Cuticle membranous, pale, head fused to prothorax only. ANT 5-segmented, 0.20-0.27 × BL
…..3
3
Front of head with 4 rounded spine-bearing tubercles, the medial pair conjoined at bases (Fig.60b). Thorax and abdomen with a continuous fringing row of wax glands
R IV+V tapering almost to
a point, 1.05-1.30 × HT II. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu).
SIPH tapering, pale or dark, or darker towards apices, 0.8-1.7 × cauda which
is pale with 6-13 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.75 × BD III. Hind
tibial hairs all shorter than width of tibia at midlength
Body not broadest anteriorly. ANT 5- or 6-segmented
…..2
2
ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. SIPH absent, or present as pores
…..3
–
ANT PT/BASE more than 1. SIPH present, tubular
…..9
3
SIPH present as pores surrounded by hairs. Dorsal wax glands present, each consisting of a ring of facets around an undivided central area (most easily seen on head and margins of abdomen)
SIPH absent. Dorsal wax glands absent or of different form
…..4
4
Body spindle-shaped with very short ANT and legs (e.g. hind tibia only 0.07-0.15 × BL), and sparse, short hairs. R IV with 2 hairs (often inconspicuous)
Body oval or globular with longer ANT and legs (e.g. hind tibia 0.12-0.23 × BL). Hairs usually more numerous and/or longer, if short and sparse then R IV without hairs
…..5
5
Hairs on body and appendages short and sparse. R IV with 0-1(-2) accessory hairs
…..6
–
Body and appendages with longer and/or more numerous hairs. R IV with 4 or more hairs
Hind tibiae pale, or at least with extensive pale middle sections
…..11
11
Head densely spiculose, ANT tubercles well-developed with inner faces almost parallel. SIPH long and tapering/cylindrical, with a well-developed flange. ANT III usually with 1-2 small rhinaria near base
SIPH black, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Longest
hairs on ANT III less than 0.6 × BD III. Dorsal abdomen with variably
developed dark cross-bands
SIPH entirely dark and with an extensive distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Dusky/dark scleroites present at bases of at least some of dorsal hairs
…..2
–
SIPH pale or dark, if dark then without or with very little polygonal reticulation. Dorsal hairs not arising from scleroites
ANT tubercles well developed with smooth divergent inner faces. ANT dark except at base, with ANT PT/BASE 5.9-7.5. SIPH dark except for basal 0.2-0.3 of length, with subapical polygonal reticulation restricted to much less than 0.1 of length
Head spiculose (or if smooth in alata then SIPH dark and clavate). ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu
…..2
2
SIPH not clavate, almost cylindrical on distal half (except sometimes for a subapical constriction)
…..3
–
SIPH slightly to markedly clavate (i.e. with narrower section on basal half)
…..5
3
Dorsal abdomen with a pattern of dark intersegmental markings. SIPH rather thick, less than 10 × longer than their width at midlength, with a slight S-curve
SIPH tapering, cylindrical, or moderately swollen with diameter of swollen part less than 2 × minimum diameter of basal part
…..6
6
(Fundatrix) Cauda with 10-12 hairs. R IV+V 1.4-1.6 × HT II. (Al with smooth head, thick, dark SIPH – Fig.61b, and primary rhinarium on ANT V elongate, its long axis 1.2-1.4 × diameter of segment – Fig.61c)
Cauda with 5-8 hairs. R IV+V either 0.9-1.4 or 1.7-2.1 × HT II. (Al. with spiculose head, thinner, pale/dusky SIPH, and primary rhinaria on ANT V almost circular, its diameter less than that of segment)
…..7
7
ANT PT/BASE 2.8-4.5. (Al. with forewing-veins not dark-bordered)
SIPH dark, with subapical polygonal reticulation. R IV+V short, blunt, convex-sided, 0.65-0.75 × HT II. ANT III with longest hairs only 0.2-0.3 × BD III, and 1-3 rhinaria near base
ANT, SIPH and distal 0.7
of femora blackish, cauda pale. Head minutely spiculose with well-developed
divergent ANT tubercles. ABD TERG 2-7 with broad dusky sclerotic bands or
paired patches
(Both spp. have R IV+V with 13-35 accessory hairs, ANT III with a row
of 6-21 rhinaria, and SIPH with rather indistinct subapical reticulation;
otherwise go to key to fern-feeding aphids)
Cauda short, helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width, with a slight basal constriction, and bearing 4-8 hairs. Spiracular apertures large and rounded
…..5
–
Cauda tongue-shaped, finger shaped, or bluntly triangular without a basal constriction (in which case it has 10+ hairs). Spiracular apertures reniform
…..6
5
Dorsal abdomen with an extensive dark sclerotic shield. SIPH 2.1-3.4 × cauda. Mesosternum with a pair of dark mammariform processes
SIPH and femora covered with irregular,
transverse rows of spicules. ANT PT/BASE 5.8-8.1. SIPH pale basally and dark
distally.(Alata with dark-bordered wing veins, with radius and costa
fused for part of lengths to form a closed cell behind the pterostigma)
SIPH and femora smooth or imbricated, not markedly spiculose. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-6.2. SIPH pale or uniformly dark. (Alata with normal wing venation, veins not dark-bordered)
SIPH black, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.6 × BD III. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed dark cross-bands
SIPH entirely dark, or only slightly paler at base. Cauda tapering or finger-like, not very thin at apex, with any subapical hairs similar to lateral hairs
Dorsum with extensive uniformly dusky/dark sclerotisation. Head spiculose with well-developed scabrous ANT tubercles. SIPH slightly clavate. R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II
ANT VI BASE with 5-7
hairs. ANT III, IV and most of V completely lacking in pigment, paler than
rest of cuticle. SIPH 0.8-1.08 × cauda. ABD TERG 8 with 5-8 hairs.
(Stridulatory apparatus present)
The small but probably ancient aphid fauna of Zelkova is poorly studied. The gall makers span 4 genera of Eriosomatini, all distinct from those on Ulmus, and are probably relicts of a much larger fauna in the past. Tinocallis on Zelkova include some that also feed on Ulmus (nirecola, ulmiparvifoliae), plus several others that are included in the key rather tentatively as they have not been seen by the authors. There are certainly other Tinocallis still to be described from Zelkova.
Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed. SIPH as short truncate cones without hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 2 with paired spinal hair-bearing processes (Adult viviparae all alate)
…..2
–
Cauda rounded, anal plate entire. SIPH absent or if present then not in form of short truncate cones without hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 2 without spinal processes. (Adult viviparae apterous and alate)
…..12
2
Forewing with at least distal branches of media thickly bordered with fuscous, and Cu1a with a distal fuscous patch
…..3
–
Forewing veins not thickly bordered with fuscous; sometimes with small spots at distal ends
…..5
3
ANT PT/BASE about 0.25. Dorsal abdomen with extensive paired dark markings (fig. 119B). Head and pronotum pale with dark markings. Forewing with a bridge of fuscous between media and distal part of Cu1b
ANT PT/BASE at least 0.9. Dorsal abdomen without dark markings. Head and pronotum almost wholly dark. Forewing without a bridge of fuscous between media and Cu1b
…..4
4
Pronotum with one pair of finger-like spinal processes. Spinal processes of ABD TERG 3-8 pale, low, undeveloped on some tergites. SIPH pale
Pronotum with two pairs of finger-like spinal processes. ABD TERG 3-8 with dark spots, developed into cone-shaped processes on some tergites, and with dark marginal sclerites on 4-6. SIPH dark
Head and often also pronotum with a well-defined black median longitudinal line, which may be lacking in spring generations, but in that case thorax is without spinal processes. Mesonotal lobes not dark
…..6
–
Head and pronotum without any pigmentation in the median area, or if with a dark medial line then mesonotal lobes are dark. Pro- and mesonota with paired spinal processes
…..9
6
Pro- and mesonota with hairs borne on paired short spinal processes about as long as their basal widths. Femora with dark subapical spots
ANT III pale with dark apex, not usually longer than ANT IV+V together, and bearing 10-26 secondary rhinaria. R IV+V 0.8-1.0(-1.2) × HT II, with 4-5 accessory hairs
ANT III with secondary rhinaria distributed over more than half of length
…..10
–
ANT III with secondary rhinaria concentrated on thickened basal half
…..11
10
Hind femora pale with contrasting dark subapical bands, Head with inner pair of posterior hairs on processes that are shorter than or as short as their basal widths
Hind femora dusky or pale with diffuse inconspicuous subapical spots. Head with inner pair of posterior hairs on processes that are 1.5-2.0 × longer than their basal widths
Forewing veins endingin conspicuous dark triangles. Dorsal body hairs fine, mostly longer than basal diameter of ANT III. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1 and 2 usually dark-tipped, and those on ABD TERG 2 often united at base. Marginal processes often as long as or longer than ANT I
Forewing veins not ending in conspicuous dark triangles. Dorsal body hairs stiff, as short as or shorter than basal diameter of ANT III. Spinal processes pale, those on ABD TERG 2 not united at bases. Marginal processes shorter than ANT I
(Remaining couplets refer to alatae emerging from leaf-roll or pouch galls.) Media of forewing once- or twice branched. Hind wing with 1 or 2 oblique veins. SIPH pores present
…..15
–
Media of forewing unbranched. Hind wing always with 1 oblique vein. SIPH pores present of absent
…..21
15
Total length of antennal flagellum (III-VI) 0.9-1.4 mm. ANT III bearing 28-44 secondary rhinaria
…..16
–
Total length of antennal flagellum (III-V or III-VI) 0.3-0.8 mm. ANT III bearing 9-22 secondary rhinaria
Total length of antennal flagellum (III-VI) 1.2-1.4 mm. ANT PT 0.01-0.02 mm long, with quadrate apex (fig. 120A). Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 31-43, IV 9-14, V 10-16, VI 8-11
Total length of antennal flagellum 0.9-1.1 mm. ANT PT very short and indistinct, less than 0.01 mm long, with rounded apex. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 28-37, IV 8-13, V 9-13, VI 5-8
ANT VI BASE (or V in 5-segmented antennae) with 3-7 secondary rhinaria. ANT PT very short and broad, about 0.01 mm or less, with rounded apex (fig. 120B). SIPH pores absent. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 7-16, IV 4-6, V 3-8, VI 3-7
ANT VI BASE with 0-1 secondary rhinaria. ANT PT about 0.02 mm or more, with rounded or pointed apex. SIPH pores present. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 7-11, IV 2-3, V 0-4, VI 0-1
…..22
22
ANT V about equal in length to (i.e. less than 1.2×) ANT IV (fig. 120C). Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 8-11, IV 2-3, V 0-3, VI 0-1