomogicola;
Macrosiphum centranthi, euphorbiae;
Myzus ascalonicus, ornatus, persicae;
Neomyzus circumflexus;
Pleotrichophorus chrysanthemi, [glandulosus];
[Sitobion miscanthi (as Uroleucon yiliense)];
Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon;
Smynthurodes betae; Tuberocephalus misakurae;
Uroleucon ambrosiae group, [giganteum], tanaceti
Ch. japonense = Dendranthema occidentali-japonense
Ch. lacustre = Leucanthemum lacustre
Ch. lavandulifolium = Dendranthema lavandulifolium
Ch. leucanthemum = Leucanthemum vulgare
Ch. lineareUroleucon erigeronense
Ch. maximum (DC.) Ramond = Leucanthemum maximum
Ch. morifolium see indicum
Ch. multifidumBrachycaudus helichrysi;
Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria, tapuskae;
Uroleucon tanaceti
Ch. myconis = Coleostephus myconis
Ch. nipponicum = Nipponanthemum nipponicum
Ch. nivellei = Nivellea nivellei
Ch. ornatum = Dendranthema ornatum
Ch. pallens = Leucanthemum pallens
Ch. parthenifolium = Pyrethrum parthenifolium
Ch. parthenium = Tanacetum parthenium
Ch. procumbensAphis gossypii
Ch. roseum = Tanacetum coccineum (Note: Persian insect powder = Pyrethrum roseum)
Ch. rotundifolum = Leucanthemum rotundifolium
Ch. × rubellumBrachycaudus helichrysi
Ch. segetumAphis fabae, nasturtii;
Brachycaudus helichrysi, lateralis;
Macrosiphoniella [millefolii], sanborni;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus ornatus, persicae;
Protaphis terricola; Uroleucon sonchi
Ch. shahrudense = Tanacetum canescens
Ch. sinense = Ch. morifolium
Ch. sylvaticum = Leucanthemum sylvaticum
Ch. uliginosum = Leucanthemella serotina
Ch. vulgare = Tanacetum vulgare
Ch. yezoense = Dendranthema zawadskii
Ch. zawadskii = Dendranthema zawadskii
Chrysanthemum spp. Aphis craccivora, [kurosawai], [malvae], [solitaria];
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus cardui, lateralis;
[Capitophorus formosanus (= Pleotrichophorus
chrysanthemi?)];
Coloradoa tanacetina;
Macrosiphoniella absinthii, [kikungshana],
oblonga, tanacetaria, yomogifoliae;
Macrosiphum centranthi, pachysiphon, rosae;
[Metopeurum capillatum]; Myzus ascalonicus, ornatus;
Neomyzus circumflexus; Pleotrichophorus chrysanthemi;
Sinomegoura citricola;
[Tetraneura basui, nigriabdominalis];
Uroleucon compositae, formosanum ssp. crepidis,
pseudotanaceti, [rudbeckiae], tanaceti

Key to apterae on Chrysanthemum and Dendranthema:-

(For an illustrated key to the aphids most commonly found on florist’s chrysanthemums see Blackman & Eastop, 2000)

1ANT PT/BASE much less than 1. Body and appendages very hairy…..2
ANT PT/BASE much more than 1. Body and appendages not usually very hairy …..3
2HT II very elongate, more than 0.5 × length of hind tibia. SIPH present as pores on pigmented shallow cones…..Protrama flavescens
HT of normal length, much less than 0.5 × hind tibia. SIPH absent …..Smynthurodes betae
3 Cauda very short, helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view. Spiracular apertures large and rounded…..4
Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped, longer than its basal width. Spiracular apertures reniform …..6
4Dorsum without dark markings. Mesosternum without mammariform processes. R IV+V 1.2-1.3 × HT II. SIPH pale, smooth, 0.8-2.0 × cauda …..Brachycaudus helichrysi
Dorsum with an extensive black shield. Mesosternum with a pair of dark mammariform processes. R IV+V 1.4-2.0 × HT II. SIPH dark, imbricated, 1.7-3.4 × cauda …..5
5 Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 30-61 µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur 10-25µm long…..Brachycaudus lateralis
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are at least 70µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur more than 25µm long…..Brachycaudus cardui
6 SIPH with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation, occupying 0.08-0.8 of length. SIPH tapering/cylindrical…..7
SIPH without any polygonal reticulation, or if with then SIPH markedly swollen …..24
7SIPH with at least basal part pale, although often darker distally…..8
SIPH wholly dark, or dark at base as well as apex…..12
8SIPH 1.0-1.3 × cauda, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.45-0.6 of length …..Macrosiphoniella oblonga
SIPH more than 1.5 × cauda, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.12-0.25 of length …..9
9SIPH mainly dark, pale only on basal third, with polygonal reticulation over distal 0.3-0.4 of length. Cauda tapering almost to a point…..Uroleucon erigeronense
SIPH mainly pale, only dark towards apices, with reticulation of distal 0.12-0.25 of length. Cauda finger-like, almost parallel-sided for part of length…..10
10SIPH flared at apex and completely lacking any flange, the zone of polygonal reticulation ending abruptly at apex (Fig.5i). Dorsal hairs long (those on ABD TERG 3 more than 50 μm long). ANT III with 6-26 rhinaria …..Macrosiphoniella tapuskae
SIPH with zone of polygonal reticulation ending in some transversely elongate cells and a small but distinct flange. Dorsal body hairs shorter (those on ABD TERG 3 not more than 50 μm long). ANT III with 1-10 rhinaria …..11
11Apices of femora and SIPH dark. ANT 1.3-1.6 × BL. Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 33-50 mm long. Cauda with 11-19 hairs…..Macrosiphum centranthi
Apices of femora and SIPH pale/dusky. ANT 0.9-1.4 × BL. Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 20-37 mm long. Cauda with 8-12 hairs…..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
12SIPH 1.7-3.2 × longer than the short, pale cauda, which bears 5-10 hairs …..13
SIPH 0.6-2.3 × cauda, but if more than 1.7 × then cauda is long and finger-like and bears more than 10 hairs…..14
13SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.17-0.25 of length, and usually with a paler middle section. R IV+V 1.0-1.2 × HT II…..Uroleucon tanaceti
SIPH wholly dark, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.25-0.38 of length. R IV+V 1.2-1.4 × HT II…..Uroleucon pseudotanaceti
14 SIPH 0.6-1.2 × cauda, which is dark. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs …..15
SIPH 1.1-2.3 × cauda, but if less than 1.2 × then cauda is pale. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs…..21
15ANT III with 29-55 rhinaria. R IV+V 1.0-1.2 × HT II …..Macrosiphoniella absinthii
ANT III with 4-32 rhinaria, but if with more than 25 then R IV+V is 0.7-0.9 × HT II …..16
16SIPH 0.95-1.2 × cauda, with reticulation on distal 0.26-0.4 of length …..Macrosiphoniella subterranea
SIPH 0.6-0.95 × cauda, with reticulation on distal 0.4-0.8 of length…..17
17ANT III with secondary rhinaria usually distributed over almost its entire length. SIPH with reticulation on distal 0.6-0.8 of length…..Macrosiphoniella sanborni
ANT III with secondary rhinaria restricted to basal 0.6 or less. SIPH with reticulation over distal 0.4-0.7 of length…..18
18ANT III mainly pale, with 2-9 rhinaria. Tibiae with an extensive paler middle sections. Cauda with 10-14 hairs…..Macrosiphoniella pseudoartemisiae
ANT III mainly or wholly dark, with 1-32 rhinaria. Tibiae wholly dark. Cauda with 16-44 hairs…..19
19Dorsal body hairs long, fine and numerous, not in rows, the spinal and pleural hairs usually placed on dark tranverse sclerotic cross-bands (sometimes these are reduced). Hairs on ANT III long and fine…..Macrosiphoniella yomogicola
Dorsal body hairs much fewer and arranged in single somewhat irregular rows across each tergite. Abdomen without dark dorsal cross-bands. hairs on ANT III not long and fine …..20
20R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 2.9-3.5. SIPH with polygonal reticulation extending over distal 0.4-0.55..…Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria
R IV+V 1.0-1.4 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 2.3-2.9. SIPH with polygonal reticulation extending over distal 0.48-0.7….. Macrosiphoniella yomogifoliae
21 Cauda dark, like SIPH…..Uroleucon compositae (or gobonis)
Cauda pale, or much paler than SIPH…..22
22ANT III very long, 1.5-2.1 × ANT IV+V together, and bearing very numerous (96-135) strongly protruberant rhinaria distributed over its entire length …..Uroleucon formosanum
ANT III shorter than or about equal in length to ANT IV+V together, and with 8-38 rhinaria extending over 0.35-0.65 of length…..23
23Coxae black. SIPH 1.4-1.9 × cauda. Dorsal hairs mostly without dark basal sclerites …..Uroleucon sonchi
Coxae pale. SIPH 1.1-1.5 × cauda. Many of dorsal hairs arising from dark scleroites …..Uroleucon ambrosiae
24 Dorsal hairs long, with knobbed or funnel-shaped apices …..Pleotrichophorus chrysanthemi
Dorsal hairs short and blunt, or club- or fan-shaped, or if long then pointed …..25
25Triommatidium merged with compound eye, so that there is no distinct ocular tubercle. Dorsal hairs small, fan- or club-shaped, or at least with somewhat expanded apices. Front of head weakly convex in dorsal view, ANT tubercles undeveloped. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.0. SIPH cylindrical for most of length, slightly swollen subapically. R IV+V with slightly concave sides. Cauda less than 1.5 × its basal width, with 4-5 hairs…..26
Triommatidum forming a distinct ocular tubercle at posterior margin of eye, dorsal hairs with blunt or pointed apices, and other characters not in above combination …..27
26Dorsal hairs fan-shaped (Fig.52c). RIV+V more than 1.1 × HT II. SIPH 0.17-0.2 × BL, with basal part almost smooth (Fig.12o)…..Coloradoa rufomaculata
Dorsal hairs very small and weakly club-shaped, or with only slightly expanded apices (Fig.52d). R IV+V less than 1.1 × HT II. SIPH 0.13-0.18 × BL, with basal part coarsely imbricated like distal part (Fig.52e)…..Coloradoa tanacetina
27ANT 5- or 6-segmented, with penultimate segment less than 1.2 × length of base of last segment. SIPH short and tapering, scabrous or coarsely imbricated, ending in a large flange. Head spiculose…..Tuberocephalus misakurae
ANT 6-segmented, rarely 5-segmented, with penultimate segment more than 1.2 × length of base of last segment. SIPH various, and head smooth or spiculose …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
Chrysobactron see BulbinellaXanthorrhoeaceae
ChrysobalanusChrysobalanaceae
Chrysobalanus oblongifolius = Licania michauxii
Chrysobotrya see RibesGrossulariaceae
ChrysophyllumSapotaceae
Chrysophyllum oliviforme Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
Chrysopogon (including Pollinia)Poaceae
Chrysopogon aciculatus Hysteroneura setariae; Tetraneura akinire
Ch. arnottianus = Ch. nodulibarbis
Ch. aucheriSitobion graminis
Ch. elongatus Diuraphis noxia
Ch. gryllusSipha elegans, maydis; Sitobion avenae
Ch. nodulibarbisSitobion fragariae, graminis, miscanthi
Ch. serrulatus Asiphonella dactylonii
Ch. zeylanicus = Ch. nodulibarbis
Ch. zizanioidesHysteroneura setariae
Chrysopogon sp.Kaochiaoja arthraxonis (? – as Macrosiphum pollinae Shinji)

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

ChrysopsisAsteraceae
Chrysopsis graminifolia Uroleucon chrysopsidicola
Ch. marianaUroleucon chrysopsidicola
Ch. villosa = Heterotheca villosa
ChrysospleniumSaxifragaceae
Chrysosplenium flagelliferum Taiwanomyzus chrysosplenii
Ch. oppositifolium [Jacksonia papillata]
ChrysothamnusAsteraceae
Chrysothamnus frigidus = Ericameria nauseosa
Ch. graveolens = Ericameria nauseosa var. graveolens
Ch. greeneiPleotrichophorus oestlundii
Ch. lanceolatus = Ch. viscidiflorens ssp. lanceolatus
Ch. nauseosus = Ericameria nauseosa
Ch. parryiAphis gregalis, infrequens, zonassa; [Forda marginata];
Pleotrichophorus elongatus, oestlundi, palmerae, packi,
xerozoous
Ch. plattensis = Ericameria nauseosa
Ch. viscidiflorusAphis chrysothamni, gregalis; Durocapillata utahensis;
(incl. sssp. lanceolatus) [Macrosiphoniella glabra];
Pleotrichophorus elongatus, gregarius, magnautensus,
oestlundi, palmerae, pycnorhysus, stroudi, utensis;
Uroleucon erigeronense, [zerogutierrezis]
Chrysothamnus spp. [Artemisaphis artemisicola]; [Aspidaphis adjuvans]
Protaphis middletonii

Key to apterae on Chrysothamnus and Ericameria (also Gutierreza):-

1Many or all dorsal hairs expanded from base, fan- or funnel-shaped, or with fan- or funnel-shaped apices, or (in one species) minute with club-shaped apices. SIPH thin, at midlength less than half thickness of cauda, without any polygonal reticulation…..2
Dorsal hairs never fan-or funnel-shaped; tapering from base, with pointed, blunt or capitate apices. SIPH either thicker or with subapical polygonal reticulation…..13
2R IV+V short and blunt, with the pair of accessory hairs on basal half shorter than or similar in length to the longest pair of primary (subapical) hairs (e.g. Fig.21a)…..3
R IV+V acutely pointed or with extended, tubular apex, with the pair of accessory hairs on the basal half usually longer than the longest subapical pair (Fig.21b) .….6
3SIPH distinctly clavate, with maximum diameter of distal half about 1.4 × minimum diameter on basal half…..Pleotrichophorus lagacei
SIPH not distinctly clavate, if at all swollen on distal half then maximum diameter no more than 1.25 × minimum diameter on basal half…..4
4SIPH 1.80-3.13 × cauda, and mainly pale, only darker distally …..Pleotrichophorus pycnorhysus
SIPH 0.78-1.63 × cauda, and mainly dark…..5
5Dorsal body hairs minute (less than 10 μm long), club-shaped (Fig.21c). Ventral side of ANT I with 15 or more hairs. SIPH 0.78-1.03 × cauda …..Pleotrichophorus magnautensus
Dorsal body hairs larger, fan-or funnel-shaped (Fig.21d). Ventral side of ANT I with less then 10 hairs. SIPH 1.06-1.63 × cauda…..Pleotrichophorus utensis
6 Dorsal abdomen with cuticle raised into paired longitudinal rows of spinal (and often also smaller, pleural) tubercles, largest on ABD TERG 5-7, bearing groups of spinal and pleural fan- and funnel-shaped hairs (e.g. Fig.21e)…..7
Dorsal abdomen without tubercles…..8
7R IV+V 0.6-0.7 × HT II. SIPH mainly pale, only dark at apices. Cauda usually with 3 pairs of lateral hairs, plus 0-3 dorsal hairs…..Pleotrichophorus xerozoous
R IV+V 0.7-1.0 × HT II. SIPH dark at least on distal half of length. Cauda usually with 4 pairs of lateral hairs plus 0-6 dorsal ones…..Pleotrichophorus gregarius
8 SIPH long and thin, 0.22-0.39 × BL…..9
SIPH 0.11-0.21 × BL…..12
9SIPH pale, sometimes dusky towards apices. Cauda with 5-6 hairs (only 2 lateral pairs). Dorsal cephalic hairs all short and fan- or funnel-shaped (Fig.21f) …..Pleotrchophorus elongatus
SIPH dark over at least distal half of length. Cauda with 5-21 hairs (usually 3-5 lateral pairs). Dorsal cephalic hairs varying in form; all fan- or funnel-shaped, or with some longer hairs with flattened, blunt or pointed apices…..10
10All dorsal cephalic hairs expanded from base; fan- or funnel-shaped, or with flattened, fan- or funnel-shaped apices. Accessory hairs on R IV+V not or hardly longer than longest subapical hairs…..Pleotrichophorus stroudi*
Frontal dorsal cephalic hairs long, with blunt, slightly expanded or pointed apices (e.g. Fig.21g). Accessory hairs on R IV+V distinctly longer than longest of subapical hairs …..11
11SIPH 0.32-0.39 × BL and 2.04-3.02 × cauda; dark except for pale basal 0.15-0.2 of length. Cauda tapering, with 5-13 hairs (usually 3-5 lateral pairs). Posterior dorsal cephalic hairs expanded from base, with spatulate apices (Fig.21g) …..Pleotrichophorus packi
SIPH 0.27-0.33 × BL and 1.58-2.11 × cauda, with pale basal part 0.35-0.6 of length. Posterior dorsal cephalic hairs variable, sometimes with flattened or spatulate apices, or with blunt or pointed apices, but not expanded from base. Cauda rather thick, with 10-21 hairs (usually 5-8 lateral pairs)…..Pleotrichophorus sporadicus complex (sporadicus, neosporadicus, packi ssp. brevis)
12. Dorsal cuticle rather sclerotic with blunt spicules irregularly distributed among the fan-shaped hairs (Fig.21h). Cauda with 3 pairs of lateral hairs and 4-10 dorsal hairs that are usually spatulate or have funnel-shaped apices …..Pleotrichophorus oestlundi
Dorsal cuticle without any generally distributed large spicules. Cauda with 2 pairs of lateral hairs and a single dorsal hair which has a blunt or pointed apex …..Pleotrichophorus wasatchii
13 SIPH with subapical polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles well developed, their inner faces smooth and divergent. Cauda long and finger-like…..14
SIPH without any polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles absent or weakly developed. Cauda short, triangular or helmet-shaped…..17
14SIPH wholly dark, 1.0-1.5 × cauda, which bears 12-27 hairs …..Uroleucon ambrosiae group (incl. U. aaroni)
SIPH paler at base, 1.7-2.5 × cauda, which bears 5-11 hairs…..15
15ANT IV of alata with 9-12 secondary rhinaria, and ANT IV of aptera sometimes with 1-3 secondary rhinaria….. Uroleucon zerogutierrezis
ANT IV of alata usually without rhinaria, rarely with 1-4, and ANT IV of aptera always without rhinaria …..16
16R IV+V 1.2-1.3 × HT II. Caudal hairs all long and strong …..Uroleucon riojanum
R IV+V 0.9-1.1 × HT II. Distal caudal hairs usually short and blunt or capitate …..Uroleucon erigeronense
17 Most hairs on dorsum and ANT III with distinctly capitate apices. SIPH thick and tapering, almost smooth, with a very marked subapical incision and a large flange (Fig.21i) …..Durocapillata utahensis
Hairs on dorsum and ANT III blunt or pointed. SIPH imbricated, without a subapical incision and with a moderately developed flange…..18
18R IV+V stiletto-shaped, with R V extended as a needle-like tip, and R IV with a pair of very finely pointed accessory hairs, as long as or longer than the subapical (primary) hairs (Fig.21j, k)…..19
R IV+V varying in shape but R V is not extended as a needle-like tip, and the accessory hairs are usually shorter than the longest of the subapical pairs…..21
19R IV+V (Fig.21j) 0.11-0.18 mm long, 1.1-1.4 × HT II. Dorsal abdomen usually with a dark central sclerite of irregular shape on tergites 1-3 or 1-4 …..Aphis chrysothamni
R IV+V 0.21-0.29 mm long, 1.75-2.4 × HT II. Dorsal abdomen without dark markings anterior to SIPH, or with small sclerites not fused between tergites…..20
20R IV+V (Fig.21k) 0.21-0.24 mm long, 1.75-2.0 × HT II. ANT III without secondary rhinaria…..Aphis chrysothamnicola
R IV+V 0.24-0.29 mm long, 2.0-2.4 × HT II. ANT III with 0-4 secondary rhinaria …..Aphis infrequens
21SIPH 1.6-1.8 × cauda and 1.7-1.9 × R IV+V. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 0-1, IV 4-8, V 0-1…..Aphis zonassa*
SIPH 0.7-1.5 × cauda and 0.6-1.3 × R IV+V. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 0-10, IV 0-3, V 0-2…..22
22Cauda rounded at apex, with 10-16 hairs. Hairs on ANT III short, recumbent, with rather blunt apices, the longest of them 0.5-0.8 × BD III…..Protaphis middletonii group (incl. crypta, gutierrezis)
Cauda triangular, bluntly pointed at apex, with 8-12 hairs (e.g. Fig.21l). Longest hairs on ANT III are 1-3 × BD III, with fine-pointed apices…..23
23ANT PT/BASE 1.3-2.0…..Aphis ornata
ANT PT/BASE 1.1-1.5…..Aphis gregalis
ChusqueaPoaceae
Chusquea abietifolia Hysteroneura setariae
Ch. tomentosaRhopalosiphum chusqueae
Ch. valdiviensisRhopalosiphum padi
Chusquea sp(p). Aphis craccivora; Aploneura lentisci; Melanaphis donacis
SIPH and cauda both dark, SIPH being distinctly swollen on distal half, and cauda finger-like with a midway constriction and bearing 5 hairs. ANT 6-segmented, with longest hairs on ANT III 55-65 μm long, 1.8-2.6 × basal diameter of segment, and ANT PT/BASE 3.9-4.4…..Rhopalosiphum chusqueae
Without that combination of characters…..go to key to grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria (or also try keys to aphids on bamboos under Arundinaria and Bambusa)
CiccaEuphorbiaceae
Cicca acida = Phyllanthus acidus
CicerFabaceae
Cicer arietinumAcyrthosiphon gossypii, pisum;
Aphis craccivora, fabae; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
[Therioaphis trifolii]
C. songaricum[Acyrthosiphon hissaricum]; [Paracletus cimiciformis]

Use key to apterae on Pisum (Acyrthosiphon hissaricum could not be keyed on the basis of the available information).

CicerbitaAsteraceae
Cicerbita alpina[Amphorophora gei]; Aphis fabae; Aulacothum solani;
Macrosiphum alpinum, euphorbiae, polanense;
Nasonovia ribisnigri; Uroleucon sonchi
C. azureaAcyrthosiphon ilka
C. cacaliifolia = C. macrophylla
C. macrophylla Nasonovia ribisnigri;
Uroleucon cicerbitae, longisetosum, sonchi
C. pancicii = Lactuca pancicii
C. racemosa = Lactuca racemosa
C. reticulata (?)Aphis craccivora
C. rosea = Mulgedium roseum

Key to apterae on Cicerbita:-

1SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.1-0.4 of length. Cauda bearing 12-34 hairs. ANT III with 10 or more rhinaria…..2
SIPH without distal polygonal reticulation (or if with then other characters do not apply) …..6
2 SIPH mainly pale, tapering/cylindrical, with a rather constricted subapical zone of polygonal reticulation occupying less than 0.2 of total length. Postsiphuncular sclerites absent …..3
SIPH dark, cylindrical, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.15-0.40 of length, the reticulated section not at all constricted. Large dark postsiphuncular sclerites present …..4
3Cauda with 17-21 hairs. ABD TERG 8 with 10-11 hairs, and disc of subgenital plate with 3-4 hairs.…..Macrosiphum polanense
Cauda with 12-15 hairs, ABD TERG 8 with 6-9 hairs, and disc of subgenital plate with 4-12 hairs…..Macrosiphum alpinum
4SIPH 1.21-1.25 × cauda, which bears 12-17 hairs. SIPH with reticulation on distal 0.35-0.40…..Uroleucon longisetosum
SIPH 1.4-2.1 × cauda, which bears 23-30 hairs. SIPH with reticulation on distal 0.15-0.30 …..5
5R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II. SIPH reticulated over distal 0.15-0.25 of length. Hind coxae much darker than trochanters. Dorsal hairs not arising from distinct dark scleroites …..Uroleucon sonchi
R IV+V 1.05-1.15 × HT II. SIPH reticulated over distal 0.25-0.30 of length. Hind coxae pale like trochanters. Dorsal hairs mostly arsing from dark scleroites …..Uroleucon cicerbitae
6ANT PT/BASE 8-11. ANT III with 7-28 rhinaria extending over 0.4-0.7 of length. Spiracular apertures on pro-and metathorax much larger than those on abdomen …..Nasonovia ribisnigri
ANT PT/BASE 1.7-7.5. ANT III with 0-3 rhinaria near base. Thoracic spiracular apertures similar in size and form to abdominal ones…..7
7SIPH dark (or if pale then either clavate or with subapical polygonal reticulation) …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
SIPH pale or only dark at apices, tapering/cylindrical, without subapical polygonal reticulation…..8
8Head spinulose, ANT tubercles with inner faces steep-sided, almost parallel. R IV+V 1.05-1.50 × HT II. ANT BASE VI 1.2-2.0 × HT II…..Aulacorthum solani
Head smooth, ANT tubercles with inner faces divergent. R IV+V 0.75-0.93 × HT II. ANT BASE VI 0.9-1.11 × HT II…..Acyrthosiphon ilka
CichoriumAsteraceae
Cichorium divaricatum (?) Aphis intybi
C. endivia (incl. ssp. pumilum) Aphis craccivora, fabae, intybi;
Aulacorthum solani; Hyperomyzus lactucae;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus [certus], ornatus, persicae;
Nasonovia ribisnigri; Pemphigus bursarius;
Prociphilus erigeronensis; Protaphis pseudocardui; Protrama flavescens; Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon;
Trama caudata, troglodytes;
Uroleucon ambrosiae, cichorii, murale, picridis, sonchi
C. intybusAcyrthosiphon [gossypii], ilka;
Aphis albella, craccivora, fabae, gossypii, intybi,
[vandergooti];
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus helichrysi;
Hyperomyzus lactucae, picridis; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus ornatus, persicae; Nasonovia ribisnigri;
Pemphigus bursarius, [vesicarius];
Prociphilus erigeronensis;
Protaphis anuraphoides, [elatior], middletonii, [Protaphis
sp. (Mier Durante, 1978; Holman & Pintera, 1981)];
Protrama flavescens, radicis;
Trama caudata, maritima, [narzykulovi], pamirica,
troglodytes;
Uroleucon altaicum, cichorii, [cirsii], [jaceae], picridis,
pseudambrosiae, sonchi;
Xerobion inthybi
C. pumilum = C. endivia ssp. pumilum
C. spinosumAphis fabae
Cichorium spp.[Trama rara]

Key to apterae on Cichorium:-

[For keys to common aphids on C. endiva and C. intybus see Blackman & Eastop (2000).]

1Hind tarsus II elongate, much longer than other tarsi…..2
Hind tarsus II of normal length…..6
2SIPH completely absent. Eyes of 3 facets…..Trama troglodytes
SIPH present as slightly raised pores. Eyes usually with more than 12 facets …..3
3ANT VI similar in length to ANT V or a little longer, with PT at least one third as long as BASE VI. Many apterae alatiform with dark tranverse bands on dorsal abdomen …..4
ANT VI a little shorter than ANT V, with PT very short. No dorsal abdominal pigmentation …..5
4HT II 0.72-0.87 × length of hind tibia. Hind tibia 5.0-6.4 × ANT IV. R IV with 8-12 accessory (dorsal) hairs….. Protrama radicis
HT II 0.59-0.70 × length of hind tibia. Hind tibia 6.5-9.2 × ANT IV. R IV with 6-8 accessory (dorsal) hairs…..Protrama flavescens
5ANT III 2.3-2.9 × ANT IV. HT II 3.3-4.2 × ANT VI (incl. PT)…..Trama maritima (or pamirica?)
ANT III 1.6-2.25 × ANT IV. HT II 2.6-3.5 × ANT VI (incl. PT) …..Trama caudata
6ANT PT/BASE less than 0.3. SIPH absent. Eyes with only 3 facets…..7
ANT PT/BASE more than 0.5. SIPH present. Eyes multi-faceted…..8
7R IV+V 0.08-0.12 mm long, a little shorter than last ANT segment (incl. PT), and without any accessory hairs. Hairs at apices of tibiae and first tarsal segments short and thick …..Pemphigus bursarius
R IV+V 0.13-0.175 mm long, as long as or longer than last ANT segment and bearing 4-8 accessory hairs. Hairs at apices of hind tibiae and first tarsal segments long and fine …..Prociphilus erigeronensis
8 ANT tubercles absent or weakly developed…..9
ANT tubercles well developed…..18
9Cauda short, helmet-shaped or bluntly triangular, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view…..10
Cauda tongue-shaped, clearly longer than its basal width…..14
10ANT PT/BASE c.0.58…..Xerobion inthybi
ANT PT/BASE 0.8-3.2…..11
11SIPH pale, smooth-surfaced, with an annular incision below the well-developed flange. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu). ANT PT/BASE 2.4-3.2 …..Brachycaudus helichrysi
SIPH dark, without a subapical annular incision, and flange small. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with large MTu. ANT PT/BASE 0.8-2.3…..12
12ANT PT/BASE 1.5-2.4. Cauda as dark as SIPH…..Protaphis middletonii
ANT PT/BASE 0.8-1.4. Cauda paler than SIPH…..13
13 ANT III usually without secondary rhinaria (rarely with 1-3). R IV+V 1.28-1.36 × HT II. Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 0.7-1.1 × ANT BD III …..Protaphis pseudocardui
ANT III usually with (1-10) secondary rhinaria. R IV+V 1.45-1.65 × HT II. Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 1.2-1.3 × ANT BD III …..Protaphis anuraphoides
14Cauda black like SIPH. Dark dorsal markings present, at least on head, thorax and ABD TERG 7 and 8, and often more extensive…..15
Cauda pale or, if dusky to dark, then paler than SIPH. No dark dorsal markings …..17
15Dorsal abdominal dark markings not fused between segments. hairs on ANT III 0.8-3.4 × BD III. Cauda with 11-27 hairs…..Aphis fabae
Dorsal abdomen with dark markings usually fused between segments to form a central patch or shield. Hairs on ANT III 0.25-0.75 × BD III. Cauda with 4-9 hairs…..16
16R IV+V 1.25-1.75 × ANT BASE VI (only less than 1.3 × in large specimens (BL 2 mm or more). R IV+V 1.1-1.5 × HT II…..Aphis intybi
R IV+V usually 0.8-1.2 × ANT BASE VI (1.2-1.4 × in hot-weather dwarfs). R IV+V 0.7-1.3 × HT II…..Aphis craccivora
17 SIPH dark…..Aphis gossypii
SIPH pale …..Aphis albella
18 Head spiculose, with inner faces of ANT tubercles almost parallel or apically convergent…..19
Head smooth, with inner faces of ANT tubercles divergent…..22
19SIPH black and markedly inflated …..Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon
SIPH pale or only dusky at apices, tapering or only slightly clavate…..20
20Dorsal abdomen with a pattern of dark intersegmental markings. ANT PT/BASE 1.7-2.8. SIPH coarsely imbricated, tapering and with a slight S-curve …..Myzus ornatus
Dorsal abdomen without any dark markings. ANT PT/BASE 2.8-5.5. SIPH moderately imbricated, cylindrical and almost straight, or slightly clavate…..21
21SIPH slightly clavate. ANT III never with rhinaria…..Myzus persicae
SIPH cylindrical. ANT III usually with 1-2 small rhinaria near base …..Aulacorthum solani
22 SIPH strongly clavate…..23
SIPH tapering or cylindrical…..24
23Dorsum pale. R IV+V 0.88-1.0 × HT II…..Hyperomyzus lactucae
ABD TERG 1-6 with dark pleural flecks. R IV+V 1.45-1.8 × HT II …..Hyperomyzus picridis
24SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation occupying 0.12-0.43 of total length …..25
SIPH without any subapical polygonal reticulation, or with striae containing a few closed cells but occupying less than 0.1 of total length…..32
25SIPH pale at least basally, sometimes rather darker towards apices, with reticulation on distal 0.12-0.20 of length. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs. ANT III with 1-11 rhinaria…..26
SIPH black, with reticulation of numerous rather small polygonal cells on distal 0.16-0.43 of length. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs. ANT III with 8-97 rhinaria…..27
26ANT PT/BASE 4.3-6.1. HT II 0.13-0.18 mm. Dorsal hairs never on scleroites, and no postsiphuncular sclerites….. Macrosiphum euphorbiae
ANT PT/BASE 2.9-3.6. HT II 0.175-0.21 mm. At least some of dorsal hairs usually arising from small pigmented scleroites, and large (but sometimes weakly pigmented) postsiphuncular sclerites present…..Uroleucon altaicum*
27Dorsal hairs on ABD TERG 1-5 mostly not placed on dark scleroites. R IV+V 0.73-0.88 × HT II…..Uroleucon sonchi
Dorsal hairs on ABD TERG 1-5 all or mostly placed on dark scleroites. R IV+V 0.76-1.84 × HT II…..28
28Crescent-shaped black antesiphuncular sclerites present…..29
Antesiphuncular sclerites absent or indistinct…..30
29R IV+V 1.45-1.84 × HT II…..Uroleucon picridis
R IV+V 1.17-1.33 × HT II…..Uroleucon cichorii
30SIPH long and thin (c.11-17 × longer than diameter at midlength), 1.5-1.9 × cauda. R IV+V 0.75-0.9 (-1.0) × HT II). ANT III with 20-36 rather large rhinaria occupying 0.87-0.98 of length of segment…..Uroleucon murale
SIPH rather thick (c.8-12 × longer than diameter at midlength), 1.1-1.5 × cauda. R IV+V 0.9-1.45× HT II. ANT III with 8-46 secondary rhinaria on basal 0.5-0.7 of segment …..31
31HT II rather long and thin, about 6 × its maximum thickness, and 0.9-1.1 × R IV+V …..Uroleucon pseudambrosiae
HT II shorter, less than 5 × its maximum thickness and 0.7-0.95 × R IV+V …..Uroleucon ambrosiae
32Dorsal abdomen with paired dark intersegmental markings, closer together on ABD TERG 4 and 5 than on more anterior segments. Spiracular apertures on pro-and metathorax much larger than those on abdomen. SIPH 0.18-0.26 × BL …..Nasonovia ribisnigri
Dorsal abdomen without dark markings. Spiracular apertures on thorax of similar size to those on abdomen. SIPH 0.26-0.34 × BL…..Acyrthosiphon ilka
Ciclospermum see CyclospermumApiaceae
CicutaApiaceae
Cicuta bulbiferaCavariella konoi
C. californica = C. douglasii
C. douglasiiAphis gossypii
C. maculata (incl. var. angustifolia) Aphis asclepiadis, saniculae, spiraecola, thaspii;
Cavariella aegopodii, [hendersoni], konoi, pastinacae,
theobaldi;
Hyadaphis foeniculi; [Pemphigus sp. (as lactucae)];
Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae
C. occidentalis = C. maculata var. angustifolia
C. virosaAnuraphis subterranea;
Aphis fabae, grosmannae, nasturtii, [schilderi];
Cavariella aegopodii, cicutae, cicutisucta, konoi,
pastinacae;
Macrosiphum gei; Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae;
Semiaphis anthrisci;
[Wahlgreniella nervata (as Amphorophora cicutae Shinji)]
Cicuta spp.Dysaphis apiifolia

Key to apterae on Cicuta:-

1ABD TERG 8 with a posteriorly projecting process above cauda; sometimes reduced to a small, warty, knob in the centre of ABD TERG 8, with 2 associated hairs …..2
No supracaudal process, nor are there 2 hairs on ABD TERG 8 close together and associated with a warty knob…..7
2ABD TERG 8 with a warty knob. SIPH tapering/cylindrical. R IV+V c 0.22 mm, longer than ANT PT…..Cavariella cicutisucta
ABD TERG 8 with an evident backwardly-pointing process. SIPH clavate. R IV+V 0.08-0.19 mm, usually shorter than ANT PT (except in cicutae)…..3
3SIPH tapering, with no trace of swelling…..Cavariella theobaldi
SIPH clavate…..4
4ANT PT/BASE 0.6-1.3. R IV+V with 0-2 accessory hairs…..5
ANT PT/BASE 1.4-4.0. R IV+V always with 2 accessory hairs…..6
5Supracaudal process large, broad-based, projecting beyond and usually covering cauda. SIPH thick, less than 5 × longer than their maximum width …..Cavariella cicutae
Supracaudal process finger-like and not projecting beyond tip of cauda. SIPH more than 5 × longer than their maximum width …..Cavariella aegopodii
6 ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.0…..Cavariella konoi
ANT PT/BASE 2.6-4.0…..Cavariella pastinacae
7ANT tubercles well developed. SIPH cylindrical with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Longest hairs on dorsal abdomen 66-106 μm. Anterior half of subgenital plate with 2-11 (usually 4-8) hairs…..Macrosiphum gei
ANT tubercles weakly developed or absent. SIPH without polygonal reticulation. Dorsal abdominal hairs shorter and/or fewer hairs on anterior part of subgenital plate …..8
8SIPH very small and flangeless, only about 0.5 × cauda, with aperture slanted towards midline of body…..Semiaphis anthrisci
SIPH more than 0.75 × cauda…..9
9 SIPH clavate…..10
SIPH tapering or cylindrical…..11
10SIPH more than 2 × cauda. Dorsal cuticle with a reticulate pattern of small round bead-like spinules arranged in polygons. R IV+V 1.0-1.5 × HT II …..Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae
SIPH 0.9-1.4 × cauda. Dorsal cuticle without spinules arranged in polygons. R IV+V 0.7-0.8 × HT II…..Hyadaphis foeniculi
11 Cauda helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view. Head and ABD TERG 8 or 7-8 usually with spinal tubercles (STu)…..12
Cauda tongue-shaped, longer than its basal width. Head without, and ABD TERG 7-8 usually without, STu….13
12 SIPH with close-set rows of fine spinules. Cauda with 11-12 hairs …..Anuraphis subterranea
SIPH with normal imbrication. Cauda with 5 hairs ….. Dysaphis apiifolia
13ABD TERG 1-7 or 1-5 and 7 with well-developed marginal tubercles (MTu) …..Aphis grosmannae
MTu only regularly present on ABD TERG 1 and 7, with occasionally small ones on other segments…..14
14Hind femora with many long fine hairs, most of them as long as or longer than width of trochantro-femoral suture. Cauda 1.6-2.5 × ANT BASE VI…..15
Hind femora with most or all hairs shorter than width of trochantro-femoral suture. Cauda 1.2-1.9 × ANT BASE VI…..16
15SIPH 0.75-1.1 × ANT III and 1.8-2.7 × ANT BASE VI. Cauda hardly constricted near midlength and bearing 11-24 hairs. ABD TERG 7 and 8 with dark bands and dark dorsal markings also anterior to SIPH. (Al. with 10-23 rhinaria on ANT III) …..Aphis fabae
SIPH 1.1-1.45 × ANT III and 2.8-3.4 × ANT BASE VI. Cauda usually clearly constricted near midlength and bearing 6-15 (usually 9-11) hairs. Abdomen without any dark markings. (Al. with 4-12 rhinaria on ANT III)…..Aphis spiraecola
16 ANT III-V (of apt.) usually with sec. rhin. (III 0-14, IV 0-12, V 0-8) …..Aphis saniculae
ANT III-V (of apt.) without sec. rhin. (except in alatiform specimens) …..17
17SIPH mainly pale or dusky, only dark towards apices…..Aphis nasturtii
SIPH uniformly dark…..18
18SIPH much darker than cauda, which bears 4-7 (-8) hairs…..Aphis gossypii
SIPH and cauda similarly pigmented. Cauda with 8-12 hairs…..19
19HT I with 3 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 16-35 μm, 0.6-1.2 × BD III. (Al. with sec. rhin. III 14-40, IV 0-2, V 0)…..Aphis asclepiadis
HT I with 2 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 10-15 μm, 0.3-0.5 × BD III. (Al. with sec.rhin. III 28-56, IV 5-11, V 0-6)…..Aphis thaspii
CienfuegosiaMalvaceae
Cienfuegosia gossypioides = C. sturtianum
C. sturtianumMyzus persicae
Cimicifuga see ActaeaRanunculaceae
Cimicifuga dahurica = Actaea dahurica
C. foetida = Actaea cimicifuga
C. heracleifolia = Actaea heracleifolia
C. simplex = Actaea simplex
Cimicifuga sp. (= Actaea sp.?) Aphis fabae; Aulacorthum solani

Use key to apterae under Actaea.

Cinchona Rubiaceae
Cinchona ledgeriana Aphis aurantii, gossypii, odinae, spiraecola

(Use key to polyphagous aphids.)

CinerariaAsteraceae
Cineraria cruentaAcyrthosiphon malvae; Aphis fabae, gossypii;
(= Pericallis cruenta) Aulacorthum solani;
Brachycaudus cardui, helichrysi, lateralis;
Eriosoma patchiae; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus ascalonicus, ornatus, persicae;
Neomyzus circumflexus
C. hybrida see C. cruenta
C. renifolia = Dolichorrhiza renifolia
C. saxifragaAphis gossypii; Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae
C. stellata see C. cruenta
Cineraria spp.Aphis craccivora, [umbrella]; Myzus ascalonicus;
Sitobion miscanthi

Key to apterae on Cineraria:-

1SIPH as large pores with partially sclerotised rims, ringed with hairs. ANT PT/BASE less than 0.8. Dorsal body with wax glands on all segments, each normally comprising a ring of facets around a central pore …..Eriosoma patchiae
SIPH conical or tubular. ANT PT/BASE more than 1. No discrete wax glands …..2
2Cauda tongue-shaped, clearly longer than its basal width. Spiracular apertures reniform …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
Cauda helmet-shaped, short, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view. Spiracular apertures large and rounded…..3
3 Dorsum without dark markings. Mesosternum without mammariform processes. R IV+V 0.10-0.15 mm, 1.2-1.3 × HT II. SIPH pale, smooth, 0.8-2.0 × cauda …..Brachycaudus helichrysi
Dorsum with an extensive black shield. Mesosternum with a pair of dark mammariform processes. R IV+V 0.17-0.24 mm, 1.4-2.0 × HT II. SIPH dark, imbricated, 1.7-3.4 × cauda …..4
4 Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 30-61 µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur 10-25µm long …..Brachycaudus lateralis
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are at least 70µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur more than 25µm long…..Brachycaudus cardui
CinnaPoaceae
Cinna latifoliaRhopalosiphum padi; Sitobion fragariae

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Cinnamomum Cinnamons Lauraceae

Aphids recorded from camphor (C. camphora) and cinnamon (C. zeylandicum) are included in Blackman & Eastop (2000). The key following the host list includes all aphids recorded from members of the genus Cinnamomum.

Cinnamomum brevifolium Euthoracaphis umbellulariae
C. burmanniAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii; Euthoracaphis heterotricha;
Sinomegoura citricola;
C. camphoraCamphor Tree
Aiceona actinodaphnis, japonica;
Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii, citricidus
Euthoracaphis umbellulariae; Machilus machili;
Sinomegoura citricola
C. inersEuthoracaphis heterotricha
C. japonicumEuthoracaphis umbellulariae; Machilaphis pseudomachili;
Sinomegoura citricola; Thoracaphis sp.
C. loureiriiSinomegoura citricola
C. pedunculatumEuthoracaphis umbellulariae
C. tamala[Myzus persicae]
C. zeylanicumCinnamon Tree
Euthoracaphis heterotricha;
[Micromyzus nigrum van de Goot 1918];
Sinomegoura citricola

Key to aphids on Cinnamomum:-

1 SIPH longer than basal width…..2
SIPH either inconspicuous pores or broad cones, shorter than basal width …..4
2 Body spindle-shaped. Cauda very large with pointed apex. SIPH dark apically, pale on basal half. No stridulatory apparatus…..Sinomegoura citricola
Body broadly oval. Cauda rounded at apex. SIPH wholly dark. Stridulatory apparatus present…..3
3 Cauda with usually more than 25 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III longer than basal diameter of segment. BL often 2 mm or more….. Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus
Cauda with usually less than 20 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III shorter than basal diameter of segment. BL less than 2 mm….. Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
4 Body of aptera aleyrodiform; subcircular, sclerotized, with much reduced legs and antennae …..5
Body of aptera of normal aphid type with well-developed legs and antennae …..7
5 Dorsal area of prosoma entire…..Thoracaphis sp.
Dorsal area of prosoma with distinct sutures dividing it into a large quadrate central area, plus an anterior and two dorsolateral areas (fig. 39A) …..6
6 Prosoma with two longitudinal spinal rows of long thick hairs (80-125 µm long) in addition to many long and short fine hairs (fig.39B ) …..Euthoracaphis heterotricha
Prosoma with all hairs fine, the longest of them 40-80 µm long (fig. 39C)…..Euthoracaphis umbellulariae
7 SIPH in form of small sclerotized rings. Wax glands evident. Hairs rather sparse and mainly short…..8
SIPH in form of broad hairy cones. Wax glands not evident. Hairs long and numerous …..9
8 Wax pore plates on posterior abdomen mostly with circles of minute wax pores like small pearl necklaces, supplemented with fields of similar-sized ring-shaped elements; wax pore plate on ABD TERG 8 has entirely such circles of minute pores except for a narrow median zone with a few ring-shaped elements. R IV+V with 4-8 accessory hairs. Alata with 0-4 secondary rhinaria on ANT III …..Machilaphis machili
Wax pore plates on posterior abdomen including that on ABD TERG 8 consisting entirely of ring-shaped elements. R IV+V with 3-4 accessory hairs. Alata with 7-11 secondary rhinaria on ANT III…..Machilaphis pseudomachili
9 R IV+V shorter than HT II…..Aiceona japonica
R IV+V longer than HT II…..Aiceona actinodaphne
CircaeaOnagraceae
Circaea alpina Ericaphis ?wakibae see aphidtrek.org
Circaea sp.Aphis fabae
CirriphyllumBrachythecaceae
Cirriphyllum piliferum Muscaphis escherichi
CirsiumAsteraceae
Cirsium achantarense (?) Aulacorthum cirsicola
C. acarna = Picnomon acarna
C. acauleAulacorthum solani; Protrama radicis; Trama troglodytes
C. afrum = Ptilostemon afer
C. alatumAphis fabae, janischi, solanella; Dysaphis radicivorans
C. altissimumAphis asclepiadis, fabae; Capitophorus elaeagni
C. americanum = C. scariosum var. americanum
C. aomorenseCapitophorus cirsiiphagus, elaeagni
C. argyracanthum Uroleucon kumaoni
C. arvenseAphis [acanthoidis], craccivora,
[euonymi of Bozhko (1976a) = solanella?], fabae,
fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis, gossypii, janischi, nasturtii,
solanella
Aulacorthum solani; Bipersona ochrocentri, torticauda;
Brachycaudus cardui, cardui ssp. turanica, helichrysi;
Capitophorus carduinus, elaeagni, gynoxanthus, [horni];
Chitinosiphum cirsorhizum;
Dysaphis atina, lappae ssp. cirsii, radicivorans;
Hyperomyzus lactucae; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus cymbalariae, persicae; [Nasonovia ribisnigri];
Protaphis ancathiae, anuraphoides, terricola, turanica,
[Aphis (Protaphis) sp.- Holman and Pintera, 1981)];
Protrama [flavescens], radicis; Smynthurodes betae
Trama [mordvilkoi Börner 1940], [caudata], troglodytes;
Uroleucon aeneum, cephalonopli, cirsicola, cirsii, gobonis,
jaceae, [ jaceae ssp. henrichi], [nigrotuberculatum],
pepperi, [rudbeckiae], [sonchi];
[Xerobion compositae]
C. brevistylumCapitophorus elaeagni; Uroleucon cirsii
C. buergeriCapitophorus elaeagni
C. candelabrumAphis fabae group
C. canescensBipersona torticauda
C. canumAphis cirsiioleracei, fabae; Brachycaudus cardui;
Uroleucon cirsii
C. caput-medusae Brachycaudus cardui
C. carniolicumAphis fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis
C. caucasicumAphis fabae group; Brachycaudus cardui
C. cephalotesBrachycaudus cardui
C. ciliatumAphis fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis
C. coloradense = S. scariosum var. coloradense
C. coryletorumAphis cirsiphila, fabae group; Uroleucon cephalonopli
C. costaricenseCapitophorus elaeagni
C. creticumAphis fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis;
Brachycaudus helichrysi; Capitophorus bulgaricus;
Uroleucon aeneum, cirsii
C. desertorum = C. alatum
C. dipsacolepis[Aphis horii? doubtful record – see Takahashi (1966)]
C. discolorAphis fabae group; Brachycaudus cardui;
Capitophorus elaeagni
C. dissectum Aphis fabae group; Uroleucon cirsii, jaceae
C. ducellieriCapitophorus elaeagni
C. eatonii var. eriocephalum Aphis asclepiadis; Capitophorus elaeagni
C. echinusBrachycaudus cardui
C. eduleBrachycaudus cardui; Capitophorus elaeagni
C. elodes (or alatum?) [Aphis viridescens Bozhko = cirsiioleracei?];
Protaphis anuraphoides; Uroleucon jaceae
C. engelmannii Bipersona torticauda; Uroleucon longirostre
C. eriophorumAphis fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis; Brachycaudus cardui;
Dysaphis lappae ssp. cirsii
C. erisithalesAphis fabae, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus cardui;
Capitophoris elaeagni, [gynoxantha];
Nasonovia ribisnigri; Uroleucon aeneum, macrosiphon
C. esculentumUroleucon cirsii
C. falconeri[Capitophorus gynoxanthus]
C. filipendulum = C. engelmannii
C. flavispina = C. pyrenaicum
C. flodmaniiBipersona torticauda; Neomyzus circumflexus
C. foliosumAphis fabae
C. furiensCapitophorus bulgaricus
C. glabrifoliumBrachycaudus cardui ssp. turanica; Capitophorus elaeagni
C. glabrumAphissolanella
C. helenioidesAcyrthosiphon malvae;
Aphis fabae, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus cardui, helichrysi;
Capitophorus carduinus, elaeagni, [gynoxanthus];
Dysaphis lappae ssp. cirsii; [Macrosiphum chukotense];
Uroleucon cirsii, jaceae, [sonchi]
C. heterophylloides = helenioides
C. heterophyllum = helenioides (?)
C. horridulum (incl. var. vittatum) Capitophorus elaeagni
C. horridum Fisch. = C. caucasicum
C. incanum = C. arvense
C. italicumBrachycaudus cardui, helichrysi
C. japonicumAulacorthum cirsicola, vandenboschi;
Capitophorus cirsiiphagus, elaeagni, [evelaeagni],
montanus;
[Macrosiphum naazamiae Shinji];
[Micromyzodium nipponicum];
Uroleucon cephalonopli, [formosanum], giganteum,
gobonis, [rudbeckiae]
C. japonicum var. maackii Aphis fabae; Aulacorthum cirsicola;
Capitophorus cirsiiphagus, elaeagni, montanus;
Chitinosiphum cirsorhizum;
Uroleucon cephalonopli, giganteum, gobonis, [lactucicola]
C. japonicum var. ussuriense = C. japonicum var. maackii
C. kamtschaticum Aphis fabae group; Aulacorthum cirsicola, solani;
Capitophorus elaeagni; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Uroleucon cephalonopli, giganteum
C. kawakamiiUroleucon gobonis
C. lanceolatum = C. vulgare
C. laniflorumBrachycaudus cardui; Uroleucon cirsicola
C. leucanthum = C. maritimum
C. maackii = C. japonicum var. maackii
C. maritimumUroleucon cephalonopli, gobonis
C. megacephalum see C. undulatum
C. mexicanumAphis gossypii, spiraecola;
Capitophorus carduinus, elaeagni; Myzus ornatus, persicae;
Uroleucon ambrosiae
C. monspessulanum Aphis fabae group
C. montanumBrachycaudus cardui
C. morisianumBrachycaudus helichrysi; Capitophorus bulgaricus
C. muticumAphis fabae; Brachycaudus cardui;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Uroleucon pepperi, jaceae
C. myrianthumBrachycaudus cardui
C. neomexicanum Bipersona torticauda
C. nipponicum Aulacorthum cirsicola; Capitophorus cirsiiphagus
(incl. var. incomtum)
C. nuttalliiCapitophorus elaeagni
C. obvallatumAphis fabae group; Brachycaudus cardui
C. occidentalis = Carduus occidentalis
C. ochrocentrum Bipersona ochrocentri
C. odontolepisBrachycaudus cardui
C. oleraceumAphis cirsiioleracei, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis, janischi;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus cardui;
Capitophorus horni; Dysaphis lappae ssp. cirsii;
Pemphigus bursarius; Protrama radicis;
Uroleucon cirsii, jaceae, [sonchi]
C. palustreAphis cirsiioleracei, fabae; Brachycaudus cardui;
Capitophorus carduinus, horni; Protrama radicis;
Trama troglodytes; Uroleucon aeneum, cirsii , jaceae
C. pannonicumAphis cirsiioleracei, fabae, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis;
Brachycaudus cardui; Protrama radicis;
Uroleucon aeneum, cirsii
C. pauciflorum = C. waldsteini
C. pendulumAphis fabae, Aulacorthum cirsicola;
Chitinosiphum cirsorhizum; Uroleucon cephalonopli
C. purpuratumCapitophorus cirsiiphagus
C. pyrenaicumAphis fabae group
C. rhizocephalum Brachycaudus cardui
C. rivulareAphis fabae, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthiodis;
Brachycaudus cardui; Uroleucon aeneum
C. scariosum (incl. vars Aphis fabae group; Bipersona torticauda
americanum, coloradense)
C. schantarenseAulacorthum cirsicola; Capitophorus cirsiiphagus;
Uroleucon cephalonopli
C. scopulorum = C. eatonii var. eriocephalum
C. segetum = Breea segeta
C. serratuloidesAphis janischi
C. serrulatumProtaphis turanica
C. setidensUroleucon cephalonopli
C. setigerum = C. alatum
C. setosumAphis fabae group, gossypii, janischi, solanella;
Capitophorus elaeagni; Chitinosiphum cirsorhizum;
Protaphis turanica;
Uroleucon cephalonopli, gobonis, jaceae ssp. henrichi
C. siculum = Galactites tomentosa
C. sieversii = C. straminispinum
C. smallii = C. horridulum var. vittatum
C. spicatumAulacorthum cirsicola
C. spinosissimum Brachycaudus cardui; Capitophorus horni;
[Uroleucon sonchi]
C. straminispinum Aphis fabae, janischi, solanella; Brachycaudus cardui;
Protaphis anuraphoides, turanica; Uroleucon cirsii
C. subcoreacium Myzus ornatus
C. svaneticumAphis fabae group
C. syriacusAphis fabae group; Capitophorus elaeagni;
[Dysaphis lappae ssp. cynarae]
C. tanakae = C. nipponicum var. incomtum
C. tuberosumAphis fabae group; Brachycaudus helichrysi
C. turkestanicum Aphis cirsiioleracei; Brachycaudus cardui ssp. turanica
C. undulatumAphis asclepiadis; Bipersona torticauda;
Brachycaudus cardui; [Protaphis middletonii]
C. verutumHyperomyzus lactucae
C. vlassovianumUroleucon cephalonopli
C. vulgare (incl. lanceolatum) Aphis asclepiadis, fabae, fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis,
gossypii, janischi, solanella;
Aulacorthum solani; [Artemisaphis artemisicola];
Bipersona ochrocentri;
Brachycaudus cardui, cardui ssp. turanica, helichrysi;
Capitophorus bulgaricus, carduinus, elaeagni,
gynoxanthus, horni;
Dysaphis lappae ssp. cirsii;
Myzus ascalonicus, ornatus, persicae;
Protaphis [carthami?], terricola, turanica;
Trama troglodytes;
Uroleucon aeneum, cichorii, cirsicola, cirsii, compositae,
jaceae
C. waldsteinii Brachycaudus cardui; Hyperomyzus lactucae
(incl. pauciflorum)
C. wallichiiAphis craccivora, fabae group;
Brachycaudus cardui, helichrysi;
Capitophorus carduinus, elaeagni;
Dysaphis atina, microsiphon
C. weyrichiiAphis fabae group; Uroleucon cephalonopli, giganteum
Cirsium spp.Aphis pilosicauda, [Aphis (Protaphis) sp. (Mier Durante 1978)];
Brachycaudus cardui ssp. turanica, lateralis;
[Capitophorus similis]; [Cavariella salicicola];
Eotrama moerickei; [Macrosiphum sp. (Leonard 1964: 96)];
[Uroleucon riparium, sonchi spp. stepposa]

Key to apterae on Cirsium (also Cnicus):-

1ANT PT/BASE 0.1-0.7. SIPH absent or as pores on flat cones. Cauda broadly rounded, not evident…..2
ANT PT/BASE 0.8 or more. SIPH conical or tubular, usually longer than basal width. Cauda various, usually evident……5
2HT II very elongate, at least 0.5 × length of hind tibia, and fused to HT I …..3
HT II much less than 0.5 × length of hind tibia and separate from HT I…..4
3SIPH completely absent. Head and appendages pale or dusky. ANT PT/BASE 0.16-0.24 …..Trama troglodytes
SIPH present as pores on flat, pigmented cones. Head and appendages dark. ANT PT/BASE 0.33-0.69…..Protrama radicis
4SIPH absent. ANT PT/BASE 0.12-0.32 …..use key to polyphagous aphids, couplets 2 and 3
SIPH present as pores. ANT PT/BASE 0.44-0.57…..Eotrama moerickei
5 Long, thick capitate dorsal hairs present at least on head and posterior abdomen. SIPH slender, about as thick as hind tibiae at midlength…..6
Dorsal hairs not thick and distinctly capitate; if conspicuous, long and slightly expanded apically then SIPH are much thicker than hind tibiae at midlength…..12
6Spinal hairs duplicated (e.g. Fig.22a), so that on each of ABD TERG 1-5 there are 4 spinal hairs, 2-4 pleural hairs and 4-6 marginal hairs (the longest similar in length to those on ABD TERG 6-8)…..7
Spinal hairs not duplicated (e.g. Fig.22b); each of ABD TERG 1-5 with at most 2 spinal hairs, 2 pleural hairs and 2-4 marginal hairs (sometimes much shorter than those on ABD TERG 6-8) …..9
7R IV+V 1.7-2.3 × HT II. Pleural hairs on ABD TERG 1-3 often duplicated …..Capitophorus bulgaricus
R IV+V 1.1-1.5 × HT II. Pleural hairs on ABD TERG 1-3 not duplicated, except in some large individuals…..8
8R IV+V 1.1-1.4 × HT II (mostly 1.1-1.25 X), and 0.8-1.2 × ANT BASE VI. SIPH 1.4-1.9 × ANT III…..Capitophorus horni
R IV+V 1.3-1.5 × HT II, and 1.0-1.45 × ANT BASE VI (mostly 1.2-1.4 X). SIPH 1.6-2.2 × ANT III …..Capitophorus gynoxanthus
9 R IV+V 1.15-1.7 × ANT BASE VI…..10
R IV+V 0.7-1.1 × ANT BASE VI…..11
10Cauda 1.1-1.5 × R IV+V, and bearing 5-8 hairs. ANT PT 3.1-4.4 × R IV+V, and ANT PT/BASE 4.6-6.3. SIPH without dark apices…..Capitophorus carduinus
Cauda 1.4-2.3 × R IV+V, and bearing 7-13 hairs. ANT PT 4.5-6.3 × R IV+V, and ANT PT/BASE 6.0-9.2. SIPH with dark apices…..Capitophorus elaeagni
11ANT PT/BASE less than 6. ABD TERG 6 with 1 pair of minute spinal hairs, and ABD TERG 7 with 1 pair of thick capitate spinal hairs (and 0-2 much smaller pleural ones) (Fig. 22c)…..Capitophorus montanus
ANT PT/BASE more than 6.5. ABD TERG 6 with 1-2 pairs of thick capitate hairs, and ABD TERG 7 with 2 pairs of thick capitate spinal hairs (Fig.22d) …..Capitophorus cirsiiphagus
12 SIPH with a zone of polygonal reticulation occupying subapical 0.15-0.4 of length …..13
SIPH without subapical polygonal reticulation, sometimes with 1-3 rows of closed cells occupying less than 0.1 of length…..28
13Cauda broad at base, tapering to a very thin distal section that has a twisted appearance. Anal plate extended below cauda, and ending in a rounded protruberance (Fig.22e) …..14
Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped. Anal plate not extended…..15
14Hairs on ANT III and dorsum of head less than 0.5 × BD III …..Bipersona ochrocentri
Hairs on ANT III and dorsum of head more than 0.5 × BD III …..Bipersona torticauda
15Cauda dark…..16
Cauda pale or dusky…..21
16 R IV+V 0.22-0.30 mm long. Cauda with 16-55 hairs (usually more than 20) …..17
R IV+V 0.17-0.22 mm long. Cauda with 10-26 hairs (usually less than 20) …..19
17Tibiae wholly dark. Cauda with more than 40 hairs …..Uroleucon giganteum
Tibiae with paler middle section. Cauda with 16-34 hairs…..18
18ANT III with rhinaria extending over 0.5-0.8 of length. Hind femur dark on distal 0.65-0.75 of length. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.25-0.33. R IV+V 1.4-1.62 × HT II …..Uroleucon cephalonopli
ANT III with rhinaria extending over 0.37-0.52 of length. Hind femur dark on distal 0.4-0.5. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.15-0.20. R IV+V 1.20-1.35 × HT II …..Uroleucon aeneum
19ANT III with rhinaria extending over 0.68-0.95 of length. Hind femur dark on distal 0.6-0.75 of length…..Uroleucon gobonis (or compositae)
ANT III with rhinaria extending over 0.45-0.7 of length. Hind femur dark on distal 0.4-0.55 of length…..20
20R IV+V 0.9-1.1 × HT II, which is more than 0.20 mm long …..Uroleucon macrosiphon
R IV+V 1.2-1.35 × HT II, which is less than 0.19 mm long …..Uroleucon jaceae
21 Hairs on cauda all pointed and of similar length…..22
Distal hairs on cauda clearly shorter (and often blunter) than more proximal hairs …..26
22SIPH 1.1-1.5 × cauda, with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.25-0.45 of length …..23
SIPH 1.6-2.2 × cauda, with polygonal reticulation on less than distal 0.25 of length …..24
23R IV+V less than 0.19 mm long. Cauda with 12-27 hairs. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.25-0.36 of length…..Uroleucon ambrosiae
R IV+V more than 0.20 mm long. Cauda with 23-39 hairs. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal 0.36-0.45 of length …..Uroleucon pepperi
24 SIPH pale. Cauda with 8-12 hairs …..Macrosiphum euphorbiae (or chukotense?- see text)
SIPH dark. Cauda with more than 20 hairs…..25
25 Crescent-shaped antesiphuncular sclerites present. SIPH 0.25-0.34 × BL. Cauda with 20-33 hairs…..Uroleucon cirsii
No antesiphuncular sclerites. SIPH 0.32-0.42 × BL. Cauda with 30-45 hairs …..Uroleucon cirsicola
26SIPH wholly dark. Dorsal hairs with basal dark scleroites. ANT III with 39-49 rhinaria …..Uroleucon kumaoni*
SIPH pale at least basally. Dorsal hairs not arising from dark scleroites. ANT III with 5-24 rhinaria…..27
27 R IV+V c.2 × HT II…..Uroleucon longirostre
R IV+V 0.9-1.1 × HT II…..Uroleucon erigeronense
28 Head spiculose…..29
Head without spicules…..35
29ANT tubercles rather low with inner faces divergent. SIPH 2.7-3.6 × cauda. ANT III with 3-16 secondary rhinaria…..Chitinosiphum cirsorhizum
ANT tubercles well developed with steep-sided, almost parallel or apically convergent inner faces. SIPH less than 2.6 × cauda, or if more then clavate. ANT III with or without secondary rhinaria…..30
30SIPH slightly to moderately clavate…..31
SIPH cylindrical/tapering…..33
31SIPH as long as or longer than ANT III. R IV+V 0.9-1.0 (-1.2) × HT II …..Myzus persicae
SIPH much shorter than ANT III. R IV+V 1.3-1.5 × HT II…..32
32SIPH with a narrow basal stem, its narrowest part thinner than, or as thin as, hind tibia at mid-length. R IV+V with 7-15 accessory hairs. ANT tubercles with inner faces almost parallel. Tergum not rugose…..Myzus ascalonicus
SIPH thicker on basal half, its narrowest part thicker than hind tibia at midlength. R IV+V with less than 7 accessory hairs. ANT tubercles apically convergent. Tergum very rugose …..Myzus cymbalariae
33ANT, SIPH and femora mainly black…..Aulacorthum vandenboschi
ANT segments, SIPH and femora mainly pale, darker at apices…..34
34Head uniformly spiculose both dorsally and ventrally. Hind tibiae 0.6-0.8 × BL. SIPH 2.0-2.6 × cauda. ANT III with (0-) 1-3 (-4) rhinaria near base. BL 1.8-3.0 mm…..Aulacorthum solani
Head smooth dorsally and with spiculose areas between ANT tubercles and clypeus ventrally. Hind tibiae 0.9-1.5 × BL. SIPH 1.5-2.0 × cauda. ANT III with 3-12 rhinaria on basal half. BL 3.0-4.1 mm…..Aulacorthum cirsicola
35ANT tubercles well developed, with divergent inner faces. ANT III with 1-36 rhinaria …..36
ANT tubercles absent or weakly developed. ANT III usually without rhinaria …..38
36SIPH markedly clavate. Dorsum pale. ANT PT/BASE 4.6-8. R IV+V 0.9-1.0 × HT II …..Hyperomyzus lactucae
SIPH tapering/cylindrical. R IV+V 1.0-1.6 × HT II…..37
37Dorsum usually with dark intersegmental markings. ANT PT/BASE 8-11. Thoracic spiracles much larger than abdominal spiracles…..Nasonovia ribisnigri
Dorsum usually without dark intersegmental markings. ANT PT/BASE 4.4-7.5. Thoracic and abdominal spiracles similar in size…..Acyrthosiphon malvae
38Cauda shorter than its basal width, rounded or helmet-shaped, with 5-8 hairs. Marginal tubercles (MTu) absent from ABD TERG 1 and 7, or only present if there are spinal tubercles (STu) and MTu on other segments…..39
Cauda tongue-shaped or bluntly triangular, shorter or longer than its basal width, but if shorter then it bears more than 10 hairs. MTu always present on ABD TERG 1 and 7, and sometimes on other segments, but STu never present…..45
39 Paired STu present, at least on head, and often on ABD TERG 8 or 7-8. Spiracular apertures reniform…..40
STu absent from head, and rarely on ABD TERG 8. Spiracular apertures large and rounded …..43
40SIPH shorter than cauda. Paired STu only present on head …..Dysaphis microsiphon
SIPH longer than cauda. Paired STu present at least on head and ABD TERG 8 …..41
41STu usually only on head and ABD TERG 8, with occasionally 1 on ABD TERG 7. MTu on ABD TERG 1-5 rather small, not much larger than spiracular apertures on those segments. Longest hairs on ANT III 1.0-1.2 × BD III…..Dysaphis atina
Paired STu consistently present on head and ABD TERG 7 and 8, and also on several other segments. Large MTu present on ABD TERG 1-5 or 1-7. Longest hairs on ANT III shorter than BD III…..42
42Longest hairs on head about equal in length to ANT BD III. Dorsal abdominal hairs 0.5-0.6 × BD III. Cauda with 4 hairs…..Dysaphis radicivorans*
Longest hairs on head and dorsal abdomen shorter than 0.5 × ANT BD III. Cauda with 5-7 hairs…..Dysaphis lappae sspp. cirsii
43 Dorsum without dark markings. SIPH pale, smooth-surfaced, 0.8-1.5 × cauda. ANT III 0.07-0.25 mm, 0.9-2.2 × HT II…..Brachycaudus helichrysi
Dorsum with an extensive black shield. SIPH dark, imbricated, 1.7-3.4 × cauda. ANT III 0.31-0.47 mm, 2.4-3.4 × HT II…..44
44 Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are 30-61 µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur 10-25µm long …..Brachycaudus lateralis
Hairs on ABD TERG 8 are at least 70µm long. Longest hairs on hind femur more than 25µm long…..Brachycaudus cardui (incl. ssp. turanica)
45ANT PT/BASE 0.8-1.2. SIPH short, 0.7-1.2 × the short blunt triangular cauda …..46
ANT PT/BASE 1.8-4.0. SIPH 0.8-2.5 × cauda, if 0.8-1.2 × then cauda is tongue-shaped, clearly longer than its basal width…..47
46Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 1.2-1.3 × ANT BD III. SIPH 0.9-1.2 × cauda, and with a distinct flange. R IV+V 1.45-1.65 × HT II…..Protaphis anuraphoides
Longest hairs on ABD TERG 3 are 0.3-0.9 × ANT BD III. SIPH 0.67-0.92 × cauda, with a weak flange . R IV+V 1.2-1.4 (-1.5) × HT II……Protaphis terricola group (incl. ancathiae and turanica)
47 Cauda with 4-9 hairs (usually 5-7)…..48
Cauda with 7-27 hairs (usually 8-24)…..51
48 Dorsal abdomen with an extensive solid black patch…..Aphis craccivora
Dorsal abdomen without extensive dark markings…..49
49 Semi-globular MTu consistently present on all or most of ABD TERG 2-6 as well as 1 and 7…..Aphis cirsiphila
MTu absent from ABD TERG 2-6, or irregularly present, and then conical or papilliform …..50
50 ANT 5-segmented (in both apt. and al.). SIPH and cauda both black. ABD TERG 2-4 sporadically with MTu (mean total 1.7)…..Aphis cirsiioleracei
ANT 6-segmented (except in summer dwarf apt.). SIPH distinctly darker than cauda. ABD TERG 2-4 very rarely with any MTu …..Aphis gossypii
51 Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.5 × BD III. Cauda short, only about as long as its basal width, with 16-20 long, curved hairs…..Aphis pilosicauda
Longest hairs on ANT III more than 0.5 × BD III. Cauda much longer than its basal width, with 7- 27 hairs…..52
52 ABD TERG 8 with 6-11 hairs (fewer in hot-weather dwarfs). ANT III (1.6-) 2.0-4.0 (-5.0) × R IV+V. HT I with 3 hairs (sense peg present). Cauda with 7-12 hairs. (Al. with 14-40 rhinaria on ANT III)…..Aphis asclepiadis
ABD TERG 8 with 2-7 hairs. ANT III 1.3-2.6 (-3.0) × R IV+V. HT I with 2 hairs (no sense peg). Cauda with 7-27 hairs. (Al. with 4-23 rhinaria on ANT III)…..53
53 Dorsal abdomen without any dark markings. Cauda bearing 7-15 (usually 9-11) hairs, and usually with a distinct midway constriction…..Aphis spiraecola
Dorsal abdomen with dark cross-bands on ABD TERG 7 and 8, and some small dark markings anterior to SIPH. Cauda bearing 11-24 hairs, and without a constriction …..54
54 SIPH more than 6.5 × longer than marginal hairs on ABD TERG 3, which are 12-49 μm long. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.6-1.5 × BD III…..Aphis solanella
SIPH less than 6.5 × longer than marginal hairs on ABD TERG 3, which are 50-85 μm long. Longest hairs on ANT III 1.3-3.5 × BD III ….. Aphis fabae group (incl. A. fabae ssp. cirsiiacanthoidis, A. janischi)
CissampelosMenispermaceae
Cissampelos capensis Aphis gossypii
C. mucronataAphis gossypii
C. pareiraAphis aurantii, gossypii; [Myzus formosanus]

Use key to polyphagous aphids

CissusVitaceae
Cissus ampelopsis = Ampelopsis cordata
C. arboreaMacrosiphum euphorbiae
C. erosa Aphis gossypii
C. grisebachii = Cissus microcarpa
C. hypoglauca (?)Aulacorthum solani
C. japonica = Cayratia japonica
C. microcarpa Aphis illinoisensis
C. sicyoides = Cissus verticillata
C. verticillata Aphis aurantii, illinoisensis, spiraecola;
Sitobion cuscutae; Myzus persicae
C. welwitschiiAulacorthum solani; Myzus ornatus
Cissus spp.Sitobion cissi

Key to apterae on Cissus:-

1 Hind tibiae entirely black…..2
Hind tibiae pale, or at least with pale middle section…..3
2 SIPH with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles well-developed, divergent. ANT 1.4-1.7 × BL, with PT/BASE 5.5-6.8…..Sitobion cuscutae
SIPH without any polygonal reticulation. ANT tubercles weakly developed. ANT 0.7-0.9 × BL, with PT/BASE 3.1-4.0 …..Aphis illinoisensis
3 SIPH dark with subapical polygonal reticulation, Cauda pale. ANT III with 1-6 rhinaria near base, and with hairs all very short, less than 0.5 × BD III…..Sitobion cissi
Without this combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
Cistus Rock-Roses Cistaceae
Cistus albidus[Aphis sp. – Leonard 1972a, 99]
C. algarvensisNeomyzus circumflexus
C. clusii[Roepkea marchali]
C. × corbariensisMyzus ornatus
C. creticus[Aphis sp. – Leonard 1972a, 99];
Brachycaudus [cardui], helichrysi; Myzus persicae
C. crispusAphis [cisti Lichtenstein of del Guercio 1911 (nomen
nudum)], cisticola
C. germanicus (?)Brachycaudus helichrysi
C. heterophyllusMyzus persicae
C. hirsutus = Heliathemum appeninum
C. × incanus (incl. corsicus) Aphis cisticola, lupoi
C. ladaniferAphis cisticola, lichtensteini, lupoi;
Myzus ornatus, persicae
C. laurifoliusAphis cisticola, fabae; Myzus persicae
C. monspeliensisAphis cisticola, lichtensteini
C. nehrodense (?)Brachycaudus helichrysi
C. populifoliusAphis fabae, lichtensteini, lupoi
C. × purpureusBrachycaudus helichrysi
C. salviifoliusAphis cisticola, lichtensteini, lupoi; Myzus persicae
C. symphytifolius Myzus persicae
C. vaginatus = C. symphytifolius
C. villosus = C. creticus
Cistus spp.Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
[Myzus targionii Del Guercio 1894 – nomen dubium]

Key to apterae on Cistus:-

1Body spindle-shaped. SIPH pale, with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation …..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Body oval. SIPH dark or pale, without any polygonal reticulation…..2
2ANT tubercles well-developed, with inner faces scabrous and converging apically …..3
ANT tubercles undeveloped or weakly developed, not projecting beyond middle of front of head in dorsal view…..5
3SIPH slightly clavate. Dorsal abdomen without any dark markings …..Myzus persicae
SIPH tapering. Dorsal abdomen with dark markings…..4
4Dorsal abdomen with a large, roughly horseshoe-shaped patch. ANT PT/BASE 3.5-5.0 …..Neomyzus circumflexus
Dorsal abdomen with a pattern of paired intersegmental markings. ANT PT/BASE 1.7-2.5 …..Myzus ornatus
5SIPH pale, conical, almost smooth, with an annular incision below the flange. Cauda helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width. Spiracular apertures large and rounded …..Brachycaudus helichrysi
SIPH dark, tapering, imbricated, without an annular incision below the flange. Cauda tongue-shaped, longer than its basal width. Spiracular apertures reniform …..6
6R IV+V less than 1.3 × HT II. Hairs on ANT and legs mostly fine-pointed and often long; those on ANT III usually longer than BD III. Cauda with 11-27 hairs …..Aphis fabae
R IV+V more than 1.3 × HT II. Hairs on ANT and legs blunt or abruptly pointed; those on ANT III not longer than BD III. Cauda with 4-14 hairs…..7
7R IV+V 1.75-2.50 × HT II and bearing 6-10 accessory hairs. HT II very short, 0.65-0.83 × ANT BASE VI. Marginal tubercles (MTu) small and often absent from ABD TERG 1 and 7…..Aphis lichtensteini
R IV+V 1.34-2.05 × HT II and bearing 2-6 accessory hairs. HT II 0.72-1.00 × ANT BASE VI. MTu always present and well developed on ABD TERG 1 and 7…..8
8SIPH rather short and thick, 0.13-0.18 × BL, and less than 2.8 × their basal widths. R IV+V with 2-6 accessory hairs (85% with 3 or more)…..Aphis lupoi
SIPH 0.18-0.24 × BL and more than 2.9 × longer than their basal widths. R IV+V with 2-3 accessory hairs (94% with 2)…..Aphis cisticola
Citrullus (including Colocynthis)Cucurbitaceae
Citrullus colocynthis Aphis fabae, frangulae, gossypii;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae
C. lanatusAphis craccivora, fabae, frangulae, gossypii, nasturtii;
Aulacorthum solani; Myzus persicae;
Pseudomegoura magnoliae; Smynthurodes betae
C. vulgaris = C. lanatus

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

CitrusRutaceae
Citrus ×acida = C. aurantiifolia
C. aurantiifoliaAphis aurantii, citricidus, gossypii, spiraecola
C. aurantiumAphis aurantii, citricidus, craccivora, fabae, gossypii,
odinae, nerii, spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus helichrysi;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
Neomyzus circumflexus; Sinomegoura citricola
C. clementinaAphis aurantii, craccivora, fabae, spiraecola
C. glaucaAphis citricidus
C. grandis = C. maxima
C. jambhiri (?)Aphis citricidus
C. japonicaAphis aurantii, odinae
C. junosAphis citricidus
C. ×karna = C. aurantium
C. kinokuni = C. japonica
C. ×limettioides = C. aurantiifolia
C. limonAphis aurantii, citricidus, craccivora, fabae,
gossypii, solanella, spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus helichrysi;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
Neomyzus circumflexus
C. maximaAphis aurantii, citricidus, craccivora, gossypii,
spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus persicae
C. medicaAphis aurantii, citricidus, fabae, gossypii, spiraecola;
Brachycaudus helichrysi; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus persicae
C. ×myrtifolia = C. aurantium
C. ×natsudaidai = C. aurantium
C. ×nobilis = C. aurantium
C. paradisiAphis aurantii, gossypii, spiraecola;
Brachunguis harmalae;
C. reticulataAphis aurantii, citricidus, craccivora, fabae, gossypii,
odinae, spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus ornatus, persicae; Sinomegoura citricola
C. sinensisAphis aurantii, citricidus, craccivora, fabae, gossypii,
odinae, spiraecola;
Aulacorthum solani; Brachycaudus [cardui], helichrysi;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;
[Rhopalosiphum maidis]
C. tachibana = C. reticulata
C. unshiu = C. reticulata
Citrus spp.Pseudomegoura magnoliae; [Pterochloroides persicae]

Key to apterae on Citrus:-

ANT PT/BASE less than 1. SIPH pale, only about as long as their width at base and 0.4-0.7 × the pale cauda…..Brachyunguis harmalae
ANT PT/BASE more than 1.2. If SIPH are very short then both SIPH and cauda are dark…..go to key to polyphagous aphids
CladanthusAsteraceae
Cladanthus arabicus Metopeurum fuscoviride
C. mixtusAphis fabae, spiraecola,
[Aphis (Protaphis) sp. – Mier Durante 1978: 93];
Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Use key to apterae on Tanacetum.

CladrastisFabaceae
Cladrastis kentukea Aphis craccivora
C. lutea = C. kentukea
ClaopodiumThuidiaceae
Claopodium crispifolium Melaphis rhois; [Pachpappa rosettei]

(or try key to moss-feeding aphids under Polytrichum)

Clarkia (including Godetia)Onagraceae
Clarkia amoenaAphis frangulae (as epilobiina: Börner 1952);
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; [Myzus godetiae]
C. concinnaMyzus persicae
C. elegansAphis frangulae (as epilobiina: Börner 1952),
oenotherae
C. pulchellaMyzus lythri, ornatus
Clarkia spp. (as Godetia spp.) Aphis fabae, grossulariae, [triglochinis]

Use key to apterae on Epilobium.

ClausenaRutaceae
Clausena anisataAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
ClaytoniaMontiaceae
Claytonia lanceolata Aulacorthum solani; Macrosiphum claytoniae;
Myzus ascalonicus; Neomyzus circumflexus
C. perfoliataMyzus persicae
C. sibiricaAulacorthum solani;
Macrosiphum claytoniae, euphorbiae;
Myzus ascalonicus, persicae; Neomyzus circumflexus

Key to apterae on Claytonia:-

1Head densely spiculose or nodulose, ANT tubercles with inner faces steep-sided, parallel or apically convergent. SIPH tapering, cylindrical or slightly clavate, without polygonal reticulation …..go to key to polyphagous aphids, starting at couplet 4
Head smooth or only sparsely spiculose, ANT tubercles with inner faces divergent. SIPH tapering or cylindrical, with a subapical zone of polygonal reticulation…..2
2Dorsal cuticle sclerotic, wrinkled, pigmented. Longest hair on ANT III 0.4-0.75 × BD III. SIPH 2.3-2.7 × cauda…..Macrosiphum claytoniae
Dorsal cuticle membranous and pale. Longest hair on ANT III 0.7-1.0 × BD III. SIPH 1.7-2.2 × cauda…..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Clematis (including Atragene) Ranunculaceae
Clematis aethusifolia Aphis clematiphaga
C. alpinaMacrosiphum atragenae; Myzus varians
C. alpina ssp. ochotensis Myzus varians
C. alpina ssp. sibirica Aphis clematidis; [Macrosiphum chukotense]
C. apiifolia[Brachycaudus klugkisti]; Colophina clematicola, clematis;
Macrosiphum clematifoliae; Myzus persicae, varians
C. armandiiMyzus varians
C. brachiataMyzus varians
C. brevicaudataAphis clematiphaga; Colophina arctica
C. buchananianaAphis clematidis, gossypii
C. chinensisMyzus varians
C. chrysocarpa[Sitobion sp. – South Africa (Millar 1994)]
C. cirrhosaAphis clematidis; Aulacorthum solani; Myzus persicae
C. connataTubaphis clematophila
C. crispaMacrosiphum euphorbiae
C. dioicaAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
C. douglasii = C. hirsutissima
C. flammulaAphis clematidis, vitalbae; Myzus varians
C. floridaMacrosiphum clematifoliae, clematophagum;
Tubaphis clematophila
C. foetida[Aphis sp. (New Zealand: Teulon et al. 2013)]
C. forsteriAphis clematidis
C. fuscaAphis clematicola
C. glaucaMacrosiphum atragenae
C. gourianaColophina clematis; Macrosiphum clematifoliae
C. grataAphis longituba
C. hexapetalaAphis clematidis, clematiphaga
C. hexasepala = C. forsteri
C. hirsutissima Aphis clematidis
C. integrifoliaAphis clematidis
C. ×jackmaniiMyzus varians
C. japonicaColophina clematicola, clematis;
Macrosiphum clematifoliae; Myzus varians
C. ×jouinianaColophina clematis
C. ×lawsonianaAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
C. ligusticifoliaIllinoia brevitarsis; Macrosiphum clum; Myzus varians
C. mandshuricaColophina clematis; Myzus varians;
[Pseudomegoura nipponicum]
C. montana (var. rubens) Colophina clematicola
C. ochotensis = C. alpina ssp. ochotensis
C. orientalisAphis brachysiphon, clematidis,
[Aphis sp. (Davletshina 1964, 125)];
Myzus ascalonicus, ornatus
C. paniculata[Acyrthosiphon pisum]; Aphis clematidis;
Aulacorthum solani
C. rectaAphis clematidis; Colophina clematicola;
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus varians
C. songoricaAcyrthosiphon heptapotamicum
C. stansColophina arma
C. terniflora (incl. var. robusta) Colophina clematicola; Myzus varians
C. terniflora var. mandshurica see C. mandshurica
C. texensisColophina clematicola
C. tortuosaMacrosiphum clematifoliae
C. trichotomaColophina clematicola, clematis;
Macrosiphum clematifoliae
C. uncinata Colophina monstrifica
C. vitalbaAphis clematidis, longituba, [nasturtii], vitalbae;
Aulacorthum solani; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;
Myzus varians
C. viticellaAphis clematidis, fabae; Colophina clematicola
C. vitifolia = C. tortuosa
Clematis spp.Aphis nerii; [Macrosiphum gaurae]; Sitobion africanum

Key to apterae on Clematis:-

1ANT PT/BASE more than 0.7. SIPH tubular. Cauda longer than its basal width. Dorsum without multifacetted wax glands…..2
ANT PT/BASE much less than 0.5. SIPH as pores, or absent. Cauda broadly rounded, not evident. Dorsum with numerous multifacetted wax glands…..24
2SIPH with a subapical reticulated zone comprising at least 2-3 rows of closed polygonal cells …..3
SIPH without subapical polygonal reticulation…..9
3 SIPH wholly black, or black with pale bases…..4
SIPH pale or slightly dusky, or dark only at apices…..5
4SIPH more than 0.33 × BL, distally black but with contrastingly pale basal part. ANT tubercles well developed. Dorsum pale…..Macrosiphum clematifoliae
SIPH less than 0.33 × BL, wholly black. ANT tubercles rather weakly developed. Dorsum sometimes pale, sometimes with dark cross-bands…..Sitobion africanum
5Hairs on ANT III 0.7-1.0 × BD III. SIPH 1.7-2.2 × cauda …..Macrosiphum euphorbiae
Hairs on ANT III 0.2-0.4 × BD III. SIPH 2.3-3.2 × cauda…..6
6ANT PT/BASE 6.5-7.8. SIPH somewhat swollen distally, tapering gradually through the subapical reticulated region, and with a small flange …..Illinoia brevitarsis
ANT PT/BASE 4.0-6.1. SIPH cylindrical on distal half, or if appearing slightly swollen then the swelling does not include the subapical reticulated region, and there is a well-developed flange…..7
7ANT BASE VI wholly dark like apex of ANT V, and 1.05-1.25 × R IV+V. ANT III with 1-8 rhinaria…..Macrosiphum clum
ANT BASE VI paler than apex of V except in region of primary rhinarium, and 1.7-2.1 × R IV+V. ANT III with 6-12 rhinaria…..8
8R IV+V 0.9-1.05 × HT II. SIPH 2.8-3.0 × cauda, which is rather short and thick, almost parallel-sided on basal half…..Macrosiphum atragenae
R IV+V c.1.1 × HT II. SIPH c.2.3-2.4 × cauda, which tapers from base to apex …..Macrosiphum clematophagum
9Head spiculose, with well-developed, steep-sided or apically convergent ANT tubercles. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu)…..10
Head not spiculose, ANT tubercles undeveloped, weakly developed or if well developed then smooth and divergent. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with or without MTu …..15
10SIPH with contrastingly black distal sections…..Myzus varians
SIPH pale, or dusky only at apices…..11
11Dorsal abdomen with an intersegmental pattern of dark ornamentation. SIPH tapering, with a slight S-curve, coarsely imbricated, 0.75-0.95 × head width across eyes. ANT PT/BASE 1.9-2.4…..Myzus ornatus
Dorsal abdomen without intersegmental dark markings. SIPH clavate, or tapering and straight, 1.0-1.3 × head width across eyes. ANT PT/BASE 2.2-5.5…..12
12SIPH with coarse, scabrous imbrication, tapering or cylindrical on distal half, constricted near apex and with a small flange, the diameter at the flange not exceeding the diameter at midlength (Fig.23a). ANT PT/BASE 2.2-3.5. Cauda distinctly constricted at base, with 4-5 hairs (Fig.23b)…..Tubaphis clematophila
SIPH with moderate imbrication, tapering or slightly clavate, with diameter of flange greater than diameter at midlength. ANT PT/BASE 2.8-5.5. Cauda not constricted at base, with 4-8 (usually 6-7) hairs…..13
13SIPH clavate. ANT III without rhinaria…..14
SIPH tapering. ANT III usually with 1-2 small rhinaria near base …..Aulacorthum solani
14SIPH slightly clavate, with greatest width of swollen part 1.05-1.4 × least width of stem; normally imbricated, as long as or longer than ANT III…..Myzus persicae
SIPH evidently clavate, with greatest width of swelling 1.3-1.8 × least width of stem; weakly imbricated with swollen part almost smooth, 0.5-0.75 × ANT III …..Myzus ascalonicus
15ANT tubercles well developed, smooth and divergent. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu. SIPH pale, very long and distally attenuate, 0.32-0.42 × BL…..Acyrthosiphon heptapotamicum*
ANT tubercles weakly developed or undeveloped. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu. SIPH pale or dark, less than 0.33 × BL…..16
16Cauda black like SIPH, and with 9-27 hairs…..17
Cauda pale or dusky, with 4-14 hairs (SIPH pale or dark)…..19
17Stridulatory apparatus present, consisting of cuticular ridges on abdominal sternites 5 and 6 and a row of short peg-like hairs on each hind tibia ….. Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
No stridulatory apparatus…..18
18ABD TERG 7 and 8 with dark transverse bars, and often with dark markings on more anterior segments. ANT PT/BASE 1.7-3.5. SIPH 0.7-1.8 × cauda …..Aphis fabae
Dorsal abdomen without any dark markings. ANT PT/BASE 3.4-4.1. SIPH 1.7-2.7 × cauda …..Aphis nerii
19 ANT III with pointed hairs, the longest of them 2.0-2.8 × BD III …..Aphis clematiphaga*
ANT III with pointed or blunt hairs, maximally 0.4-1.5 × BD III…..20
20ANT PT/BASE 0.8-1.1. SIPH about equal in length to cauda …..Aphis brachysiphon
ANT PT/BASE 1.7-3.5. SIPH more than 1.1 × cauda…..21
21R IV+V 1.1-1.7 × HT II…..22
R IV+V 0.75-1.0 × HT II…..23
22SIPH (1.67-) 2.0-3.3 × cauda, which is 0.10-0.16 mm long and bears 5-8 hairs …..Aphis longituba
SIPH 1.3-2.1 (-2.5) × cauda, which is 0.17-0.21 mm long and bears 7-14 hairs …..Aphis vitalbae
23Hairs on ANT III short and blunt, 0.5-0.7 × BD III…..Aphis clematicola*
Hairs on ANT III pointed, 0.8-1.5 × BD III …..Aphis clematidis
24 BL 0.8-1.3 mm. ANT 4-segmented. Tarsi 1-segmented (2 segments fused). SIPH absent …..Colophina clematicola
BL more than 2 mm. ANT 6-segmented. Tarsi 2-segmented. Poriform SIPH present …..25
25ABD TERG 4 with 10-16 wax glands (2 spinal, 2 pleural, 6-12 marginal) …..26
ABD TERG 4 with 17-24 wax glands (e.g. 4-6 spinal, 4-8 pleural, 8-12 marginal) …..27
26 SIPH located just anterior to the row of wax glands on ABD TERG 5. Spinal wax glands on ABD TERG 6 with facets of diameter more than 20 μm (Fig.23c) …..Colophina clematis
SIPH located between rows of wax glands on ABD TERG 5 and 6. Spinal wax glands on ABD TERG 6 with facets of diameter less than 20 μm (Fig.23d) …..Colophina arctica
27BL 2.4-3.3 mm. Wax plates composed of cells of more-or-less uniform size, even on ABD TERG 7 (Fig.23e)…..Colophina arma
BL 3.6-5.4 mm. Some wax glands on ABD TERG 7 composed of cells differing greatly in size (Fig.23f)…..Colophina monstrifica*
CleomeCleomaceae
Cleome amblyocarpa Myzus persicae
C. chelidoniiAphis craccivora, gossypii
C. coeruleoroseaAphis gossypii
C. gynandraAphis craccivora, gossypii; Brachycaudus helichrysi;
Lipaphis pseudobrassicae; Myzus persicae
C. monophyllaAphis gossypii; Myzus persicae
C. pentaphylla = Cleome gynandra
C. rutidospermaLipaphis pseudobrassicae; Myzus persicae
C. serrulataAphis craccivora
C. speciosa = Cleoserrata speciosa
C. spinosaBrevicoryne brassicae; Myzus persicae;
[Sitobion pauliani]
C. viscosaAphis gossypii
Cleome sp.Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Key to apterae on Cleome:-

1 Cauda short, rounded or broadly triangular, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view …..2
Cauda distinctly longer than its basal width in dorsal view…..3
2Cauda broadly triangular. Dorsal abdomen with some dark segmental markings. SIPH dark, slightly swollen. Spiracular apertures reniform…..Brevicoryne brassicae
Cauda helmet-shaped, rounded. Dorsal abdomen without dark markings. SIPH pale, tapering, conical. Spiracular apertures large and rounded…..Brachycaudus helichrysi
3ANT tubercles low, divergent and scabrous. Median frontal tubercle similarly developed, and scabrous, as also are ANT I and II. SIPH cylindrical for most of length or slightly thicker distally with a constriction before the flange …..Lipaphis pseudobrassicae
ANT tubercles either undeveloped or low and rather smooth, or, if scabrous then well developed and steep-sided or apically convergent. SIPH tapering, cylindrical or moderately clavate, with or without a subapical constriction …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
CleoserrataCleomaceae
Cleoserrata speciosa Lipaphis pseudobrassicae
ClerodendrumLamiaceae
(Some of the east Asian records of Aphis gossypii may refer to A. clerodendri.)
Clerodendrum bungei Aphis gossypii
C. chinense Aphis clerodendri, gossypii; Myzus ornatus, persicae
C. cyrtophyllum Aphis clerodendri
C. floribundumAphis clerodendri
C. fortunatumAphis gossypii
C. fragrans = C. chinense
C. indicumAphis clerodendri, gossypii
C. inermeAphis gossypii, nasturtii; Myzus persicae
C. infortunatumAphis gossypii, nasturtii, spiraecola; Nasonovia rostrata
C. japonicumAphis gossypii; Myzus persicae
C. johnstoniiAphis spiraecola; Myzus ornatus
C. longiflorumAphis clerodendri
C. myricoidesAphis gossypii; Myzus ornatus, persicae
C. paniculatumAphis gossypii
C. phillipinum = C. chinense
C. quadriloculareAphis clerodendri
C. serratum (= Rotheca serrata) Aphis gossypii; [Mollitrichosiphum nandii]
C. speciosissimum Aphis gossypii; Myzus persicae
C. splendensAphis gossypii, spiraecola, Aphis sp. (India, BMNH
collection)
C. thompsoniaeAphis gossypii
C. tomentosum Aphis clerodendri
C. tracyanumAphis clerodendri
C. trichotomumAphis clerodendri, gossypii; Prociphilus clerodendri;
Pseudomegoura magnoliae
C. trichotomum var. fargesii Aphis clerodendri ssp. amamiana
C. yakusimense = C. trichotomum var. fargesii
Clerodendrum spp. Brachycaudus helichrysi; Sinomegoura citricola

Key ot apterae on Clerodendrum;-

1Wax glands present. SIPH absent. ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5…..Prociphilus clerodendri*
Wax glands absent. SIPH present, tubular. ANT PT/BASE more than 1 …..2
2Spiracular pores on thorax very large and rounded, more than 4 × larger than those on abdomen. R IV+V 0.21-0.33 mm long, about 2 × HT II, and bearing 22-30 accessory hairs. Dorsal body hairs long with blunt or slightly expanded apices …..Nasonovia rostrata
Spiracular pores on thorax not distinctly larger than those on abdomen. R IV+V shorter, with fewer accessory hairs. Dorsal body hairs if long then pointed…..3
3ANT tubercles absent or weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu). Cauda paler than at least distal part of SIPH, which are either wholly dark or have dark apices…..4
Either ANT tubercles are well developed or, if they are absent or weakly developed, then either ABD TERG 1 and 7 are without MTu or both cauda and SIPH are entirely dark …..6
4SIPH pale basally, darker towards apices…..Aphis nasturtii
SIPH uniformly dark…..5
5ANT V 2.5-4 × longer than hairs on ABD TERG 8, which are finely pointed. Cauda with 6-9 (usually 7-8) hairs…..Aphis clerodendri
ANT V 4-9 × longer than hairs on ABD TERG 8, which are usually blunt. Cauda with 4-8 (usually 5-6) hairs…..Aphis gossypii
6SIPH black, 2.2-3.1 × cauda, which is also black and about as long as its basal width in dorsal view. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with MTu …..Aphis sp. (India, BMNH collection)
SIPH pale or dark, but if dark they are less than 2 × cauda, and cauda is longer than its basal width. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with or without MTu …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
ClethraClethraceae
Clethra barbinervis Matsumuraja rubifoliae; Myzus persicae
C. cubensisAphis aurantii, spiraecola
C. delavayiMyzus persicae
C. monostachya = C. delavayi

Key to apterae on Clethra:-

Head, thorax and abdomen with long paired finger-like tubercles, the tubercles near SIPH being about equal in length to SIPH and 2 × ANT III (fundatrix). (Al. second generation with secondary rhinaria distributed III 22-31, IV 9.18, V 3-10. Immatures with distal half of hind tibiae strongly spinulose.)…..Matsumuraja rubifoliae
Without long finger-like tubercles…..go to key to polyphagous aphids
CleyeraPentaphylacaceae
Cleyera japonicaAphis gossypii
Cleyera sp.Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ClianthusFabaceae
Cloianthus dampieri = Swainsona formosa
C. formosus = Swainsona formosa
C. puniceusAcyrthosiphon malvae, pisum; Aphis craccivora

Key to apterae on Clianthus:-

ANT VI BASE 0.25-0.4 mm, 1.8-2.3 × R IV+V. SIPH very attenuate distally, with minimum diameter less than 0.25 × width of cauda at midlength in dorsal view …..Acyrthosiphon pisum
ANT VI BASE less than 0.2mm, less than 1.5 × R IV+V. SIPH clavate, cylindrical or tapering but not attenuate and of diameter more than 0.3 × width of cauda at midlength …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
ClibadiumAsteraceae
Clibadium erosum Aphis coreopsidis, gossypii; Aulacorthum solani
C. surinamenseAphis eugeniae, spiraecola
C. terebinthinaceum Aphis aurantii, spiraecola; Uroleucon ambrosiae

Use key to apterae on Eupatorium, which includes all these species.

ClidemiaMelastomataceae
Clidemia hirtaAphis gossypii
CliffortiaRosaceae
Cliffortia strobilifera Aphis gossypii
ClimaciumClimaciaceae
Climacium dendroides [Clydesmithia canadensis]; Pseudacaudella rubida

(or try key to moss-feeding aphids under Polytrichum)

ClimacopteraAmaranthaceae
Climacoptera sp.Aphis craccivora
Clinopodium Calamints Lamiaceae
Clinopodium acinos Aphis calaminthae, clinopodii, craccivora, fabae;
Ovatus chamaedrys
C. alpinum Myzus ornatus
C. chinenseAphis clinepetae
C. gracileAphis clinopodii, gossypii; Chaetosiphon hirticorne;
Eumyzus clinopodii
C. grandiflorumAphis calaminthae, [Aphis sp. near clinepetae – Crimea,
BMNH collection]
C. menthifoliumAphis calaminthae
C. micranthumAphis gossypii
C. multicaule[Hyperomyzus carduellinus]
C. nepeta Aphis origani
C. nepeta ssp. glandulosum Aphis calaminthae, fabae, gossypii
C. umbrosumAphis gossypii; Myzus ornatus
C. vulgareAphis clinopodii, [frangulae], origani;
Cryptomyzus heinzei; Dysaphis microsiphon;
Myzus ornatus; Ovatomyzus chamaedrys;
[Ovatus crataegarius]

Key to aphids on Clinopodium, Acinos, Calamintha and Satureja:-

1 SIPH strongly swollen, with maximum diameter of swollen part more than 2× minimum diameter of stem (Fig.48a). SIPH 5.4-8.2 × cauda…..Eucarazzia elegans
SIPH not swollen or less swollen, and less than 4 × cauda…..2
2Dorsal cuticle of head nodulose or spiculose…..3
Dorsal cuticle of head more-or-less smooth, without nodules or spicules (although their may be some spicules ventrally) …..5
3 Antennal hairs very long, 2-3 × BD III, arising from tuberculate bases. SIPH long, thin, cylindrical and straight…..Chaetosiphon hirticorne
Antennal hairs short, 0.25-0.8 × BD III. SIPH thick, tapering, and often somewhat curved …..4
4 Dorsal body hairs very long, 2-3 × BD III. Dorsum without any distinct dark intersegmental markings. ANT tubercles low, divergent. SIPH shorter than ANT III …..Eumyzus clinopodii
Dorsal body hairs very short, less than 0.3 × BD III. Dorsum with a pattern of dark intersegmental markings. ANT tubercles well developed, with their inner faces apically convergent. SIPH longer than ANT III…..Myzus ornatus
5 Dorsal body hairs long and rather thick, 2-3 × ANT BD III, with knobbed apices and mostly arising from distinctly tuberculate bases. ANT III with 2-10 rhinaria on basal part. ANT PT/BASE 7.8-9.5. SIPH clavate, 3-4 × cauda…..Cryptomyzus heinzei
Dorsal body hairs shorter or with pointed apices, without tuberculate bases. ANT III without rhinaria. ANT PT/BASE less than 8. SIPH tapering, cylindrical or clavate, usually less than 3 × cauda…..6
6 ANT 1.1-1.6 × BL, with PT/BASE 5.6-7.7. ANT tubercles distinctly developed. SIPH pale, cylindrical or slightly clavate (Fig.50e), 2.2-3.1 × cauda, which has a distinctly constricted base…..Ovatomyzus chamaedrys
ANT 0.43-0.75 × BL, with PT/BASE 1.4-3.5. ANT tubercles undeveloped or weakly developed. SIPH dusky or dark, tapering, 0.4-2.5 × cauda which is not constricted at base …..7
7 SIPH 0.4-0.8 (-1.2) × cauda which is helmet-shaped, shorter than its basal width …..Dysaphis microsiphon
SIPH 0.8-2.5 × cauda which is tongue-shaped or tapering, longer than its basal width …..8
8 Dorsal abdomen with an extensive black patch…..Aphis craccivora
Dorsal abdomen membranous or with scattered dark markings or cross-bands …..9
9 Hairs on legs very short; posterior hair on hind trochanter only about 0.33 × width of trochantro-femoral suture…..Aphis calaminthae
Hairs on legs longer; posterior hair on hind trochanter 0.5-2.0 × width of trochantro-femoral suture…..10
10 R IV+V 1.5-1.9 × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.1. Longest hair on ANT III 0.6-0.9 × BD III. (Al. with 2-6 secondary rhinaria on ANT IV) …..Aphis clinepetae*
R IV+V 0.9-1.4 (rarely up to 1.5) × HT II. ANT PT/BASE 1.7-4.0. Longest hair on ANT III 0.3-3.4 × BD III. (Al. usually without, rarely with 1-2, secondary rhinaria on ANT IV) …..11
11SIPH 0.87-1.1 × cauda, which bears 4 – (more rarely) 5 hairs. ABD TERG 8 usually with a pale, dusky or dark sclerotic transverse band, and small spots at bases of SIPH …..Aphis clinopodii
SIPH 0.8-2.5 × cauda, which bears 4-19 hairs (more than 5 hairs if SIPH are less than 1.1 × cauda). Dorsal abdomen with or without dark markings…..12
12 Cauda black and bearing 11-19 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.8-2.2 × BD III …..Aphis fabae
Cauda pale or dark, bearing 4-8 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.8 × BD III …..13
13SIPH 1.07-1.43 × cauda. ABD TERG 8 often with a pale, dusky or dark sclerotic transverse band, and small spots at bases of SIPH…..Aphis origani
SIPH 1.3-2.5 × cauda. Dorsal abdomen usually without any dark markings (except in alatiform specimens) …..Aphis gossypii
ClintoniaAsparagaceae
Clintonia borealisIllinoia [borealis], pallida
C. unifloraEricaphis sp. (A. Jensen, Idaho; aphidtrek.org)
Clintonia sp(p). Ericaphis sp. (A. Jensen, Washington; aphidtrek.org)
ClitoriaFabaceae
Clitoria ternateaAphis gossypii
Clitoria sp.Aphis craccivora; Brachycaudus helichrysi

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ClusiaClusiaceae
Clusia gundlachiiAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
C. roseaAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
ClutiaPeraceae
Clutia abyssinicaAphis citricidus, spiraecola
Clutia sp.Aphis fabae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

ClypeolaBrassicaceae
Clypeola jonthiaspi Brevicoryne brassicae
CnicusAsteraceae
Cnicus argyrancanthus = Cirsium argyracanthum
C. arvensis = Cirsium arvense
C. benedictusBrachycaudus cardui, [persicae]; Myzus persicae;
Uroleucon aeneum, [sonchi]
C. edelbergii = Carduus edelbergii
C. pauciflorus = Carduus defloratus
C. syriaca = Notobasis syriaca
C. wallichii = Cirsium wallichii
Cnicus spp.Aphis spiraecola; Bipersona ochrocentri, torticauda;
Brachycaudus helichrysi;
Capitophorus carduinus, elaeagni;
Myzus ornatus; Neomyzus circumflexus;
[Protrama longitarsus ssp. sclerodensis]

Use key to aphids on Cirsium.

CnidiumApiaceae
Cnidium ajanense Dysaphis cnidii
C. dahuricum (= dauricum?) Aphis fabae
C. monnieriDysaphis sp. near mordvilkoi (China, BMNH collection)
C. officinale = Ligusticum officinale
C. silaifoliumCavariella aegopodii

Key to apterae on Cnidium:-

1ABD TERG 8 with a posteriorly projecting process above cauda. ANT PT/BASE 0.6-1.4. SIPH clavate…..Cavariella aegopodii
No supracaudal process. ANT PT/BASE 2.4-5.3. SIPH clavate, cylindrical or tapering …..2
2SIPH very small and flangeless, only about 0.5 of length of cauda or less, with aperture slanted towards midline…..Semiaphis heraclei
SIPH at least 0.6 of length of cauda, and with a distinct flange…..3
3Cauda helmet-shaped or pentagonal, not longer than its basal width. Spinal tubercles (STu) present on head, and usually on ABD TERG 8, or 7 and 8. Longest hairs on ANT III 2.1-3.6 × BD III…..4
Cauda tongue-shaped, clearly longer than its basal width. STu absent from head and not usually present on ABD TERG 7 and 8. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.3-2.1 × BD III …..go to key to polyphagous aphids
4 R IV+V 1.54-1.81 × HT II. ABD TERG 8 with 7-9 hairs …..Dysaphis cnidii
R IV+V 1.05-1.15(-1.33) × HT II. ABD TERG 8 with 4-7 hairs…..Dysaphis sp. near mordvilkoi (China, BMNH collection)
CobaeaPolemoniaceae
Cobaea scandensAphis fabae; Myzus persicae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

CocciniaCucurbitaceae
C. adoensisAphis gossypii
C. cordifolia = C. grandis
C. grandisAphis craccivora, gossypii, nasturtii, [umbrella]
C. indica = C. grandis

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

CoccocypselumRubiaceae
Coccocypselum herbaceum Aphis gossypii
C. lanceolatumAphis gossypii
CoccolobaPolygonaceae
Coccoloba borinquensis = C. swartzii
C. diversifoliaAphis gossypii, nasturtii
C. laurifolia = C. diversifolia
C. obtusifoliaAphis craccivora
C. pyrifoliaAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
C. retusaAphis craccivora, spiraecola
C. swartzii Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii
C. uviferaAphis aurantii, craccivora, gossypii
C. wrightiiAphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

CocculusMenispermaceae
Cocculus orbiculatus [Schizaphis jaroslavi]
C. trilobus = C. orbiculatus
Cochlearia Scurvy-Grasses Brassicaceae
Cochlearia arctica Brevicoryne brassicae
C. armoracia = Armoracia rusticana
C. officinalisLipaphis cochleariae; Myzus ascalonicus

Key to apterae on Cochlearia:-

1 ANT tubercles undeveloped, or low with median frontal tubercle developed to a similar extent, so that front of head is convex or strongly sinuous (“W-shaped”) in dorsal view. Dorsal abdomen usually with some paired dark sclerites. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without marginal tubercles (MTu)…..2
ANT tubercles well-developed (or if weakly developed then ABD TERG 1 and 7 always have MTu…..go to key to polyphagous aphids
2. Head cuticle smooth with ANT tubercles very low, so that front of head is convex in dorsal view. SIPH dark, 0.8-1.0 × cauda…..Brevicoryne brassicae
Head cuticle rough, with ANT tubercles developed to a similar extent to median frontal tubercles, so that front of head is strongly sinuous (“W-shaped”) in dorsal view. SIPH pale, 1.1-1.5 × cauda…..Lipaphis cochleariae
CocosArecaceae
Cocos nuciferaAstegopteryx nipae, rappardi, rhapidis;
Cerataphis brasiliensis, lataniae; Hysteroneura setariae;
[Tuberaphis xinglongensis]
Cocos sp. Cerataphis formosana, [freycinetiae]

For key to palm aphids see under Calamus.

CodariocalyxFabaceae
Codariocalyx motorius Aphis craccivora
CodonopsisCampanulaceae
Codonopsis clematidea [Acyrthosiphon ilka]; [Aphis psammophila];
Aulacorthum solani; Rhopalomyzus codonopsidis
C. javanica (incl. japonicus) Neomyzus taiwanus
C. lanceolataCodonopsimyzus sasammi;
Meguroleucon codonopsidicola; Neomyzus codonopsis
C. ovataAphis fabae
C. pilosulaMeguroleucon codonopsicola

Key to apterae on Codonopsis:-

1SIPH black and without any distal polygonal reticulation. Cauda black with 11-25 hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu)…..Aphis fabae
SIPH pale or dark, if dark then with polygonal reticulation. Cauda pale/dusky, with 5-14 hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu…..2
2Head, ANT and SIPH entirely dark. Distal 0.2-0.3 of SIPH with polygonal reticulation ….. Meguroleucon codonopsidicola
Head pale, ANT and SIPH mainly pale, sometimes darker at apices. SIPH without polygonal reticulation, or with only a few closed cells near apices…..3
3Dorsum without dark markings. Head smooth ventrally as well as dorsally. Cauda with 9-14 hairs…..4
Dorsum with or without a pattern of black markings. Head with spicules at least ventrally. Cauda with 5-7 hairs…..5
4 SIPH markedly inflated over about distal 0.7 of length, the maximum width of the swelling being more than twice the minimum width of the basal part. ANT III without rhinaria. ANT tubercles low and bearing slightly capitate hairs longer than BD III …..Rhopalomyzus codonopsidis
SIPH cylindrical or only slightly swollen on distal half. ANT III with 1-13 rhinaria distributed in a row over length of segment. ANT tubercles well developed and bearing blunt or capitate hairs less than 0.5 × BD III…..Codonopsimyzus sasammi*
5Dorsum without dark markings…..Aulacorthum solani
Dorsum with a conspicuous pattern of black markings …..6
6Dorsum with dark transverse bands across pronotum, metanotum and ABD TERG 8, as well as broader bands across mesonotum and ABD TERG 2/3. Head with spicules dorsally as well as ventrally…..Neomyzus taiwanus
Dorsum with broad dark bands across mesonotum and anterior abdomen, but pronotum and metanotum with paired dark patches, and ABD TERG 8 without any dark markings. Head without spicules dorsally…..Neomyzus codonopsis